Turkey declared itself to be a republic, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti. The Ottoman Empire, therefore, officially came to an end.
The office of Sultanate was abolished, but the office of Caliph retained for the time being. The Ottoman flag was retained.
The first commercial radio broadcast in Germany was made.
German president Friedrich Ebert invoked Article 48 of the German constitution authorizing Chancellor Stresemann to remove government officials in Saxony from office, which was accordingly accomplished with armed force.
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