US radio stations stood silent between 10:00 and 11:00, EST, for international broadcasting tests. Radio broadcasts from the UK, France and Spain were heard as far west as the American Midwest.
The USS Los Angeles was commissioned.
Lita Grey (Lillita Louise MacMurray), actress, age 16, married Charlie Chaplin, age 35. She was pregnant. Grey was his second wife, and it was the second time he's married a teenager, Mildred Harris of Cheyenne Wyoming being 17 when they wed following a pregnancy scare.
Had the couple not married, Chaplin faced the possibility of being arrested for statutory rape.
They would have two children during their troubled marriage.
She'd go on to have three more marriages before dying in 1995 at the age of 87.
Roncalio, a lawyer from Rock Springs, and a veteran of D-Day, was a Democrat.
Nearly everyone in Rock Springs was.
At that time, one of our two Senators, Gale McGee, a former University of Wyoming professor, was also a Democrat.
Now, to use the term "Democrat", even in street speech, is slanderous in the state. It's like calling somebody a wife beater or something. Republicans vying to be as extreme as possible accuse their fellow Republicans of being Democrats (even though many of those who do that routinely are imports from the South or elsewhere and are really, even if they don't know it, Dixiecrats or Rust Belt Democrats).
Gale McGee was our Senator until 1977, when he was replaced by Malcolm Wallop, a very conservative Wyomingite of English peerage, in a race in which it appeared that McGee didn't really have any interest in running. McGee was our last Democratic Senator, and he simply gave the race to Wallop.
Roncalio served in the House in 1978. He didn't run for reelection. He was replaced by Dick Cheney in a race that pitted Cheney, fresh out of the Ford Administration, against Cheyenne attorney Bill Bagley. Cheney won with about 60% of the vote against a lawyer who is now forgotten, but who held on in practice too long. Interestingly, showing part of how we got to where we are now, one of his county chairs was a then Democrat who would later be in the legislature as a very conservative Republican.
That's telling, as a whole herd of Democrats who were later conservative Republicans share that history in the state.
No Democrat has gone to Washington from Wyoming since 1978, but the party remained significant and a power well after that. It twice took the Governor's office and twice reelected Democratic Governors, with the last Democrat leaving Cheyenne in that role as recently as 2011. Either one of the Democratic Governor's could have had a House, and maybe a Senate, seat if they had wanted one. The Democrats routinely took the Secretary of State's office for much of the 20th Century, with the last Democratic Secretary of State, Kathy Karpan, leaving office in 1995. Karpan went on to become the director of the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement in 1997, being the first woman to hold that position, and being unanimously confirmed back when Congress still did its job. Like Governors Sullivan and Freudenthal, Karpan could have stepped into the House or perhaps the Senate if she had wanted to.
Freudenthal remains a significant figure in Wyoming politics.
The last really significant Wyomingite to make a serious run for office with a serious chance of success was Mary Thorne, a lawyer who ran against Governor Gordon in 2018. There have been other real Democrats who have run for office, with Sergio Maldonado for State Superintendent of Education coming to mind, but since the mid 1990s It's become increasingly difficult and many of the Sullivan/Freudenthal Democrats have dropped out of the party, in part because of the Democratic leftward (and anti-democratic) drift, and in part because at some point being a Democrat was pointless and the Republican primary race became the real election.
2022 really demonstrated the direction that the cancer of Donald Trump had brought about.
In 2022 the Republican Primary became a referendum on Donald Trump, with the Wyoming electorate, influenced by the import of Rust Belt and Dixie immigrants into the state, basically giving the insurrectionist a big wet kiss on the mouth by tossing out Liz Cheney. The whole thing was more than a little ironic, as Cheney, who had risen to her office late in her occupation of it, really was never a Wyomingite in the first place, but the party dearly loved her, in no small part because it had embraced Dick Cheney, after having elected him cynically originally. The Cheney's aren't Wyomingites and Dick Cheney had only won as the voters in 1978 were given a choice between somebody who seemed to have influence in Washington, Cheney had been Ford's Chief of Staff, and a Cheyenne lawyer who had, if I recall correctly, held off a challenge from a younger Casper lawyer who later became a Federal judge. Wyomingites of that era were pretty practical and cynical, and they never developed a love for their politicians like occured later. Cheney seemed to do a good job, so he held office. Liz Cheney won as the primary split the vote three ways. Chance are high had that not occured, Tim Stubson would have been our Congressman, and have gone on to suffer the same fate as Cheney by not searing allegiance to the Dear Leader for life.
Hageman was a Cheney acolyte but was good at reading the wind and beat out her former friend. Her competition was Lynette Grey Bull, a really interesting Democrat who had run twice and who drew 24.4% of the vote in spite of the times, in spite of being a Democrat, and in spite of being a Native American.
Who will run now.
Since 2020 the State's GOP has gone into a civil war, with the old party at war with the "Freedom Caucus", one of whose (California migrant) members wrote an op ed in the Tribune which clearly indicates their intent to wage a second Stalingrad in the 2022 Legislature. Two county organizations, Natrona and Laramie Counties, are in revolt against the GOP Central Committee who has fully adopted the Meine Ehre heißt Treue ethos. Hageman hasn't been as noisy as might be expected, in part because she probably correctly read the tea leaves over the trouble that Trump ass-kisser Kevin McCarthy was in for not kissing even more private parts before he fell to a quiet and scary Johnson. The House of Representatives had done nothing this term, and is on the edge of losing power due to attrition. Pundits claim that the GOP will gain House seats in 2022, but they claimed that about 2020 as well. The stench of Trump kept that from happening.
And so we have a non-functioning democracy, locally.
No Democrat can win any office in 2022. The House and one Senate seat will be up, and both of the Republicans contending for those positions will pledge their true honor to the Leader without question. Some in the race to come this year will go further with a full-blown Ein Volk, ein Reich, ein Führer appeal. The Senate primary will see a GOP opportunistic upstart attempting to claim that John Barrasso is a "RINO", which really means that he's not a Dixiecrat or Rust Belt Democrat. While I've discounted that campaign, I don't really put it past it that it has a chance of success.
Will any Democrats run?
I sure hope so. And I mean a real Democrat, not the Left Wing Flavor Of The Month Democrats that the party has been fielding in some races locally. Putting up somebody who self declares to be a homosexual polyamorus trangendered drag queen Pacific Islander is not going to win any hearts at all, and really isn't believeable (the same people would decarel themselves to be cocker spaniels if that was edgy, or Orthodox starets if that was edgy). Soembody like Sullivan, Fruendenthal, Karpen, Thorne, or, once again, Grey Bull.
But who can be asked to be a sacrificial lamb.
Well, somebody had to be.
The state's honor, and the preservation of democracy, require it. With no choices now, we get further down the road to there being no choices, ever.
The Democrats are faced with that burden. What little there is the way of third parties here do as well.
The Western Allies commenced "round the clock bombing" of the Third Reich.
A few things about this are worth noting.
It was essentially a massive upgrading of another theater, this one the skies over Germany, in which the Soviet Union, which lacked a heavy strategic bomber capacity, and which was not strategically placed to join in it, was absent. The Soviets were of course also absent from the Battle of the Atlantic.
While it can't be expected that they would be in either, the fact that the Western Allies carried on these significant efforts benefited the USSR as well as the Western Allies, something that Soviet and now Russian recollections of the war choose to forget.
Also controversial is the extent to which the raids were actually effective. German production went up during the war, so the question is whether strategic bombing depressed it from being higher, or simply disrupted it in other ways. The latter certainly occurred, but to what extent the former did is an open question.
The 15th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Latvian), came into existence. The unit was made up of Latvian volunteers, and conscripts, who harbored the naive hope that serving the Germans would lead to post-war Latvian independence.
While naive, and inexcusably associated with the SS, this is an example of the "war within a war" nature of the Second World War. The Baltic States, along with Ukraine and Poland, would particularly be associated with various armed efforts against the Soviets, some of which were completely independent of association with the Germans, while some, outside of Poland, were. Many of the partisan type movements, which this obviously was not, carried on fighting for some time after the war.
Of note, Latvian resistance to the Soviet Union remained fairly strong up until 1949 and remained a factor the Soviets had to consider into the early 50s. The last violent acts by Latvian resistance forces occurred in the 1980s and the last Forest Brother, Jānis Pīnups, who had deserted from the Red Army during World War Two when wounded and left for dead, came in from hiding in 1995.
Regarding the Baltic States and the SS, during the war Estonia also contributed volunteers to "foreign legion" SS units, that being the 20th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Estonian) The Latvians would contribute a second one, that being the 19th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (2nd Latvian). Because the units contained conscripts, the US regarded them as not complicate in the criminal nature of the SS after the war.
What I'd forgotten, until I read an item on the Tribune on the Colorado story, is that this past week marks the 25th anniversary of their reintroduction into Wyoming. Here's the short snipped about it on our companion blog, Today In Wyoming's History:
It's odd to think that something I had a minor involvement in, in the form of a legal commentator, is now sufficiently far in the past that it's history.
It's also odd to think it's only 25 years ago.
Twenty five years ago I wasn't married, but I was about to be. Our marriage would take place that upcoming March, so we were engaged and only a few months out from getting married. I'd have placed wolf reintroduction further back in time from that for some reason.
That I would is an odd thought in and of itself as the article I co authored on the topic was published in the spring of 1990, five years prior. For some reason I'd have placed the actual reintroduction around 1993 or so, but why that sticks out in my mind I'm not sure. That year in general sticks out in my mind as my father died that April. It wasn't a great year. Not every one is.
I'd first experience wolves myself in 2000. I was hunting near the park in a very warm year and I'd drawn both a sheep tag and a moose tag, something that you really don't want to do. Hunting moose, by myself south of the park, I heard them howling at night. I saw them early one morning when I was hunting one side of a swamp, and they were hunting the other side.
In 2011, when the photograph taken above was snapped by me, on a cell phone, they were in Natrona County. Their presence where I took that photo was a very open secret at that time, but I didn't know they were there until I took the photo. A couple of years went by, that photo is only eight years old, and a pack had established itself in the farming district just outside of Casper. The U.S. Fish & Wildlife had to intervene in that as it was a heavily agricultural area and livestock losses were inevitable, but the wolves reportedly remain on the east side of Casper Mountain.
In 1990, when wolf reintroduction in Wyoming was a hot topic, I recall seeing speakers on it and I've already written on that. But one thing I knew then and recall thinking was baloney was how the propaganda on wolves de natured them, if you will.
Wolves would never leave the park, it was claimed. Wolves wouldn't harm anything. Tales about wolves and their nature, including their killing of humans in times past, were all fairy tales.
In actuality, it was obvious right from the onset that wolves would leave the park. What wasn't appreciated was how rapid their advance would really be. It's been blistering in real terms. Twenty five years ago only seems like a long time if you are fairly young. It's less than half of my lifetime and it's not a long time.
That provides a good reason not to reintroduce wolves to Colorado. A natural reintroduction is always better than a forced one. The process in Wyoming wasn't smooth and it took about 20 years to work it out. Part of the reason for that was that the level of trust was very low, made low in part by their advocates telling fables that immediately turned out not to be true.
Indeed, as I felt then, and as I still feel now, it's not the wolves that cause the problems. It's their advocates. The advocates don't really have to live with them the way that a declining number of people who really live outdoors do. Most of those people aren't really opposed to wolves themselves, but rather the fantasies of the advocates.
Scenes of days gone by. . . which doesn't mean that they never happened.
