Thursday, March 24, 1825. State Colonization Law of March 24, 1825.

The Mexican legislature passed the State Colonization Law of March 24, 1825, allowing immigrants to take up agricultural lands in Texas for a nominal fee, provided that they took oath promising to abide by the federal and state constitutions, to worshiped according to the Catholic faith, and to display sound moral principles and good conduct. 

Immigrants arrived, but they were largely Protestant (Southern) Americans, violated Mexican slavery laws, and demonstrated very little loyalty to Mexico.

Perhaps they should be deported.

There are a lot of lessons in this story.

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Saturday, March 19, 1825. Fort Vancouver opens.

Labels: 1820s, 1825, Hudson's Bay Company, The Frontier West, Washington

Saturday, March 19, 1825. Fort Vancouver opens.

The Hudson's Bay Company opened Fort Vancouver.

The Bicentennial of Fort Vancouver

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Saturday, February 12, 1825. The Treaty of Indian Springs.

Labels: 1820s, 1825, 1826, Georgia, Muscogee people, Native Americans

Saturday, February 12, 1825. The Treaty of Indian Springs.

The Treaty of Indian Springs was concluded between the Muscogee and the United States with an additional article added two days later on February 14, 1825

The treaty was not universally accepted by the Native Americans it was suppoed to represent, leading to a new treaty being negotiated in 1826.  That one was not accepted by Georgia, and there was nearly an armed conflict between the State and the Federal government.

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Wednesday, February 9, 1825. John Quincy Adams chosen as President.

Labels: 1820s, 1824, 1824 Election, 1825, Andrew Jackson, Democratic Party, History repeating itself or at least rhyming, Jefferson Jackson Days, John C. Calhoun, Ronald Reagan, Southern Strategy, Thomas Jefferson

Wednesday, February 9, 1825. John Quincy Adams chosen as President.

The 1824 Presidential election, which ran from October 26 to December 2, 1824, saw Andrew Jackson, John Quincy Adams, Henry Clay and William Crawford run for the oval office.

John C. Calhoun was elected with a comfortable majority of the vote for Vice President. 

However, none of the main contestants for the Presidency held a an electoral vote majority.  On this day in 1825 the House of Representatives voted,with each state delegation casting one voted,  elected John Quincy Adams as President, giving the election to him.

Andrew Jackson was a bufador, so Adams was the right choice.  Unfortunately Jackson (a Democrat, I might add) would revive, and, and come back, Trump like. Indeed Trump, who is also a bufador, admires Jackson, or claims to.

For years, the local Democratic Party here had Jefferson Jackson Days, honoring the supposed founder of the party (who wasn't) and its early populist leader.  Populism was a main element of the Democratic Party, like it currently is of the Republican Party, from Jackson's election through the 1980s, when Reagan's Southern Strategy co opted the Southern Democrats and Rust Belt Democrats, unfortunately.  Now, the GOP is what the Southern Democratic Party had been.

One of the comforting things about knowing history, I might add, is to know that there were prior eras when we acted darned near as stupidly as we currently are.

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Thursday, January 27, 1825. Origin of the Trail of Tears.

Labels: 1820s, 1825, James Monroe, Native Americans

Thursday, January 27, 1825. Origin of the Trail of Tears.

President James Monroe approved a plan for Native American removal approved by the Secretary of War, John C. Calhoun.

Native Americans east of the Mississippi were to voluntarily exchange their lands for lands in the west, with the government seemingly failing to appreciate that there were already Native Americans in the west, and that voluntarily under those circumstances wasn't very voluntary.

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Thursday, January 20, 1825. The Treaty of Washington City.

Labels: 1820s, 1825, Arkansas, Choctaw people, Native Americans, United States

Thursday, January 20, 1825. The Treaty of Washington City.

The Treaty of Washington City between the United States and the Choctaw resulted in a large portion of land being ceded within in what would soon become Arkansas.

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January 19, 1825. The reason that today is Tin Can Day.

Labels: 1820s, 1825, Food, technology

January 19, 1825. The reason that today is Tin Can Day.

Which it is.  Tin Can Day, that is.

On this day in 1825 Ezra Daggett and Thomas Kensett received the US patent on January 19, 1825.  Never mind that British merchant Peter Durand had received the original tin can patent in 1810.

'Merca!

I'm actually quite surprised that tin cans are this old.  I guess I never thought of it, really.

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Wednesday, January 12, 1825. A type of justice arrives for the first time.

Labels: 1820s, 1824, 1825, Crime, Fall Creek Massacre, Indiana, law

Wednesday, January 12, 1825. A type of justice arrives for the first time.

For the first time in U.S. history, a European American was hung for his role in the organized killing of a Native American when James Hudson was hanged in Madison County, Indiana.

The killings had occurred in that county on March 22, 1825, and were previously noted here on their anniversary, where we stated:

Monday, March 22, 1824. The Fall Creek Massacre

The Fall Creek Massacre occured in which Native Americans of uncertain tribal origin, two men, three women, two boys, and two girls were killed by seven white settlers in Madison County, Indiana. 

The perpetrators would be caught, tried and sentenced to execution, in the first instance of European Americans being executed for the murder of Native Americans under U.S. law.  Not all were, however, as the Governor arrived during the executions and pardoned those who had not yet had their sentence carried out.

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Sunday, January 9, 1825. The "Corrupt Bargain".

Labels: 1820s, 1825, John Adams

Sunday, January 9, 1825. The "Corrupt Bargain".

Henry Clay and John Adams had a meeting which resulted in Jacksonians accusing them of reaching a deal in which Clay would support Adams in exchange for a cabinet position, presumably Secretary of State.

The accusation was without evidence.

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Thursday, December 2, 1824. Unclear results.

Labels: 1820s, 1824, 1824 Election, Politics

Thursday, December 2, 1824. Unclear results.

The 1824 Presidential election concluded with no clear winner, throwing the election to the House of Representatives.

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Wednesday, November 24, 1824. Miller Time.

Labels: 1820s, 1824, 1888, 18880s, Alcohol, German Confederation, Germany, Personalities

Wednesday, November 24, 1824. Miller Time.

Friedrich Johannes Miller was born in Riedlingen, Kingdom of Württemberg, German Confederation.

An immigrant to the U.S., he founded Miller Brewing.

He passed away in 1888 at age 63 from cancer.

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Thursday, November 11, 1824. Cruel acts and affairs of the heart.

Thursday, November 11, 1824. Cruel acts and affairs of the heart.

Three weeks after receiving the petition of an interracial couple the Cherokee General Council passed an act outlawing marriage between "negro slaves and Indians, or whites".

Frankly, I can see why they'd outlaw the one against whites, given the oppression they'd face, but slaves was a bit much.

Last edition.

Sunday, November 7, 1824. St. Petersburg Flood.

Labels: 1820s, 1824, Disaster, St. Petersburg Russia, Weather

Sunday, November 7, 1824. St. Petersburg Flood.

The horrific St. Petersburg Flood, by some measures the worst flood in Russian history, occurred.

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Tuesday, November 2, 1824. The Blackpore Mutiny of 1824.

Labels: 1820s, 1824, British Empire, Colonialism, India, Indian Army

Tuesday, November 2, 1824. The Blackpore Mutiny of 1824.

The Blackpore Mutiny of 1824 took place in which enlisted Indian sepoys mutinied at Blackpore.  The troops were upset about lack of sensitivity to cultural concerns and being transported by sea.  Ultimately the British attacked the camp and 180 of the Indian troops were killed.

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Monday, October 25, 1824. Davy Crockett announces for office.

Labels: 1820s, 1824, 1824 Election, Personalities, Tennessee

Monday, October 25, 1824. Davy Crockett announces for office.

Davy Crockett announced his intention to run for the U.S. House of Representatives for Tennesee.

He lost the election.

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Monday, October 4, 1824. The first Mexican Constitution.

Labels: 1820s, 1824, law, Mexico

Monday, October 4, 1824. The first Mexican Constitution.

Mexico's first constitution was enacted on this day.

Last edition:

Thursday, September 16, 1824. Death of King Louis XVIII.

Labels: 1820s, 1824, France, Monarchy, Napoleon Bonaparte, Napoleonic Wars

Friday, September 25, 1874. The Act of September 1874.

Tilmahtli from the 1531 apparition of Our Lady of Guadalupe, Mexico.

Mexico enacted  The Act of September 25, 1874 making the provisions of the Reform Law constitutional.

The act provided "liberal" reforms basically on the French model, following the results of the bitter Reform War of the late 1850s, and were hostile accordingly to the Church in certain ways.  They provided:

• The State and the Church were independent of each other.
• Congress could not enact laws, establishing or prohibiting any religion.
• Marriage was a civil contract.
• No religious institution could acquire real property or capital taxes on them, with the sole exception established in Article 27 of the Constitution.
• A promise to speak the truth and to fulfill contracted obligations replaced a religious oath.
• No one could be compelled to give personal works without their full consent. 
• The State could not allow any contract, covenant or agreement that provided for the loss or irrevocable sacrifice of the freedom of man, whether due to work, education or religious vow.

Anti Catholicism as an element of Mexican politics dated back to its earliest independence movements, and like the rise of protestantism in France and England, a desire to appropriate the property and wealth of the Church had a great deal to deal with it, although taking over the Church's obligations to the poor on the other hand were typically left to political theory, save in England where it was simply ignored.  Mexico's first Constitution (1824) provided that it was to perpetually be a Catholic state, but hostility set in by 1857 when Benito Juárez attacked the property rights and possessions of the Church. Many of the figures of the 1854 1855 Revolution of Ayutla had been Freemasons and anticlericists.  

This had caused the supporters of tradition and religion to back the Second Mexican Empire, which of course turned out badly.  Anticlericalism was moderated under Porfirio Díaz, but revived during the Mexican Revolution, save for the followers of Zapata.

Ultimately, this would lead to the Cristero War, but even with its end, the Mexican government remained strongly hostile up until very recent years to the Catholic Church, having an overall impact on the practice of the faith in Mexico.  Open repression mostly ended with the election of Catholic Manuel Ávila Camacho (1940–46) and most of the remaining official repressive statutes ended under  President Carlos Salinas in 1992.

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Tuesday, September 22, 1874. 1874 Hong Kong Typhoon.

Labels: 1870s, 1874, China, Disaster, Hong Kong, Weather

Thursday, September 16, 1824. Death of King Louis XVIII.

 

Louis XVIII, King of France, died.

He reigned from 3 May 1814 until 20 March 1815, and then again from 8 July 1815 – 16 September 1824, following the defeat of Napoleon.  He was succeeded by Charles X.

He introduced a parliamentary form of government, payed off French indemnity imposed by the Napoleonic Wars, modernized the French Army.

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Sunday, August 29, 1824. Battle of Gerontas (Ναυμαχία του Γέροντα).

Labels: 1820s, 1824, Battle of Gerontas (Ναυμαχία του Γέροντα), Greece, Greek Navy, Greek War of Independence, Ottoman Empire, Ottoman Navy

Sunday, August 29, 1824. Battle of Gerontas (Ναυμαχία του Γέροντα).

The Battle of Gerontas (Ναυμαχία του Γέροντα) was fought in the southeast Aegean, seeing 75 small Greek vessels defeat an Ottoman armada of 100 vessels contributed by various parts of the Ottoman Empire.  The engagement was one of the most significant of the Greek War of Independence, fought from 1821 to 1829, which freed Greece from Ottoman rule.

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Tuesday, August 24, 1824. Shipping Up To Boston with Lafayette.

Labels: 1820s, 1824, American Revolution, Boston, Bunker Hill, Personalities, United States

Sunday, August 28, 1774. Mother Seton.

 

St. Elizabeth Ann Bayley Seton SC was born in the Colony of New York, in the city by that name.  Her prominent parents were protestants, as the overwhelming majority of those in the thirteen lower colonies were, with her mother being an Anglican daughter of an Anglican priest.  She married William Magee Seton, a wealthy 25 year old businessman, at when she was 19.  Both she and William were devout members of Trinity Episcopal Church.  Upon the death of her father in law, the family took in their six young in laws which added to their five children.

The undeclared war with Republican France that was fought on the seas between 1798 and 1800 rendered the merchant family bankruptcy, showing as an aside why the later War of 1812 was unpopular in New England, which depended upon trade with England.  In 1803 William was sent to Italy to convalesce due to tuberculosis but died in the British city of Leghorn where he was quarantine.  She was introduced to Catholicism while in Europe by Flippo and Antonia Filicchi, her husband's business partners, and converted in New York on March 14, 1805.  She began to become involved in education and then became a nun, founding a congregation dedicated to the care of children and the poor.

She died in 1821 at age 46.   Two of her daughters predeceased her.  A third, Catherine Seton, entered the Sisters of Mercy and is being considered as a candidate for a cause of Sainthood.

She was canonized in 1975.

Last edition:

Saturday, August 27, 1774. Resolution of the First North Carolina Provincial Congress.

Labels: 1770s, 1774, American Revolution, North Carolina