Voters in Quebec voted for the Quebec Liberal Party and therefore for remaining in the Canadian union.
Les électeurs du Québec ont voté pour le Parti libéral du Québec et donc pour rester dans l'union canadienne.
En effet, pourquoi quitteriez-vous le pays que vous avez fondé ?
The Uruguayan military government closed the Universidad de la República Uruguay in Montevideo due to Marxist agitation.
Today in World War II History—August 23, 1943: Soviets take Kharkiv, Ukraine, the fourth and final time it changes hands during World War II, and the Germans lose the Donets Basin industrial area.
From Sarah Sundin's blog.
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And that was a big deal in the war, we might note.
We should also note that the Red Army took massive casualties in the Battle of Kursk and its independent subparts, and in the counteroffensive following it. While putting it oddly, an achievement of the Red Army by this point of the war was being able to sustain huge manpower and material losses and not disintegrate. On the other hand, while the Red Army has numerous fans, it was fighting in a style that simply tolerated losses at a level that anything other than a totalitarian state could not endure, something the Germans also would do, but with the Soviets taking much larger casualties.
Konstantin Konstantinovich Rokossovsky, a Polish born senior Soviet commander, had his illustration appear on the cover of Time. The painting, which we cannot put up here as it is copyright protected, featured the Soviet general looking forward with piercing blue eyes and the words "USSR" behind him. He was painted seemingly thinner than he was in real life. Rokossovsky had been arrested during the Purge but had amazing survived, and then was dragged back out of confinement when it ended and the Red Army was in need of experienced commanders, which he was, after the disaster of the Winter War. He never blamed Stalin for his confinement, but rather the NKVD, taking a politic, if toady, approach to both the horror and his ongoing servitude to the monstrosity of the USSR.
Orphaned as a child, he'd joined the Imperial Russian Army during World War One, then went over to the Reds during the Revolution. After the war, in 1949, he became the Polish Minister of Defense under Stalin's orders, showing the extent to which Communist Poland was a puppet. He was not popular with the Poles, which he knew, commenting; "In Russia, they say I'm a Pole, in Poland they call me Russian".
Rokossovsky and his wife Julia had a daughter named Ariadna. He cheated on his wife with Army doctor military doctor Galina Talanova during the war, with whom he had a second child named Nadezhda. He was fond of hunting.
He died in 1968 of prostate cancer in Moscow at age 71.
Life magazine, in contrast, had a black and white portrait of a young couple dancing the Lindy Hop.
Uruguay transferred German sailors of the battleship Graf Spee and auxiliary ship Tacoma to an internment camp at Sarandi Del Li after they violated the conditions of their internment in Montevideo boarding houses.
The Pasadena Post reported on the cast of Poppa is All touring military bases, which included Casper born and Lander raised former Miss Wyoming Helen Mowery.
Princess Elizabeth, the future Queen Elizabeth II, appeared on the cover of Life magazine. The black and white photograph of the young Elizabeth is a shock to see today.
The Battle of Demyansk began, with the objective of encircling German troops in a salient and relieving the front near Moscow. It'd more or less achieve the latter, but not the former.
Sarah Sundin's blog has a number of interesting items in it:
Today in World War II History—February 15, 1943: J. Howard Miller’s “We Can Do It” poster, now identified with Rosie the Riveter, is first posted at Westinghouse for a two-week in-house campaign.
The poster is one of the most recognizable in history now. Ironically, it was little known to the World War Two generation itself, and only became widely known some forty years later. In this sense, it's much like the "Keep Calm And Carry On" British poster, which was so rare in World War Two that it's debated if it was put up at all.
The poster, which is in fact not particularly skillfully executed, was limited to 1,800 runs and 17" x 22" in side. In its original posting, it was put up only in Westinghouse factories, and in fact the female subject in the image wears a Westinghouse Electric floor employee badge. The workers who would have seen it were engaged in making helmet liners, and the poster was part of a gentle effort, in part, from dissuading strikes. It was part of a 42 poster series by Miller.
Miller himself may be regarded as a somewhat obscure illustrator. He was busy during World War Two and issued other posters that had an industrial theme.
Miller's female worker was based on a photograph of Geraldine Doyle, nee Hoff or Naomi Parker, it isn't really clear which, although some claim that it's definitely Parker. It might have been both women, and more than just the two. The poster was painted from a photograph or photographs, and not a live model.
During the war itself, the Rockwell Saturday Evening Post illustration of a stout, defiant female riveter was the accepted depiction of Rosie the Riveter. Rockwell, with his keen eye for detail, had painted "Rosie" on her lunch box.
The name, Rosie the Riveter, was first used in a song by that name by Redd Evans and John Jacob Loeb, recorded by The Four Vagabonds, which came out prior to Rockwell's May 1943, illustration. The song, in turn, had been inspired by a newspaper column about 19-year-old Rosalind P. Walter who had gone to work as a riveter in Stratford Connecticut as part of the war effort. The model for the Rockwell painting was not an industrial worker, but a telephone operator, Mary Doyle Keefe, née, perhaps ironically, Doyle, who was Rockwell's neighbor. She actually posed for a photograph for Rockwell's photographer, rather than for Rockwell live.
Keefe, who was not yet married, didn't like the painting as Rockwell had made her image so beefy, for which he apologized. She attended Temple University, became a dental hygienist, married and passed away in 2015 at age 92. Rosalind P. Walter went on in later life to become quite wealthy and was a noted philanthropist, particularly supporting public television. She died in 2020 at age 95.
J. Howard Miller lived until 2004, but remained obscure, unlike his famous poster.
It should be noted that the depiction of the women and their story itself is interesting. Vermonter Keefe was the daughter of a logger, but was obviously from a solid middle class Catholic family, something that would not have been surprising in any fashion at the time. As noted, she was not an industrial worker herself. Geraldine Doyle worked only very briefly as an industrial worker in 1942, quitting as she feared injuring her hands as she was a cellist. She later married a dentist later in 1943. They met in a bookstore. While her association with the painting is disputed, her World War Two factory photograph is remarkably similar to the poster. Parker was employed in a factory prior to the war and continued to be during it.
The Miller image is used for a sign on the outside of the Rosie the Riveter WWII Home Front National Historical Park in California, a Federal park dedicated to the World War Two home front. World War Two, immediately following the Great Depression, had an enormous and permeant (and probably not good, really) impact on California, so the location is well placed.
Democracy returned to Uruguay.
January 25, 1942: Japanese set up puppet government in Thailand, which declares war on US and UK. Japanese land at Lae, New Guinea. Australia orders full mobilization; all white male British subjects 18-45 years are eligible for conscription.
It's worth noting that conscription was not popular in Australia. The Australians were justifiably freighted that the Japanese would land on Australia and outright conquer it, a thought that seems fantastical today, but which is less extreme than one might imagine. Japan's population grossly outnumbered Australia's and Australia, for the most part, is only populated on its coasts. Japan was, at the time, expanding its conquests massively, and on this day were making landings in New Guinea and Borneo. As noted, their puppet government in Thailand declared war on the US and UK.
Nonetheless, Australians, who have always had a strong contrarian streak, didn't like the idea of conscription and at first Australian conscripts only served in Australia itself, matching a pattern that was true for Canada, at first. Late war Canadians conscripts could be sent overseas, and Australian ones ended up fighting in the Pacific. The quality of Australian conscript combat troops was notably poorer than their volunteer troops, with morale really being the reason why.
The United Kingdom, New Zealand and South Africa reciprocated Thailand's declaration of war. Thailand's ambassador to the US refuses to deliver the declaration and defects, going on to form a Free Thai government in exile.
Japanese submarines shelled Marine Corps positions at Midway unsuccessfully, and submerged due to counterfire.
Uruguay severed diplomatic relations with Germany, Italy and Japan.
The Red Army surrounded the Germans at Kholm. The Germans overran British lines, including armor, at Msus.
