Last edition:
Ostensibly exploring the practice of law before the internet. Heck, before good highways for that matter.
Or so I suppose.
The work tally for the prior year is in, for good or ill. The heavy lifting of the upcoming year, and there will be some, has not yet begun. The last two weeks of any year are, for most occupations, darned near idle, and so whether days are taken off or not, a sort of holiday atmosphere of ease prevails.
Until January 2 comes around and ends it.
Happy New Year.
Syria became independent theoretically, but the French mandate continued.
The RAF bombed Berlin again.
The War Department was pondering its policies regarding African American soldiers.
From Sarah Sundin's blog:
Today in World War II History—January 1, 1944: Gen. Alexander Vandegrift replaces Gen. Thomas Holcomb as commandant of the US Marine Corps. US penny production switches from steel to a copper & brass alloy.
USC Trojans beat the Washington Huskies 29-0 in the Rose Bowl, Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets defeated Tulsa Golden Hurricane 20-18 in the Sugar Bowl., the LSU Tigers beat the Texas A&M Aggies 19-14 in the Orange Bow, the Cotton Bowl Classic ended in a 7–7 tie between the Randolph Field Ramblers and the Texas Longhorns.
No ball was dropped in Times Square for the second year in a row.
With a strange mixture of abandon and restraint, San Francisco accorded 1943 a reasonable facsimile of the traditional year-end sendoff last night, and then settled back for a more or less sober inspection of A. D. 1944.
Today in World War II History—December 31, 1943: The US Victory Book Campaign closes due to inefficiency of the program and to the publication of the Armed Services Editions books.
A remarkable entry by Sarah Sundin.
She also notes:
The Marines secured an airfield on Cape Gloucester; and
The commissioning of the USS Cassin Young, which is a museum ship today (photo on blog included). Ms. Sundin, it should be noted, has an article on museum destroyers. I'd like to visit one. I've been on battleships and submarines, but not destroyers.
Hitler delivered a New Year's message to the Germans admitting that the Third Reich had suffered heavy reverses in and that the upcoming year would require more, and in fact would approach the crisis level. He also noted that the Allies would land on the Atlantic Coast.
It's often noted, and apparently correctly, that the German people didn't really appreciate the dire circumstances they were in until January 1945. While that seems to be true, it's hard to understand, given that they were certainly getting lots of bad news, in this case even from the very top.
It should be noted that the concluding year, 1943, was the one in which not only did German battlefield fortunes begin to massively decline, but that an accompanying massive expansion of the Holocaust began.
In preparation for those landings, Field Marshall Rommel was inspecting fortifications on the coast of Northern France.
Douglas MacArthur visited troops under his command, including this group of Native American soldiers.
Deputy Prime Minister Clement Attlee broadcast a New Years Eve message to the British people promising that the "hour of reckoning" had come for Germany, but also warning that 1944 would involve heavy sacrifice.
The Red Army captured Zhytomyr.
Argentina's President, Gen. Pedro Ramirez, dissolved political parties and restored the requirement of Roman Catholic education in all Argentine public schools.
Henry John Deutschendorf Jr. (John Denver) was born in Rosewell, New Mexico.
The Seine overflowed its banks in Paris, and the Neva in Petrograd.
The news of the last day of the year was grim:
Mexican revolutionaries were suffering a set back.
Wyoming Catholic Cowboys - raw and real: Hog Leg: Nothing says America like shooting guns and watching the Super Bowl. A nice sunny afternoon was the perfect time to try out my newly borrowe...
This is interesting.
The Super Bowl used to be a bigger deal in this house than it now is. Seems like a lot of things once were.
I’m not a football fan at all, and I didn't really start watching the Super Bowl until my wife and I were married. She is a football fan and will watch the season, and always watches the Super Bowl.
When we were first married, there were Super Bowl parties. We didn't have kids at first, and my wife's brothers were young at the time. Later, however, it carried on until the kids were teens. Then something changed, including the giving up of the farm (the farm, not the ranch), longer travel distances, and some residential changes at the ranch. Ultimately, the parties just sort of stopped, although I'm sure my two brothers-in-law, who live in houses at the ranch yard, still observe a party, and my father and mother-in-law, who live a few miles away, likely travel to that.
Much lower key than it used to be. No big gatherings like there once were.
Back in the day, we had a couple of them at our house.
Basically, the dining fare was always simple. Sandwiches bought at one of the local grocery stores, chips and beer. Typical football stuff.
At some parties at the farm, there were bowling pin shooting matches. For those not familiar with them, people shot bowling pins from some distance with pistols. It was fun. Frankly, I don't think a lot of people are all that interested in the Super Bowl to start with, and at least at the Super Bowl parties with bowling pin matches people went out to the match, and it ran into the game, which says something.
The other day also, I wrote on community.
I note this because, at one time, Schuetzen matches were big deals in German American communities. And while they involved rifles, and indeed very specialized rifles, they were also big community events.
And such things aren't unique to just those mentioned. In parts of the country, men participating in "turkey shoots" were pretty common.
Of course, shooting clubs and matches still exist nearly everywhere, and lots of men, and women, participate in matches.
Less common, however, are the rural informal matches.
All sorts of rural activities were once associated with holidays, and events. I guess that the Super Bowl is some sort of large-scale informal civil holiday, even though of course it always occurs on a Sunday. Indeed, the playing of the game on a Sunday is curious. I put a little (very little) time looking into that, and found this CBS Sports comment on it, which it must be first noted explained that football really started being popular in the 1920s.
Sunday was a free day during a decade where it was common to work on Saturdays, so the APFA played most of their games on that day. Fast forward 30 years to the advent of television networks, who were desperately looking for programming on Sundays in the 1950s.
That makes some sense to me, as I still work on Saturdays.
I'd note, however, that is this makes sense, it doesn't quite explain why baseball games occur all throughout the week, and I think there are Monday night professional football games as well, albeit televised ones.
I wonder, however, if it has deeper roots than that. American football is the successor to Rugby, and Rugby and Soccer were hugely popular in the United Kingdom. Prior to major league fun sucker Oliver Cromwell taking over the English government, in the United Kingdom, Sunday had been a day for church and then games.
This went back to Medieval times, before the Reformation. People worked, and worked hard, six days out of seven, but on the seventh, they rested. And resting meant going to Mass, and then having fun, and fun often meant games and beer, as well as other activities. In spite of their best efforts, major Protestant reformers weren't really able to make a dent in village observance of tradition until Cromwell came in and really started ruining things. To Calvinist of the day like Cromwell, Sunday was a day for church and nothing else, although contrary to what some may suspect they were not opposed to alcohol. Cromwell's Puritan government banned sports.
It's no wonder he was posthumously beheaded.
Cromwell and his ilk did a lot of damage to the Christian religion in the Untied Kingdom, and if you really want to track the decline in religious observance in the UK to something, you can lay it somewhat at the bottom of his severed head. Indeed, while hardly noted, what we're seeing going on today, in some ways, is the final stages of the Reformation playing out, and playing out badly.
Anyhow, after Cromwell was gone and the Crown restored, games came back, and they came back on Sunday. Not just proto-football, but all sorts of games. And games became hugely associated with certain religious holidays in the United Kingdom. The day after Christmas, Boxing Day, is one such example, as is New Years, the latter of which is a religious holiday in and of itself.
I suspect, however, that this had a lasting influence. I don't know for sure, but I think football is on Sunday as Sunday was the day of rest, and watching the village football game and having a tankard of ale was all part of that, after church. I also suspect that this is the reason that some American holidays are associated with football, such as Thanksgiving, which had its origin as a religious holiday, and New Years, which as noted also is.
Now, of course, with the corrupting influence of money, it's become nearly a religion to some people in and of itself. People who dare not miss a single football game never step foot in a church.
Also lost, however, is the remaining communal part of that. Watching a game played that's actually local, rather than corporate national, to a large extent. And one free of advertising. Indeed, the Super Bowl has become the number one premiere venue for innovative advertising, some of which isn't bad.
Anyhow, maybe the Super Bowl Party, in some form if properly done, is a step back in time to when the game was more a vehicle than an end in and of itself, and when it wasn't such a show that a big freakish half-time performance was expected.
We can hope so.
Today in World War II History—January 1, 1943: The Rose Bowl returns to Pasadena: Georgia beats UCLA 9-0. Incoming California Gov. Earl Warren serves as Tournament of Roses grand marshal.
So reports Sarah Sundin, who also notes that California Governor Earl Warren served as Grand Marshall, but the parade was cancelled due to the war.
At that game, the George Bulldogs beat the UCLA Bruins 9 to 0.
The Soviets announced that 175,000 Germans had been killed at Stalingrad and 137,650 captured, which lead to headlines on those numbers in the U.S. that very day.
Albanian resistance fighters began a rebellion against the Italians at Gjorm. They'd win, but it would be a Pyrrhic victory, resulting in Italian reprisals.
For Catholics in the U.S., it was a Holy Day of Obligation. It would normally have been a day off for most people in the Western World, but due to wartime conditions, for many it would not be.
It was New Year's Eve, 1922.
That meant a lot of parties. Parties occurring during Prohibition. A fair number of them were dry, but a fair number were not.
French Prime Minister Raymond Poincare rejected German Chancellor Wilhelm Cuno's proposal for a non-aggression pact with Germany, which would have replaced French troops in the Rhineland with an international disinterested force.
Frankly, were I Poincare, I would have rejected it also. What international force, following the Great War, would have even qualified as disinterested?
We mentioned Cuno here the other day, he was an economist. Of some interest, he was born in 1876 and would die in 1933. Poincare was born in 1860, and would outlive him, dying in 1934.
The Nine Power Treaty went into effect. We've run the text of the treaty, signed by the U.S. France, Italy, Belgium, the Netherlands, Japan, the United Kingdom, Portugal, and China previously.
United States Supreme Court Justice Mahlon Pitney retired following his having suffered a stroke.
Pitney was conservative, but also a libertarian, and has received praise in the modern era for being consistently libertarian. He hailed from New Jersey, where his family had been located since colonial times, and only served for ten years before his stroke idled him. He died in 1924 at age 66.
The Casper Daily Tribune had a cartoon on the cover regarding the Hays of the Hays Production Code, which we just discussed.
The Saturday Evening Post featured one of J. C. Leyendecker's many New Years illustrations.
It was satyric in nature, with Old Europe, treaty in back pocket, greeting the young US in allegorical form as the old year and the new year meeting.
A new development, reviving an old set of borders, was unfortunately occurring. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was officially founded on this day in 1922. It had, of course, been functioning as a Communist monstrosity for some time already.
The Country Gentleman featured a baby with a seed catalog, but unfortunately I was not able to locate the illustration.
The Communist government of Russia (it was not yet the Soviet Union), published data that 1,766,118 people had been executed since the October Revolution.
This in the charming "real" Communist regime of Vladimir Lenin, not Stalin.
Added to that, of course, would be starvation victims and casualties of the Civil War.
In the United States, the President received well-wishers.
The 1922 Rose Bowl was played at Tournament Park, the last one to be played at that location. UC Berkeley played Washington & Jefferson College in a game that had no scores and ended in a tie, the only one to have ever ended with no score and in a tie.
Charlie West was the quarterback for Washington & Jefferson, the first black quarterback to play in the came.
Football was mostly a college sport at that time, and it interestingly integrated well in advance of baseball. West, in fact, was signed to play professional football in 1924, but decided to go to Harvard Medical School instead, and he became a physician.
He was also an Olympic quality athlete, but injuries precluded his participating in the 1924 Olympics in the track and field category.
The Dixie Classic was played on the same day.
Why on a Monday?
Well, January 1 was on a Sunday, which was very seriously observed.
The fact that we don't observe it as much, and in that fashion, also speaks poorly of us today.
Veronica Foster, Canada's' answer to Rosie the Riveter in the form of Ronnie the Bren Girl, was born. After the war, she'd go on to be a professional singer.