Monday, September 5, 2022

Wednesday, September 5, 1972. An Olympic Tragedy

On this day in 1972 the Palestinian terrorist organization Black September attacked the Israeli quarters at the Olympic village in Munich, killing two athletes and taking nine hostages.

Black September was named for the failed Palestinian attempt to overthrow the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan in September 1970, an event which was a Palestinian disaster. This event itself led to the Palestinians being expelled from Jordan and going to Lebanon.  The organization's connection with the Palestinian Liberation Organization has never been clear, but it is clear that there was one.  In 1973 the PLO caused the shutting down of the organization, whose violent acts had not been successful in engendering any support for the Palestinian cause.

This is an event I can recall happening, and oddly enough I believe I learned about it after the family went swimming on a Wednesday afternoon, something that was pretty common for us to do.  Indeed, we swam a lot during the summer, and almost always did on Saturday afternoons and often on Sunday afternoons.  It wasn't a tradition I kept up with my own family, but I probably should have.  The day prior Mark Spitz had won his seventh gold medal at the Olympics, the first athlete to do so.

Mark Spitz at the 1972 Olympics.

Spitz, then only 22 years of age, retired from swimming after the 72 Olympics, but competed again in 199w after filmmaker Bud Greenberg offered  him $1,000,0000 if he made the team that year. He failed to do so by only two seconds.

Spitz had intended to become a dentist, but the Olympics interrupted that pursuit, and he did not resume it after 1992, other opportunities having developed.  He married the next year and the couple have two children.

Saturday, September 5, 1942. British victory in the desert.

The Battle of Alam el Halfa, part of the larger First Battle of Tobruk, concluded with an Allied victory. 

Today in World War II History—September 5, 1942: Japanese reach Owen Stanley Gap in drive toward Port Moresby, New Guinea. New song in Top Ten: “I’ve Got a Gal in Kalamazoo.”

From Sarah Sundin's blog.

And, from the sadly inactive Today World War II Day By Day:

Guadalcanal. Just before 1 AM, Japanese destroyers Yudachi, Hatsuyuki and Murakumo shell Henderson Field as they return from landing troops at Taivu. A US Navy PBY Catalina floatplane drops flares to illuminate the attackers but instead lights up US fast transport ships (converted WWI-era destroyers) USS Gregory and USS Little in Savo Sound, which are promptly sunk by Yudachi (USS Gregory 22 killed, 43 wounded; USS Little 62 killed, 27 wounded; survivors from both ships rescued by US destroyer USS Manley). During the day off Santa Isabel Island, US Cactus Air Force operating from Henderson Field again sinks barges carrying heavy equipment for the Japanese troops on Guadalcanal.

The Red Army drove into the Sinyavino Gap, closing to within 3.5 miles of the Leningrad lines. They were, however, exhausted and could not advance further.  On the same day, the Soviet 24th and 66th Armies counterattacked the XIV Panzer Corp at Stalingrad, but their progress was halted due to the Luftwaffe.

The Saturday Evening Post, which I can't put up here due to copyright restrictions for 1942, published a classic in its Willie Gillis series with two young women both picking up photos of Gillis, from Gillis, at  their mailboxes.  The title of the illustration was "Trouble for Gillis".  On the same Saturday, The New Yorker published an illustration of male war workers looking out with envy at the lunches of their female coworkers.  The Toronto Star Weekly featured an illustration of charging Soviet cavalrymen.

Tuesday, September 5, 1922. East Thrace, Missoula, San Diego. Big Pictures, the result of the Greek Defeat, Air Records, Motorcyle Races.

Missoula from Penwell block, September 5, 1922.

Turkey stated a demand for East Thrace, which had been ceded to Greece in 1920.

East Thrace.

This meant that Turkey was declaring that it wanted to reclaim recently lost territory, lost to Greece, across the Bosporus.  This would of course give it completely control of the straits, and hence entry into the Black Sea.

Greeks had comprised about 38% of the population there before the Greco Turkish War, and Bulgarians about 4.3%.  Bulgarians had been subject to a pre-war set of expulsions and violence due to the Balkan Wars that foreshadowed World War One which, at the same time, increased the Muslim population as Muslims fled into the area for refuge due to Ottoman lands being lost elsewhere.  Greeks would now be subject to the coming population exchange between Turkey and Greece, which also impacted the remaining Bulgarians.  In 1934 the Jewish population was expelled in the Thrace Pogroms.

Today, 15% of the Turkish population lives in the region.


Dealing with speed of a different type, motorcycle racer Billy Denham was photographed at a motorcycle race.



Denham is wearing elements of the wool U.S. Army uniform of the period, to at least the extent that he's wearing a wool service shirt.  Note also that he's wearing a tie, something you wouldn't see a motorcycle racer wear now, and for good reason.
 

Sunday, September 4, 2022

Forgeddaboutit?

First of all, let me note that I’m not accusing Trump of being in the mob.

I just found this interesting, and I unfortunately find it a sad and interesting look at how things were (hopefully not still are) in business, on the East Coast.

Back in December 2019, not all that long ago really, and running up to the election that following year, Rolling Stone published an article written by Seth Hettena entitled:

The Real-Life Mob Families of ‘The Irishman’? Donald Trump Knew Them

The president and his associates have long histories with the Mafia figures who populate Scorsese's film

The article was written because The Irishman had just been released on television.1

Rolling Stone noted how the central characters in the film were now all dead, quite of a few of them because of mob hits, which also wasn't what the film was about.  It was about two very elderly men who are still living.  One of them was Donald Trump. As the article states:

Well, many still remember. One person who knew the real-life mob families that show up in The Irishman is President Donald Trump.

And it goes on:

Back in the 1980s and 1990s, Trump’s buildings and his casinos attracted underworld figures like “Fat Tony” Salerno, the Fedora-wearing, cigar-chomping boss of the Genovese crime family. Salerno, who’s portrayed in the film by Domenick Lombardozzi, supplied the fast-drying concrete that built Trump Tower and other Trump properties. Salerno also controlled the local concrete workers union, and when a strike shut down construction in Manhattan in 1982, the one of the few buildings that wasn’t affected was Trump Tower.

The Irishman is based on the 2003 book I Heard You Paint Houses: Frank “The Irishman” Sheeran & Closing the Case on Jimmy Hoffa, by Charles Brandt. (The title is a reference to the special kind of painting Sheeran did that left his victims’ brains on the wall.) The book is full of characters who didn’t make it into the movie, but they did surface in Trump’s world. One is Philadelphia mob boss Philip Testa, the “chicken man” whose 1981 murder by nail bomb Bruce Springsteen sings about in the song “Atlantic City.” Testa’s son sold Trump premium land that became a casino parking lot. Another figure in the book is Testa’s successor, Nicodemus “Little Nicky” Scarfo, whose associates tried to lease Trump land for his casino in Atlantic City — until New Jersey casino regulators quashed the deal.

And it goes on:

In 1983, the year Trump Tower opened its doors, the future president reportedly met the Genovese family boss. The common thread linking Salerno and Trump was Roy Cohn, the infamous lawyer who represented both men. Cohn, the heavy-lidded henchman to Senator Joseph McCarthy, introduced the two men in his Manhattan townhouse, according to the late journalist Wayne Barrett. Under oath, Trump swore that wasn’t true, but he also swore that he didn’t know that Cohn represented Salerno, a fact that had been widely reported in Cohn’s obituary a few years earlier.

And it’s not just Trump who has links to the world depicted in The Irishman. It also overlapped with some of the figures in Trump’s world, past and present. Roger Stone, Trump’s longtime political adviser, also met Salerno when he visited Cohn’s Manhattan brownstone. This was in 1979, and Stone had been tapped to run Ronald Reagan’s political operation in New York. Cohn, dressed in a silk bathrobe, introduced Stone to the mobster and then offered to help him with the Reagan campaign. Cohn’s advice would change the course of Stone’s life: “What you need is Donald Trump.” Cohn sent the young political operative off to meet the up-and-coming real estate developer. It was a path that would lead 40 years later to Stone’s conviction last month on charges of lying to Congress about his contacts with WikiLeaks.

Ooo. . . ick.

And there's more:

In March 1986, Giuliani announced that a grand jury had indicted Salerno and others on charges that included rigging construction bids. Trump Plaza, a co-op apartment building on Manhattan’s East Side, was specifically mentioned in the 29-count indictment. Salerno arranged things so his concrete company got a $7.8 million contract at Trump Plaza. It just so happens that while these bids were being rigged, the building was under construction, right around the time that Trump met Salerno in Cohn’s townhouse. Even so, the indictment makes it clear that the bid-rigging occurred without the knowledge of developers.

The FBI had uncovered the concrete bid-rigging scheme at Trump Plaza by secretly bugging Mafia homes and hangouts, including the Palma Boys Social Club, where DeNiro and his “rabbi” Russell Bufalino, played by Joe Pesci, sit down with Salerno in Scorsese’s film. Giuliani, by his own account, listened to countless hours of secretly recorded conversations of mobsters, and he reportedly was able to pull off a convincing impression of the mobster’s scratchy voice. “When you listen to those guys for thousands of hours, you can’t help but sound like them,” Giuliani once said.

Well that explains a lot.

But it wasn't limited to Trump, another was. . . Joe Biden.

Trump wasn’t the only one who knew the people in the world of The Irishman. In addition to being a hit man, Sheeran was president of a local Teamsters union in Delaware. In 1972, shortly before Election Day, a prominent lawyer who was very big in the Democratic Party came to see him. There were some political ads that would run in the local newspaper every day in the last week before election, and the lawyer didn’t want them to run. So Sheeran set up a picket line outside the newspaper, and he knew the Teamsters union drivers who delivered the paper wouldn’t cross it. So the ads were never delivered, and on Election Day, Delaware had a new senator: a young man named Joe Biden. After that, Sheeran said Biden’s door was always open. “You could reach out for him, and he would listen,” he wrote.

The Biden story isn’t in the movie. There wasn’t room enough for everyone to make it into Scorsese’s epic Mafia biopic, but Salerno does — and with good reason. Salerno ran the most powerful of New York’s five Mafia families. “I’m the fucking boss, that’s who I am,” Salerno once boasted in a secretly recorded conversation. “Connecticut is mine; New Jersey is mine.” Nothing got built in New York without Salerno dipping his meaty hand into the till.

I think that last line is correct.  The Mafia was thick into unions, and it controlled a lot.  Unfortunately, that means that it dealt with conventional businessmen and politicians a lot as well.  This is foreign to a lot of the country, however, and it really never develops in the news, beyond the rumor stage, and it isn't likely to now.

Footnotes:

1.  To my surprise, I haven't done a review of the excellent film yet.  I'll have to do one.  It is well worth watching.

2. According to an article in Politico by David Cay Johnston:

There was something a little peculiar about the construction of Trump Tower, and subsequent Trump projects in New York. Most skyscrapers are steel girder construction, and that was especially true in the 1980s, says John Cross of the American Iron & Steel Institute. Some use pre-cast concrete. Trump chose a costlier and in many ways riskier method: ready-mix concrete. Ready-mix has some advantages: it can speed up construction, and doesn’t require costly fireproofing. But it must be poured quickly or it will harden in the delivery truck drums, ruining them as well as creating costly problems with the building itself. That leaves developers vulnerable to the unions: the worksite gate is union controlled, so even a brief labor slowdown can turn into an expensive disaster.

Salerno, Castellano and other organized crime figures controlled the ready-mix business in New York, and everyone in construction at the time knew it. So did government investigators trying to break up the mob, urged on by major developers such as the LeFrak and Resnick families. Trump ended up not only using ready-mix concrete, but also paying what a federal indictment of Salerno later concluded were inflated prices for it – repeatedly – to S & A Concrete, a firm Salerno and Castellano owned through fronts, and possibly to other mob-controlled firms. As Barrett noted, by choosing to build with ready-mix concrete rather than other materials, Trump put himself “at the mercy of a legion of concrete racketeers.”

Salerno and Castellano and other mob families controlled both the concrete business and the unions involved in delivering and pouring it. The risks this created became clear from testimony later by Irving Fischer, the general contractor who built Trump Tower. Fischer said concrete union “goons” once stormed his offices, holding a knife to throat of his switchboard operator to drive home the seriousness of their demands, which included no-show jobs during construction of Trump Tower.

But with Cohn as his lawyer, Trump apparently had no reason to personally fear Salerno or Castellanoat least, not once he agreed to pay inflated concrete prices. What Trump appeared to receive in return was union peace. That meant the project would never face costly construction or delivery delays.

Movies In History: Kleo


Kleo is a new, just released, German Netflix series.  I literally stumbled on it, as I haven't watched Netflix for a while, but I was temporarily idled due to medical fun and games and there was literally nothing worth watching on regular television.  I started watching it as it the summation of it on Netflix suggested it'd be the sort of movie I might like.  I like spy films and mysteries, and I'm not wholly adverse to shoot 'em ups, even when, or perhaps particularly when, they're superficial.

Well, it exceeded my expectation.

Set in the 1980s, the eight part series is frankly very difficult to describe.  It follows the story of East German female Stasi (East German state police) assassin Kleo Straub as she goes from being an "unofficial agent" of the Stasi whose job is killing targets they designate, to being set up and imprisoned, to being released in 1989 as East Germany begins to collapse, at which time she's dedicated to finding those who wrongly accused her and killing them.

And that's all just in the first episode.

Added to that, we have a failed West German policeman who was present in The Big Eden, a nightclub, the night that Kleo performs her last killing for the DDR, who can never get quite over it and who, upon Kleo's release, realizes that she's the woman he identified as the killer the night of the murder.

All of that doesn't do it justice, however.

The film features far more twists and turns than most spy movies, and makes the tricky loyalties in the John Wick films look like child's play. Kleo, the assassin herself, played by Jella Haase, is impossible not to like, even though she's clearly partially unhinged and trying to get through life with a badly damaged soul.  Sven Petzold, the detective, is dogged in his pursuit, but he's also hapless and somewhat incompetent in his job.  Indeed, as an example, it's obvious about halfway through the film that Sven at first deeply likes Kleo and then is falling in love with her even though she's so messed up that he has to at one point make her promise to quit killing people, which she does simply because he requests it, not because she has any real concept of right and wrong beyond being a dedicated Communist.

None of this, however, comes close to actually describing the plot.

In terms of its history, which is why we review certain films here, this film does a good job of capturing the atmosphere of the times in Germany and Europe.  The East Germans, whom in this film are mostly those associated with the Communist government, can hardly gasp what is happening to them as their government collapses.  As many of them are its agents, they're dedicated to an institution that's collapsing for the most part, while some of them are rapidly moving on into capitalism.  The West Germans are pretty willing to take advantage of the situation.  More than that, however, West Germany is shown to have become a multicultural post Volk society, whereas East Germany has not, something even demonstrated by the actors chosen in the film.  All of the East German characters are figures that we'd recognize from classic films involving the Germans of World War Two, even though that is not what they are portraying. They're all very German (although some of the actors actually are not).  The West Germans, however, appear not only more modern and 1980s "cool", but many of them are clearly not ethnically German, that most obviously being the case for West German intelligence agent Min Sun, who is played by Chinese-born, but German raised, Yun Huang.

Backgrounds are correct for the period, including the funky German techno music that plays a role in the series.  Clothing is as well, with that also providing a difference between the East and the West.  Firearm wise the maker was careful to equip the East Germans with Soviet type handguns, whereas the West Germans carry the iconic German PPK.

The film includes reference to actual characters from the period, and not just in the greater sense of being background for the times.  The head of the East German police is a character in the film and not fictionalized as to name, for instance.  Margot Honecker, Erich Honecker's third wife, shows up as a character.  These insertions are done so well, that offhand references to fictional events become difficult to distinguish from ones that didn't happen, as in references to the "woman who attempted to kill Reagan" and the details of that event, which never occurred.

This being a German movie, it should be noted that there is seemingly an obligation that Haase be seen topless at some point.  In this case, the nudity is basically limited to a single scene, but it's quite graphic.  There must be a clause in the contracts for German actresses that they have to appear nude at some point in a film.

Anyhow, It's very well done and with watching.

As a note, this is a German language movie, but it has well done English subtitles.  An option to listen to it with British English dubbing is available, but I don't care for that much personally.  The subtitles are very close translations of the German, with departures due to German idioms that don't granslate perfectly.

Saturday, September 3, 2022

Best Posts of the Week of August 28, 2022

The best posts of the week of August 28, 2022.

Saturday, August 29, 1942. The appearance of the Tiger 1.











Poster Saturday: British Recruiting Poster, late 1960s.

On modern medicine

As I wrote here the other day, I went in for a colonoscopy.

I'm almost a decade past the point where you are supposed to get one.  Just too busy, I guess, to have made it in back then, or in between, when I should have.  Having said that, a couple of my contemporaries I know very well only made it in recently as well.

In my last post on this topic, I discussed the statistics of colon cancer.  What I learned in my colonoscopy was that I have a polyp that was too big to be removed, and now I'll have to have surgery to address it.

The doctor is nearly certain that its not cancerous, but it has to be removed.  He also basically indicated it would turn to cancer if it wasn't removed, at some point.  Not yet, basically, but some day.

Which puts me in that statistic in a way.

Lesson learned.

Another lesson learned, however, is that this also puts me in the class of people who'd die early on for sure but for modern medicine.  A sobering thought.  We all imagine ourselves living until 102 worry free, but that isn't the case for most of us.  Lots of us make it further now than we would have, thanks to modern medicine.

USS Texas arrives - Salute and Answer

Battleship Texas USS Texas BB35 Arrives in Galveston Texas After Move Fr...

September 3, 1942. Germans take Pitomnik


By this day in 1942 the Germans had taken 1,500,000 since the commencement of Operation Barbarossa.

The Germans took Pitomnik Airfield in Stalingrad on this day.  It would become the main German airfield during the battle, although there were six additional ones.

The British suffered setbacks at Alam el Halfa when an attack went amiss, leaving the British without armor support.

Franco removed Phalangist Ramón Serrano Suñer as Spanish Foreign Minister due to the Basilica of Begona incident a few days prior.  As a result, Franco now had full control of the government.  The sacked foreign minister remained active in far right politics and died in 2003 at the age of 101.

Friday, September 2, 2022

It's clear that I've put up too many posts recently. . .

part of living in interesting times, but it makes the blog a mess.

Time to back off and bring this back, once again, to its original purpose.

Defining the terms 2. What is fascism?

The term fascism or fascist is rally making a comeback, but what is fascism really?

It's surprisingly difficult to define.

Let's look at Merriam-Webster again.  It states:

Definition of fascism

1often capitalized a political philosophy, movement, or regime (such as that of the Fascisti) that exalts nation and often race above the individual and that stands for a centralized autocratic government headed by a dictatorial leader, severe economic and social regimentation, and forcible suppression of opposition
2a tendency toward or actual exercise of strong autocratic or dictatorial controlearly instances of army fascism and brutality

The first definition there is a pretty good one.  

If we take examples of fascist movements of the 20th Century, such as the Italian fascist, or the Spanish fascist, that's exactly what they stood for.  The nation defined by race, basically, and held above the individual with a central autocratic government.  In both of those instances, they further featured a corporatism economic system, which doesn't mean what it sounds like, but rather which is independent of the government and yet controlled by it. The same is true for labor unions.  They were normally allowed to exist, but subservient to the government and often consolidated.

Were the Nazis fascists? 

This has been debated, and it can be maintained that they were sui generis, and uniquely horrible.  Their economic concepts were also unique, although they tended not to be fully implemented, so they lacked that element of fascism.  On the other hand, they obviously had no regard for the rights of the individual, defined the nation and the "volk" as one, and were not democratic in any fashion.  Given that, it would seem that they were fascists.

Some like to claim that they were left wing socialist, but unless you look at the very early Nazi Party, which was still horrific, the claim for that isn't great.  Under Strasser, prior to Hitler, they did start out that way, but under Hitler they abandoned that pretty quickly.

An important thing to keep in mind here is that all the elements for fascism have to be there to really make a political movement fascistic.  Even at that, unless a party outright claims the title, which is pretty rare post World War Two, it can be difficult to define.  I.e, not all autocratic regimes are fascist in nature. For example, it wouldn't be proper to regard Porfirio Diaz as a fascist.  He was an autocrat, however. 

Defining the terms 1. Yes, we're a democracy (and a republic as well).

The American system of government is democratic. We are a democracy

There's an odd objection in some quarters that arises from time to time to calling the US a democracy. At other times, we're proud of it.  During World War One we became, for instance, the Arsenal of Democracy.  Not the Arsenal of Republics.

Here's the deal.

Let's define democracy.

Merriam-Webster states the following:

Some might say, well so what, but that's about as good of set of definitions as any.

Given as we're discussing, principally, the means of choosing our leaders, we can probably exclude topics 3, 4, and 5, for the most part.

That leaves categories 1 and 2.

Some people, on this topic, like to say "we're a republic, not a democracy".  That displays, however, an erroneous understanding of what a republic is.

Let's go to the same source.  It states:

Definition of republic

1a(1)a government having a chief of state who is not a monarch and who in modern times is usually a president
(2)a political unit (such as a nation) having such a form of government
b(1)a government in which supreme power resides in a body of citizens entitled to vote and is exercised by elected officers and representatives responsible to them and governing according to law
(2)a political unit (such as a nation) having such a form of government
ca usually specified republican government of a political unitthe French Fourth Republic
2a body of persons freely engaged in a specified activitythe republic of letters
3a constituent political and territorial unit of the former nations of Czechoslovakia, the Soviet Union, or Yugoslavia

We can obviously exclude 2 and 3 here.

Categories 1(a)(b) and (c) apply to the United States.

We choose our national legislature through democratic means.  We vote for them.  That makes us a democratic republic.

We're a democracy and a republic, just as the United Kingdom is a parliamentary democracy.

The United States has always been a democracy, but over time, its democratic nature has expanded enormously.  Only men could vote originally.  Indeed, in some colonies only propertied men could vote.  Native Americans and the enslaved couldn't vote, no matter where they were born, either.  Now all of this is in the past, and the voting age is 18, which it was not originally.

Also, we directly elect Senators, which was at one time not the case.  They were originally chosen by State Legislatures, although some case can be made that this might have worked better than the current system.

Operating against this, as the government has expanded enormously, certain legislative functions have been turned over to regulatory bodies, which do not function democratically, although they are required to take public input for their decisions.  And the Court started acting extra judicially in the 20th Century, which isn't democratic.  Both of these things have recently been scaled back, which has been a subject of controversy.

And we're not a "pure democracy".  No modern nation is.  A pure democracy is one in which the citizens vote on everything.  Examples of that are rare, with only ancient Athens coming to mind.  A pure democracy wouldn't work, for obvious reasons, for any sizable nation, or perhaps any modern nation of any type.

Before closing, we should note that we're a federal republic.  I.e, a system that brings in regions into the larger government.  So, once again, our national legislature is based upon regions, i.e., states.  We're not the only nation to have such an arrangement, by any means. Many do, and the varieties of that vary enormously.

Before we depart, the United States has traditionally been a "Liberal Democracy", which doesn't mean what it might at first seem to mean.  The Collins Dictionary defines a Liberal Democracy as follows:

democracy based on the recognition of individual rights and freedoms, in which decisions from direct or representative processes prevail in many policy areas

Pretty broad, but other definitions get quite lengthy.

Recently we wrote on Illiberal Democracy.  Wikipedia defines Illiberal democracy as the following:

An illiberal democracy describes a governing system in which, although elections take place, citizens are cut off from knowledge about the activities of those who exercise real power because of the lack of civil liberties; thus it does not constitute an open society.

Proponents of illiberal democracy, and it does have proponents, would not define it that way. They'd probably define it as a system of government in which leaders are chosen democratically, but within an overarching set of agreed to principals and values which supersede and override democratic impulses, and control what can legitimately be debated.

Helpful?  Probably not much, but keeping in mind the deeper meaning of the terms is useful.

Basically, if people get to vote, and the vote determines the government, it's a democracy.  If people get to vote, but that doesn't matter, it isn't.

Verklepmt

This morning, I'd note, there's a pile of commentary that President Biden's speech was divisive.

Surely, this is absurd.

It might have been, but for a period of years now the GOP has been entertaining QAnon conspiracies and, running up to the election, the administration made an outright attempt to subvert it.  During this period, the leader of the party, Donald Trump, has been anything but conciliatory.  He's been mean, nasty and a liar.  Picking up on his lead, those who have run behind his flag have been as well.  This state will send into office, probably, two candidates who based their campaigns on his lies and were hardly nice in their campaigns.

For months around here, I've seen a few flags flying that outright state "Fuck Joe Biden", language that when I was growing up would not have been tolerated in this fashion about anyone.

And members of the GOP, like me, who have refused to follow in line are referred to by extreme right wing zealots, more than a few of whom started off as, and really still are, Rust Belt Democrats, as RINOs.

Well, have the vapors if you wish, but this would seem to demonstrate the old maxim that it's the stuck hog that squeals the loudest.