Today In Wyoming's History: The Casper Star Tribune decides to put out a book ...

Today In Wyoming's History: The Casper Star Tribune decides to put out a book ...: The Casper Star Tribune is collection pre 1940s photographs for a book on Casper's history up through 1939 that it's putting out.  I...

An example of your public lands

 

The Trapper's Route landing, a location on Bureau of Land Management property.

This land of multiple use is leased for grazing, and is near a trail still used by cattlemen. The area is frequented by hunters and fishermen, and there are camping spots not far off.

Here, however, is a boat landing, used extensively by fishermen on this blue ribbon trout stream.

Federal land. The land that some in Wyoming want to take away from the Federal government and have the state administer.  Or even own.  There's no reason that to believe the state could do any better. 

Monday at the Bar: Courthouses of the West: Sheridan County Drug Court, Sheridan Wyoming

Courthouses of the West: Sheridan County Drug Court, Sheridan Wyoming:

This court is now the "drug court", but it was pretty clearly an early courthouse in Sheridan that was preserved and later converted t this use. As the existing courthouse in Sheridan is quite old, my guess that this one doesn't predate the other (maybe) but that it might have served some other court rather than the district court.

Sunday Morning Scene: Churches of the West: St. Mark's Episocopal Cathedral, Salt Lake City Ut...

Churches of the West: St. Mark's Episocopal Cathedral, Salt Lake City Ut...: \

Movies In History: Band of Brothers

Band of Brothers

Before reading this entry, a person probably ought to read the entry for Saving Private Ryan.  This film isn't revolutionary in being highly materially accurate, as it followed in the wake of Saving Private Ryan which was revolutionary in those regards. Still, this movie not only met the standard (which isn't surprising given the involvement of the same people) but it mastered them. This includes odd material details, such as German horse usage, which is typically omitted from World War Two movies.

The film is of course based on the work of straight history by Ambrose, and it covers it very well, even including some things that were omitted in the book.  It undoubtedly stands as the most accurate single work on World War Two in Europe by leagues, and is a monument to both the American Army of World War Two and to this genera of film.  If a person was to see only one movie about the war in Europe (which would be a mistake), and if you wanted that movie to depict an American topic, this would be it.  And if a person is doing a study of films on the war that portray it accurately, this is a must see.

Postcript

I just noted in my review of Battleground that I was going to review this, and going back and looking at my earlier entries on "Movies In History", I saw that I already had.

I"m actually  suprised to see how short this entry was, as this is such a major cinematic work. but the summation is a good one. This film surpasses any other in historical accuracy and accuracy of material details.  It's excellent.

Indeed, in thinking about it, it occurs its so excellent that it might slightly skew the field in some ways. Taking one single company of the 101st Airborne, the movie might properly be viewed in context as representative of about any American infantry company of the war.  I think it is generally viewed that way, but the fact that the film portrays paratroopers of the 101st Airborne, and is a true story, has caused a degree of over focus on this particular company in this particular division.  The title said it well, Band of Brothers, but it's important to note that the same could be said of about any single ground combat unit of the US Army during the war, and the fact that this story is focused on this particular unit doesn't mean that this particular unit was truly unique.  As the only film following an American Army infantry unit from training all the way through past the German surrender, the film is not only excellent, but probably best regarded as representative of the entire class of American soldier during the war.

Again, excellent by any measure.

Friday Farming: Guest workers in sheep ranching

I haven't been following the story, but apparently the Federal government is about to impose a rule, maybe this week, which would redefine certain things about the "guest workers" which sheep ranchers rely upon. Specifically, it would have the impact of increasing their wages several fold. The industry is opposed to it.

Now, I like sheep and I like sheep ranching, although my direct exposure to it is fairly low.  So this may sound surprising, but I don't really buy off on the industries argument here.

The industry is really opposed to this change as they view it as economically devastating.  I don't buy it.

What I do think is the case is that we've seen a real evolution in sheep ranching since World War Two.  Up until the Second World War, and indeed for some time there after, we saw a lot of immigrant labor in sheep ranching to be sure, but we saw a lot of family labor too.  Almost anyone who had sheep in that period, and well into the 1980s, can tell you about spending plenty of time on sheep trails and in sheep trailers.  My wife, for example, can relate those stories.  Ranches had hired herders if they had enough sheep, but family members also spent a lot of time doing the same thing.  The herders themselves included a lot of Europeans, quite frankly, including Basque and Irish herders.  I can well recall Basque herders from my youth and at one time I sort of naively assumed that all sheep herders were Basque.

An interesting thing about this is that it was sort of commonly assumed that the European herders were born into this line of work, but that was never true.  The Basque in particular tended to have no experience in sheep tending until they got to  the US.  Rather, for cultural reasons it was easy for them to take the sheep herding jobs and  for many years this was a step into sheep ranching.  In later years it wasn't, as acquiring a ranch became too expensive, but it was a step into some other line of work.  The same is true of the Irish tenders, who typically were working for somebody they were related to in the US.

Now, there are no more Basque and Irish sheepherders. Economic conditions have changed in Europe and with that the desire, probably, to move to a foreign country and herd sheep had  gone.  Most of the herders now are foreign, and they're mostly from South America. Some are from Mexico, but I'd guess that right now there are more Peruvian herders than Mexican ones (and it's worth noting that economic conditions in Mexico have so improved over the last 20 years that the same story with Irish and Basque herders is likely playing itself out with Mexican herders).

Anyhow, the story always is that the ranchers rely on these guest workers and implicitly, they have to be paid very low wages in order to make this work out. The extended argument is that Americans won't do this work. 

Well, I doubt much of that is fully accurate. 

For one thing, I've tended to notice in recent years that sheep ranchers leave a lot of sheep untended.  They never would have done that in the past. As I see family members heavily involved in cattle ranching, I wonder what's going on with sheep ranching.  I'm sure that most family members on a sheep ranch don't want to live out their existence in a trailer, but as plenty have and do on cattle trails, I'd bet that they would for a time on sheep ranches too.

And I'm skeptical that no Americans will take these jobs.  Indeed, I've seen the phenomenon of young idealist college grads taking low paying agricultural jobs just to be part of it.  And I've also noted that there are quite a few young, and even old, men who take ag jobs as it suits them, even with the wages in the basement.  So, by paying really really low wages, the effect I think is to actually exclude Americans who would take the jobs if they could.

Of course, that would mean some changes to the industry to be sure, but part of that change might men more, but smaller, bands of sheep, on more family places.  That might very well be how the economics of that would work out.  And that would be okay.

The Big Speech: Aldo Leopold on farming.

There are two spiritual dangers in not owning a farm. One is the danger of supposing that breakfast comes from the grocery, and the other that heat comes from the furnace.

Aldo Leopold

 

Movies In History: Battleground

This movie was filmed in 1949 and released in 1950, making it one of the immediate post World War Two films.  It not only is a good one, it's one of the very best films about World War Two ever made.

The film follows a fictional squad in the 101st Airborne during the Battle of the Bulge.  Character development is excellent.  Minor details about the squad are highly accurate, which is perhaps because the film's director was a veteran of the battle (but not of the 101st).  Very unusual for its time, the characters are in fact somewhat cynical and display some probably typical emotions for any unit, even the 101st, including some degree of cowardliness in one character, and war weariness in many. 

Also unusual for a film of this era, material details are highly accurate. This is surprisingly uncommon for a film of the period, but this film gets them right.  Uniforms and equipment are not only correct, they're correct for an airborne unit of this period.

One of the best World War Two films made, this film stands with later small unit films like Saving Private Ryan or Platoon.  It's one of the few films of this era that doesn't suffer from the Saving Private Ryan effect, however, in that its material details are correct.  Well worth seeing.

The film featured a cast, it might be noted, that was excellent, but not featuring any of the huge stars of the era.  It made a star out of one of the characters, Denise Darcel, for her supporting role, but other actors in the film, like John Hodiak and Van Johnson were known, but not big names like John Wayne or Errol Flynn, for that era.  In some ways, that actually makes the film better, as there are no big names that dominate the ensemble cast.

Postscript

Because this blog has a history focus, and because the purpose of even mentioning movies here is to analyze them from an historical point of view it occurred to me that I missed something in this review that's actually quite significant.  Indeed it occured to me as I'm adding a selection of films here that are well known, but also all ran over the recent Memorial Day holiday.  One of those films was Band of  Brothers.

Now, I'll get around to  Band of Brothers, but one thing that a person might note is that Band of Brothers is a story about a unit within the same division, the Easy Company of the 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment of the 101st Airborne.  So it'd be easy to think that as both movies concern the 101st Airborne, both movies are about paratroopers. They aren't.

Battleground's fictional soldiers are part of the 327th Glider Infantry.

The airborne units of the US Army (and the British Army) during World War Two included parachute infantry and glider infantry.  In the case of the glider infantry, their make up was considerably different, which is easily forgotten.  Because almost all attention to airborne units has focused on paratroopers, and in fact it did at the time, it's easy to forget that glider infantry was a huge airborne element.

Paratroopers were all volunteers in that role. Glider infantrymen, however, were not.  Gilder infantrymen were simply regular infantrymen that had been assigned to those units and then trained as glider infantry.  Unlike paratroopers, therefore, the volunteer element was missing.  Indeed, until the end of the war, the extra pay that paratroopers drew was not drawn by glider infantrymen.  Their role was ever bit as dangerous, and indeed it might have been even more dangerous as glider landings in combat were notoriously dangerous and lethal.  As Ambrose recounts in the book,. Band of Brothers, one paratrooper who rode with the glidermen in one operation was horrified by the experience.

An interesting thing, however, is that their effectiveness is revealing about some things.  While paratroopers were regarded as elite as they were all volunteer, and indeed some joined the paratroopers in order to avoid being in units made up mostly of draftees, glider infantry proved to be ever bit as combat effective. So, while they were often conscripts and had no role in their assignment to airborne units, every positive thing you can say about paratroopers you can also say about glider infantry.

Anyhow, as this movie is about men in the 101st Airborne, it'd be easily to believe that it's a movie about elite all volunteer paratroopers.  It isn't.  It's a movie about regular soldiers assigned to the glider infantry, the only movie about them specifically of which I'm aware.

Movies In History: The Best Years of Our Lives

I've just posted a series of movies in this topic, "Movies In History", which has been in part inspired by the fact that we've just gone through the Memorial Day holiday and a few of the movie channels run war pictures during that holiday weekend.  I caught more than usual as I've been fighting a cold, and its been rainy, so I didn't get out much.

This film is one that has occasionally been run on such weekends, and which would be very fitting to be run, but wasn't this time. This movie isn't a war picture, however.  It's an "after the war picture".

The Best Years of Our Lives was released in 1946, which is stunning if we consider that World War Two ended in 1945 and the topic of the film was the sad adjustment to civilian life by veterans, and even the changed post war world.  It's a brilliant picture and is no doubt the best of its type, which is all the more amazing given that the war had just ended and many of the observations in the film should not have been obvious when it was filmed.

The film surrounds the stories of three returning veterans and their families.  One is a young returning bomber pilot, another is a middle aged banker who is just out of the infantry.  The third, portrayed by an actual veteran, was a young sailor who had lost his lower arms in action.  All of them experience difficulties adjusting to civilian life

The film touches on a series of really touchy topics, and does it very well. The pilot, Cpt. Derry (Dana Andrews), is shown to have a failing marriage, with that failure brought about by the fact that he hardly knew his war time bride at the time he married here.  Banker Al Stephenson, a discharged infantry NCO, is shown to have come back a heavy drinker.  And sailor Homer Parrish (Harold Russell) has a difficult time coming back to his fiance and family after his traumatic injury. 

Some of the plot line is nearly shocking, even when currently viewed. That Fred Derry's marriage is in trouble is obvious, but that Al Stephenson's young daughter would determine to break the marriage up is a very much outside of the film norm.  Divorce is treated in this film in a manner that's so unusual there's really no easy comparison and certainly no comfortable comparison to the treatment.  The flow of booze is a bit of a surprise as well.  All of this does in fact depict problems that were common to returning veterans.

In terms of material details, we'd expect this movie to be accurate as it was set in the time in which it was made. So that it does well is no surprise, but what may come as a surprise is how the details come through for 1946.  War planes are already being destroyed for salvage in the film, which is worked into the plot but which is an amazing plot detail for something that was practically news at the time the movie was set.  The small size of the houses (deliberately filmed undersized) would take a current audience by surprise, but is also accurate for the time.

What may be more interesting, in terms of our analysis, is the cultural details.  Here too, the film does really well, only making a few minor errors.  Unlike many films, the movie has it right when it has a banker as an enlisted man, but a former soda stand worker as an officer, as the status of officer and enlisted man was based much less on education than it is now.  The ages are basically correct for the characters as well, except for that of Al Stephenson, portrayed by Fredric March, who 49 was really too old to be a combat NCO.  His wife, played by Myrna Loy, was the best known actor in the film when it was made, is better cast as she would have been about age 41 when the movie was made.

This film is really a bit of an epic, and very well done.  Portraying sensitive topics, then and now, it also does very well in material details and reflects well cultural details from its time.  It shouldn't be omitted from a library of World War Two films, for those who might have one.

Movies In History: Twelve O'clock High

Yet another war movie filmed in 1949, this movie stands with the other mentioned that year as being a classic.  Indeed, this film is the best of its genera, the World War Two flying movie.  Nothing filmed since it has surpassed it.

Twelve O'clock High portrays an early U.S. Army Air Corps bombing wing stationed in the United Kingdom just as those units were first beginning to be used over Europe.  The unit is suffering from poor performance and the commanding officer is relieved from duty when he's judged to be responsible for the condition. The film then portrays the efforts of the new commander, Gen. Frank Savage to get the unit into shape. 

With an excellent story line and very good acting, including  Gregory Peck in one of his best roles, the movie is really well done.  There's surprisingly little flying in it, but the scenes that do portray B-17s in the air are realistic, aided by the fact that a lot of actual combat footage is used, and that the movie was filmed so close to World War Two that B-17s were available to be used.  The movie is excellent in material defects with no obvious mistakes and the sense of the time and era are well done. The movie avoids overdoing either heroism or angst, as later flying movies did, and as the film was close enough to World War Two, it predates any later concern over the nature of strategic bombing, which is a feature of more recently analysis. Simply put, it's the best of the air war movies that are set in the Second World War.

Movies In History: Sands of Iwo Jima

Also made in 1949, like Battleground, this movie is similar in that it follows a single squad, but it pales in comparison with the much better Battleground.

Still, for a film of this period, which was filmed shortly after World War Two, it isn't bad.  Following a single squad of Marines through the island hopping campaign of the Pacific, the movie does a fair job of portraying the Pacific War in some ways, although probably in a much less violent manner than the actual experience.  Using a lot of combat footage, the film is pretty accurate in material details, which as noted in our earlier comments on Battleground, is unusual for the era.

The plot, taking place over a larger expanse of time than Battleground, is quite a bit thinner, but it isn't highly unrealistic either, and the experiences and locals depicted in the film are done well and fairly accurately.

Of course, this is a John Wayne film, but it's a bit unusual as it gives us a glimpse of the broader range that Wayne had than his role typically called for.  Sort of anticipating his later role in The Searchers, he's a bit of an antihero in it, although not to the same extent of that later film, which in my view is his best.

Another film worth watching, and together with Battleground, the two very best films about World War Two which were filmed immediately after the war and which have stood the test of time fairly well.

Summer rules

Recently I saw a bit of a debate on church appropriate clothing, which somehow reminded me of the topic of court appropriate clothing, which I've referenced here quite a few times.  As time goes on, as noted, it lawyer office wear becomes more and more informal, but coat and tie remain the norm for court itself.

But at one time, the coat was dispensed with in the summer.

I don't know what caused me to recall this, but even when I first was practicing law, there were "summer rules" for appearing in chambers. That is, for arguing motions in front of the judge in his chamber.

We don't even argue in chambers anymore.  After 9/11 brought in a new concern for court security, the old habit of arguing in chambers largely ended (although here and there it's still around) and all arguments were moved to courtrooms.  I appreciate the few remaining exceptions, as that seems a better way to handle motions, when the chambers are adequate to allow for that, and they usually are.

At any rate, back some 25  years ago, during the summer, "summer rules" applied.  Shirt and tie only.  Indeed, I later learned that at one time there were written rules for court clothing, and the summer rules were actually written.

I don't know how far they went back, but I suspect they existed because at one time some of those courthouses were pretty hot in the summer.  Only one has been that way in my experience, the district courthouse in Lusk, which at one time lacked air conditioning in the courtroom and chambers.

The Niobrara County Courthouse, the thread on which remains freakishly popular here.  The windows of the chambers are visible in the upper right of the photo.

My guess, and hope, is that air conditioning has since been added.  At that time, however, it didn't have it. And it didn't have heat in the courtroom in winter either.

Now, of course, the temperature of darned near every official building is pretty controlled, and "summer rules" are largely forgotten, although I'll occasionally here them referred to by we old timers. 

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Blogatopia

Wow, darned near every blog I follow here (visible on the links on the side) has updated in the past couple of days, including two excellent ones that rarely update.

Good to see, but all at once!

The Internet and the Dumbing Down of Culture

The great, partially realized, promise of the Internet has been the global instant access to knowledge by all.

The terrible, fully realized, reality of the Internet has been the instant voice to the mean-spirited dishonest ignorant.  As a result, debate and knowledge, in reality, has become dumber, more simplistic, and often subject to massive error.

This has been pretty obvious to everyone for quite a while, but it's become really obvious lately in watching a couple of debates.

The problem is that the Internet gives equal voice to people of harsh views, who can view them without fear of any sort of negative impact to themselves, and it also gives free rein to those who would simply choose to lie about a topic and their relationship to it.  It also gives a voice to those with free time and low knowledge.  So we see people who are true extremist who spend time shouting down any opposition, or we see people whose views are skewed and limited make representations based on claimed personal experience, or finally we seem somebody shout out opposition with a dimwitted view that would have formerly taken effort to express.

Now there's plenty of intelligent commentary on the net (and I dare say, on this moderated blog, the commentary is excellent, but then it is moderates so that the occasionally really hostile or stupid random post, which always come from somebody who has never posted before, doesn't see the light of day), but to take on the flood of bad commentary takes the dedicated effort of the knowledgeable, who often do not have the time for such efforts.  So, at the end of the day, people who claim to be observational experts on, let's say, the viewpoints of a Russian minority in Kiev might really be chronically unemployed men in their parents basement in Newark.

I'd note that what got me rolling in this particular day, however, is a comment I saw on the Atlantic's photo essay on World War One.  One commenter, which hitting his profile reveals is a frequent commenter, commented to the photo essay "All war is stupid."

Well, that's a stupid comment.

Do reduce warfare to that level of commentary would deserve a dunce hat and a three week silent sitting in the corner.  On the net, however it doesn't.

Well, that comment is stupid.

Eh? There can't be a decline why?

The state statistic's branch has announced that they city's population has hit an all time high of 60,000 souls.

Well, actually I recall it being widely regarded as higher than that in the late 1970s, but apparently that doesn't count for some reason.  Anyhow, according to the state, the population is (back) up to 60,000 due to oil and gas activity.

Perhaps I heard it incorrectly, but when reported on the news the reporter seemed to say that officials had stated that the slow down would not impact the town, as the slow down has happened everywhere in the oil and gas industry.

What?

That would suggest that oil and gas workers are captives to their employment or something, and won't go elsewhere into something else.

Odd logic.

Fame, Turning on Fame, Ignorance, and Double Standards

As anyone who has followed my occasional frustrated comments on television here knows, I was not a fan of the Duggars show, Nineteen Kids and Counting.

Indeed, for reasons that I have a hard time defining, there was something about the Duggars that made me uncomfortable.  A lot of people are going to be saying that now, so that's a little late to be claiming that, but it's true.  I couldn't quite define it then, and I can't quite now, but what I think it is, is that to a certain ill informed audience they defined "Christianity", or perhaps "Conservative  Christianity".  They don't.  And I don't think they claimed to, but rather they were sort of presented that way.

In reality, without delving into it too far, theologically they're a member of a minority offshoot of a certain branch of Protestantism, and from their they're actually part of a patriarchal movement within that minority offshoot, which makes them a minority within a minority.  That was probably obvious to anyone who studies such matters, which means that it's not obvious to most people.  Given that, however, it would be no more fair to even state that the Duggars represented the view of Conservative Protestants than it would be to say the Old Believers represent the views of most Russian Orthodox, or that the members of the SSPX represent the views of most Catholics.  Indeed, those statements, although erroneous, would probably be slightly closer to being true, maybe. And because they hold a minority Protestant view, within a minority Protestant view, their views fall very far from the views of many "mainline" Protestants and certainly quite far from the Catholics and the Orthodox.  Now, the Catholics, Orthodox, Lutherans, etc., know that, but because television is so ignorant, it doesn't necessarily know that.  Therefore, when we hear things like "the Duggar's conservative Christian views", we're really hearing something that's way, way, far off the mark.

Indeed, again, I doubt the Duggar's themselves would disagree with that, and in fact they would seem to fit into a demographic that would question the Christianity of at least certain other Christian Faiths.  I don't know that for sure, but I do note that they engage in missionary work in Central American, which at least raises some questions as that's a field already plowed by prior Christian missionaries, although they're all Catholic.  Usually when a group does that, they tend to do it because they don't regard the other Christian group as valid, although here again I'm supposing.  I've known some Protestant missionaries (and Catholic ones) who were true missionaries, and they spent their lives in some really wild parts of the world, indeed, in some areas that were downright dangerous for somebody of their occupation, which seems real missionary work to me.

Anyhow, all that's a long winded way of saying that part of what has made me uncomfortable about the Duggar's is the way that they've come to represent something that maybe they don't.  I'm a pretty conservative Christian (okay, on some things I'm a pretty liberal Christian . . . and on others I'm a pretty neither liberal or conservative Christian), but I don't feel my daughter has to dress in a peasant dress and I'm a pretty big fan of education.

Indeed, on that latter item, one thing that's bothered me for some time is that the girls in this show, which has massive female following, seem so limited in their options.  They seem pretty smart, but they line them up with potential spouses who just don't seem to quite mach their intellect.  Maybe they do, but they don't seem to.  Indeed, that would seem to be the case for whomever Josh is married to as well, but again I could well be wrong.  It all seems sort of odd.

So, anyhow, one thing that's bothered me is the way their identified as something they really aren't.

And by extension, now people who hate them because they re identified that way, are going to be ripping them apart.

Traditional Christians in recent years have come to regard themselves as under the gun.  Well, actually, some branches of Christianity have felt that way for a long time.  And for good reason, they really are.  It's become unsafe in the public sphere to simply hold certain traditional Christian beliefs, or certain beliefs that are consistent with certain Faiths. That's a shame, but its true.  It's also become safe to attack certain religious beliefs as the PC view of the media holds those beliefs to be out of sync with the times.

In truth, Christianity is always out of sync with the times, and if a person reads the Acts of the Apostles, that's clear. The Apostles knew they were out of sync with the times, and the Fathers of the Church were pretty darned plain that they knew that as well.  So that's not new.  What is a bummer, however, is to see some group, here the Duggars, get tarred and feathered by haters because they are seen to represent something they don't, while in turn the rest of us get tarred and feathered because of what the Duggar patriarchy apparently did, which isn't fair to the rest of us by any means.  Ignorance at work.  It's like being a member of one of those rare Middle Eastern religious minorities who get attacked because nobody knows what they actually believe, but they might believe what some other group believes.

Going from that, however, it's also interesting how chicken television and the media really are.  Everything is played so safe.  The Duggars were pulled from the air, which they should have been, but a certain other family which recently had a baby baptized in the Armenian Orthodox Church, a very conservative religions, lives a lifestyle that seems out of sync with that (or not, I'm not sure) and has a family member who is changing genders.   That's being celebrated on television.  Now, in this era, that's in sync with the general liberal view of the media, so the media is not going to take on the very un settled and difficult psychological aspects of that in a way that's controversial. That is, we're not going to hear any press on whether that's wrong in a psychological or metaphysical sense, but maybe we should.  But we won't, as that would be too controversial in the context of the times.

This same logic would apply, even more so, to "Sister Wives", a show that pretty much promotes plural marriage and which appears on the same network as Nineteen Kids".  Here we have a sort of irony that TLC promotes, though the show, the concept that the Duggars are Christian traditionalist, which they really are not, and that the very non traditional view (in the larger societal sense) of the Kody Brown group, should be tolerated.  It's a strangely mixed message, neither of which is very deep in its analysis.

Nor really very interesting, I guess, to the male half of the population.  Both shows really cater towards domestic blandness, which is the basis, oddly, and ironically, of their appeal.  Peculiarly, noting really is going to look at the domestic lives of the millions of other conservative Christian women that are actually part of the culture.  That would just be too normal.

And if we're going to look at really unusual groups, to Americans, maybe we should look at really interesting ones we know aren't part of the larger demographic and obviously are not. Why not, for example, look at Orthodox Jews?  There are a lot of them in the US, but TLC isn't following them around.  Or Moslems (in fairness, there was a show that looked at them, but for a group that has to be unpleasant to be a member of right now, why not look at their lives).  Or, Old Believers.  There are Old Believers in Alaska, why not give them a look?

Finally, stories like this become feeding frenzies in a shark like fashion.  I can't help but recall how, after the very weird Michael Jackson died, the press turned on him.  It seems fame can turn to blistering contempt in an instant.  

That's always been the case.  The people and press elevate people to fame, and then when things go wrong for them, they rip them apart.  Oddly, they create an Idol and then destroy it, and always have.  An odd aspect of human nature.

Speaking for the people. . . and not.

It's interesting to watch debates and commentary on debates of a big national character.

Without going into specifics, I've been watching one that continually claims to represent a major cultural shift in a certain country.  I'm not so sure.  I think it represents a shift, but the claims are so overdone.

But for that matter, many "shifts" are quite temporary in nature.  The Baby Boom generation of the 60s did shift things, but in the long term they turned out to be more conservative than they started out to be, so the shift wasn't quite as dramatic as it was supposed it would be.  That's pretty common.  Lots of things that seem to have been overthrown, in fact, are just temporarily ignored.

The Big Speech: The St. Crispian's Day Speech from Henry V.

WESTMORELAND. O that we now had here
But one ten thousand of those men in England
That do no work to-day!

King:  What’s he that wishes so?
My cousin, Westmoreland? No, my fair cousin;
If we are mark’d to die, we are enow
To do our country loss; and if to live,
The fewer men, the greater share of honour.
God’s will! I pray thee, wish not one man more.
By Jove, I am not covetous for gold,
Nor care I who doth feed upon my cost;
It yearns me not if men my garments wear;
Such outward things dwell not in my desires.
But if it be a sin to covet honour,
I am the most offending soul alive.
No, faith, my coz, wish not a man from England.
God’s peace! I would not lose so great an honour
As one man more methinks would share from me
For the best hope I have. O, do not wish one more!
Rather proclaim it, Westmoreland, through my host,
That he which hath no stomach to this fight,
Let him depart; his passport shall be made,
And crowns for convoy put into his purse;
We would not die in that man’s company
That fears his fellowship to die with us.
This day is call’d the feast of Crispian.
He that outlives this day, and comes safe home,
Will stand a tip-toe when this day is nam’d,
And rouse him at the name of Crispian.
He that shall live this day, and see old age,
Will yearly on the vigil feast his neighbours,
And say “To-morrow is Saint Crispian.”
Then will he strip his sleeve and show his scars,
And say “These wounds I had on Crispin's day.”
Old men forget; yet all shall be forgot,
But he’ll remember, with advantages,
What feats he did that day. Then shall our names,
Familiar in his mouth as household words-
Harry the King, Bedford and Exeter,
Warwick and Talbot, Salisbury and Gloucester-
Be in their flowing cups freshly rememb’red.
This story shall the good man teach his son;
And Crispin Crispian shall ne’er go by,
From this day to the ending of the world,
But we in it shall be remembered-
We few, we happy few, we band of brothers;
For he to-day that sheds his blood with me
Shall be my brother; be he ne’er so vile,
This day shall gentle his condition;
And gentlemen in England now-a-bed
Shall think themselves accurs’d they were not here,
And hold their manhoods cheap whiles any speaks
That fought with us upon Saint Crispin’s day.

Monday at the Bar: Courthouses of the West: Wind River Indian Reservation Tribal Court

Courthouses of the West: Wind River Indian Reservation Tribal Court:

This is the Wind River Indian Reservation Tribal Court, which also houses various other law related facilities. The court is located in Ft. Washakie, the seat of government for the Wind River Indian Reservation, and serves the Shoshone and Arapahoe tribes on the reservation.

Some Gave All: Highland Cemetary, Casper Wyoming

Some Gave All: Highland Cemetary, Casper Wyoming: This Spanish American War era artillery piece is in a portion of Casper Wyoming's Highland Cemetery that has several features dedica...

I can't help but note how, in this town cemetery, for a town that wasn't founded until 1889, wars of the past have a long reach.  Veteran's tombstone markers note quite a few instances of Civil War service, from the eastern states which these men originally called home, and a few instances of frontier service as well.  And the early introduction of military aircraft, and the late disappearance of the horse also show up.

Sunday Morning Scene: Churches of the West: Corpus Christi, Newcastle Wyoming

Churches of the West: Corpus Christi, Newcastle Wyoming:

Movies In History: The Longest Day

This is Memorial Day weekend, and that means that some movie channels will be running war pictures all weekend long.  I've noticed that this film is getting a real running this year.

This movie is one of my all time favorite films, and it has been since I was a child.  I recall that for many years the movie was played on a Denver television channel on New Years Day, without interruption, sponsored by Lloyd's Furs.  What the movie has to do with New Years I have not a clue, and I doubt that it has anything to do with it at all, but the fact that this was a type of big deal says something about how well respected the film was, and is.

The Longest Day is the movie version of the book by Cornelius Ryan.  The Irish born Ryan was a war correspondent during World War Two and turned towards writing a series of histories of the war thereafter.  He wrote a total of three books on the war, all of which are truly excellent, and all of which are written in the same style which primarily focus on first person recollections by the participants. 

The movie treatment of his 1959 book came out in 1962 and featured a huge star studded cast, which it would almost have to have, given that it is, after all, a series of recollections.  Filmed in black and white so that it had the appearance of a newsreel to some degree, and using a small bit of original footage, the movie excellent portrays the events of the Allied invasion of Normandy in 1944 from both the Allied and the German prospective.  It's a great film.

So nothing to complaint about, right?

Well, sadly no.

As great as this film is, it suffers in one significant manner, particularly post Saving Private Ryan.  Material details are somewhat lacking, mostly in the category of uniforms. 

That may seem like a minor matter, and it is, but this film really blows it in terms of American uniforms.  It's way off.  Part of this was likely because it was being filmed in black and white, and all military uniforms have a drab appearance.  My guess is that another reason was that the sheer size of the caste deterred the filmmakers form having that many period uniforms recreated where they could avoid it.  Indeed, that they knew in part that they were getting them wrong is oddly demonstrated by the uniforms of a few key characters where parts of the uniform details were obviously detailed to try to get a correct appearance. 

Almost all the US soldiers in the film are wearing field uniforms that are correct for when the movie was made, in 1962.  Not for when the film is set, 1944.  In a few odd instances 1962 period jackets have been somewhat reworked to try to look like the paratrooper uniform of that period, but it's pretty obvious that's what's been done.  More oddly still, however, US troops are shown wearing khaki shirts of various patterns under their field jackets, which is completely incorrect.

Not that this should be hugely problematic for most people watching the film.  But for those detail oriented, it is a bit frustrating.  It's still a great film, however.

Taking on ISIL

 

 Bedouin in Palmyra, early 1940s

ISIL has taken Palmyra, a Syrian city with spectacular Roman ruins from the first century.  The global fear is that what time and weather have not done, which is to erase Palmyra from the face of the earth, ISIL, under its extreme interpretation of the tenants of Islam.  So extreme, in fact, that some time ago it issued a disapproval of important Islamic features in Mecca.

No ruin is worth human lives, but there is a bigger question at work here.  And what that is, is this. Should we (the Western World) take on ISIL?

I think we have to.

The reason I think we have to, is that it is taking on us, and what we have to determine is how much ground we're prepared to lose before we can't tolerate losing any more.

I think there's been a very widespread assumption in the West that ISIL is so nutty that it will fail on its own accord. That might be true, long term, and it probably is true, but we have to ask, as part of that, how much damage are we willing to endure in the meantime. And as part of that we have to acknowledge that really nutty ideologies can be hugely attractive, even if nutty. Nazism was both evil and full blown whacky, and I think a lot in the developed world assumed that such an evil, nutty, ideology would fail in such a civilized nation as Germany. It probably would have, but left unchecked that probably would have taken decades. Communism provides another example. Soviet Communism never made any sense at all, but it did manage to make a 70 year run in the Russian Empire, killing millions in the process.

ISIL may look minor in comparison with either of those, but I'm not so sure it really is. It's proven that it actually can exhibit state craft, perhaps at least as effectively as the actual sovereigns in the region in some instances. It's gone from being a radical Islamic militia to an actual army that's not terribly badly equipped, in the regional context. That army seems to be able to hold its own and even defeat the Iraqi army, and to hold its own and occasionally defeat the Syrian army. It's administering a government in the areas that it's captured, and right now it probably controls more ground that the governments in Baghdad and Damascus do. We don't notice it much here, but it's ideology seems to having a real impact in the Islamic regions of the former USSR where there's an ongoing problem of young men being drawn into it and leaving to fight in Iraq and Syria. It's pretty clear that immigrant Islamic populations in Europe have some people who go back and forth into it, and its hardcore Islamic message has proven attractive enough to some in the Western world that there are converts who are drawn into it. In some ways, what we're seeing is sort of analogous to Communism in the 20s and 30s, when it was really attractive to certain groups and during which it seemed to be expanding.

I don't think we can ignore it in the West, therefore, as I think there is a real risk that it'll win in both Iraq and Syria. If it does, it's not going to be content with that and we'll have to deal with an incredibly violent, aggressive, rich, regime that would be hugely problematic to the entire region, and which would sponsor some violence well beyond its borders. The questions is, I guess, what to do.

And as part of that problem, we have to acknowledge that this is a religious war. We don't want it to be, but because our opponents conceive of it that way, it is.

I'm sure I don't have the solution, but what I think we probably have to concede is that this might be a long one. But we probably also have to strangle ISIL in the cradle of Iraq and Syria right now in the hopes that kills it off. The Iraqi army appears completely worthless, and the only fighting force worth its salt seems to be the Kurds. I don't think any Western nation, ourselves included, are willing to put boots on the ground. The only regional one that clearly is, is Iran, and that presents its own problems.

Pretty grim situation.

The Big Picture: Prairie Scene

Holscher's Hub: Prairie Scene

Monday at the Bar: Courthouses of the West: Converse County Courthouse, Douglas Wyoming

This is the Converse County Courthouse in Douglas Wyoming. This modern office style building houses all of the principal offices of Converse County, as well as one of the four 8th Judicial District courtrooms.

The Converse County War Memorial is located in the lobby of this courthouse.

My annual spring cold has arrived. . .

and I feel miserable.

Most people associate colds with winter.  But I'll go years with no wintertime cold.  Not so spring, I get a spring cold every darned year.  Must be something about the unpredictable weather or something.

From the phenominally bad idea department: M J Wright: Chickenosaurus lives

Chickenosaurus lives!

I'd note that there are a lot of bad ideas that seem to float around in the genetic modification department now days, everything from this step back towards dinosaurs to trying to revive mammoths.  Studying this stuff is fine, but we seem to have utterly no restraint on implementing whatever bad ideas we come up with.

Sunday Morning Scene: Churches of the West: St. Matthews Church, Gillette Wyoming

Churches of the West: St. Matthews Church, Gillette Wyoming:

The paused that refreshed.

 

Fountain for horses, downtown Denver. These were placed by the National Humane Alliance, an organization that put the up for urban horses all over United States.  They were concerned about the conditions that working horses worked in.  The draft horses are, largely, gone, but the fountains remain.

Blog Mirror: Wheels That Won The West: Studebaker Aluminum vs. Ford?

Studebaker Aluminum vs. Ford?

(Over)acclimating to technology

One of the things that gets cataloged here a lot are technological changes.  How technology, specifically computer technology, has worked a change in my own daily life became abundantly clear to me this pat week. Frankly, I don't think all of the changes are universally good either, which may seem surprising for somebody who is running a blog.

 Amishman, 1940s.  The Amish are a well known North American religious group (Anabaptist) that have restricted their use of technology. Widely misunderstood, the religious concept at work has to do with the use of things that would reduce a human's humbleness and therefore their focus on devotion.  As we become more and more technological, the more a person has to wonder if the Amish don't really have it right on at least recognizing that technology may offer, at some point, as many dangers as it does benefits.

For one thing, this is a new computer.  This computer came about as I recently went from a Pentax K-x to a Pentax K-3.  It's a great camera, but I'm frankly still learning how to use all of its features, and as it's a fairly complicated camera, I probably never will.  Be that as it may, I like it.  And part of the liking it is that not only can you take really good pictures with it, but you aren't leased to film, the way we were with earlier film cameras.

However, because of certain new features in it, it wouldn't work with my old computer, which was truly ancient.  It was in the category of PC's that had an operating system that was supposed to be updated some time back, as it was no longer supported by Microsoft, but as it was working, and as computers are expensive, I didn't do it.  Well, I finally had to as the software for the K-3 was not supported by the old operating system. So one technology lead to another.

That meant, for a variety of reasons, that I was without a home computer for about a week.  That should have been no big deal, but it was oddly unsettling.  This was, in no small part, because I've grown used to checking the computer early in the morning, when most of this stuff is written, and also checking it sometimes in the evening as well.  In other words, I've become habituated to that, and anything you are habituated to you do in place of something else.

Indeed, anything that you are habituated to, you are dependent upon to some degree.  I could easily live in a house with no television, and I only listen to the radio while in a car (although now I frequently listen to podcasts, which is another habituation) but the computer I really noticed not being here.  Not good, in some ways.

Taking this further, last weekend I was in Denver.  I'm not really keen on Denver, but I was there with my family and we went to REI, the big outdoor sports store.  REI has a great store, and a great catalog.  I first became acquainted with both through a college friend, who was a big outdoorsman (and still is).  We went down to Denver, probably in 1983 or 84, and went to REI, which we did frequently thereafter.

At that time, REI was in one of the neighboring towns around Denver, not Denver proper, although where one begins and the other stops is questionable.  Most people would have said we were in Denver.  At any rate, it was in what had been built as a grocery store at the time, but it was amazing, or perceived that way in any event.

Now, REI is in Denver, in a trendy nice area near the aquarium, and it's new bigger store is in a building that had been built as a power plant a century ago.  It's a nice store, but visiting it just doesn't have hte same excitement it once did.  There may be a variety of reasons for that, including that I"m just older, but while there I texted (technology again) my old friend and noted that I was there, and that it just wasn't as exciting as it had been back when.  He texted back that "the internet has ruined the experience".

 Spacious interior of the current REI outlet in Denver.

I hadn't thought of that, but I really think he's right.  It has.  Not completely, but partially.

Now, when you want something, there's none of the sense of scarcity of the item  or the wonderment in finding it.  In a way, of course, that's good.  But at the same time, there was something sweet about finding what you wanted, or even what you liked but didn't know you wanted, and which was difficult to get.  The effort, or just the surprise, meant something.  Now, that's all gone.  In its place, we look up everything on the net and know its whereabouts right away.  Again, that's not universally bad by any means, but it has given us a false sense of super abundance that makes us less appreciative of anything we have or seek to acquire.  That would include, I feel, even the acquisition of knowledge, as now we just "Google it".

While in Denver, as I have several times recently, we made frequent use of the Google Maps navigation feature which allows for voice directions.  This is a nifty feature, but I've found its had a direct impact on my sense of place and direction, both of which have always been very good.

I've always been able to navigate my way around any place, including any city, simply by looking at maps and mentally planning a route.  Now, because of Google Maps, I frequently don't, just having my Iphone do the work.  I've found that this has actually messed significantly with my sense of place and direction, as when I depart from it, I don't have a real good sense of where I am.  Usually, if I go to a place once, I know how to get there, but now it would seem this is less certain.  I don't like it.

Fortunately I can get back to normal simply by not using it, but it was disturbing to see how very quickly I'd become acclimated to it. This is particularly disturbing as I feel that this is one of the many technological things that has the impact of taking us a bit further from the natural world, really, which as I noted the other day has the impact of creating a world that's contrary to our natures.

All in all, while technology definitely has its benefits,  I do question if we can reach the point where it's overall detrimental to us.  Indeed, I think we may have already done that.  We don't have a really good history of self restraint.  Most of us will not take the view of the Amishmen, and it risks making us less in tune with where we are, or even who we are.  Indeed, an entire younger generations doesn't notice where they are or who they are with at any one time, as their heads are buried in their phones.  This trend is not only negative, but to paraphrase from Pogo, we have met the enemy, and its our technology.  Not completely, yet, but partially.

Lex Anteinternet: Wyoming Adopts the Uniform Bar Exam, and why that'...

Back when I posted this item:

Lex Anteinternet: Wyoming Adopts the Uniform Bar Exam, and why that'...:     Wyoming Supreme Court in  Cheyenne. Students of legal minutia know that the phrase "to pass the bar", or "to be ca...

I noted a widely held concern that the adoption of the UBE would be detrimental to the practice of law in Wyoming in a number of ways.  So far, at least one of the concerns, the increased exportation of the legal practice in this state to big out of state cities, accompanied by a decrease in practitioners who actually know Wyoming's law, has been coming true.  Now, I work with a lot of really good out of state counsel, and this isn't a universal slam.  Certainly quite a few of those lawyers are really good lawyers, but there a lot of lawyers residing in Wyoming who are equally good.  The concern, however, was well placed and long term, this is not a good trend for Wyoming at all, as all the fine really good local counsel risk being forgotten simply because they aren't in a large city, in spite of their trial records.

Now I've read that New York is adopting the UBE with the expressed purpose of allowing transferability of its licenses.

This may seem irrelevant to Wyoming, but far from it.  I don't know how many New York lawyers there may be, but it wouldn't surprise me if the number exceeds the number of residents that reside in any one of Wyoming's larger cities.

On a plus side, however, this will impact the same out of state bars that are presently poaching in Wyoming. So, now we can expect to see Colorado and Montana firms that have been practicing across state lines complain about the same thing we're experiencing, and they certainly will experience it.  And it won't be good for the practices in their states.

I'm not going to cry about that, but we can shed a tear for one group, the legal consumer.  An irony of the practice is that practitioners in small states are often highly experienced in the courtroom, with far more trial practice than some trial lawyers in big states.  Quite often, a local litigant is better off with a lawyer from their home state, which is becoming less common, and stands to become even less and less the case as we move on.

Nothing every prevented a Colorado lawyer from taking the Wyoming exam, or a New York lawyer taking the Colorado exam.  If they took it, and passed, we knew they were qualified.  With the UBE, we don't know that.

Monday at the Bar: Courthouses of the West: Weston County Courthouse, Newcastle Wyoming

Courthouses of the West: Weston County Courthouse, Newcastle Wyoming:

This is the Weston County Courthouse in Newcastle, Weston County, Wyoming. If this well preserved courthouse is not the oldest operating courthouse in the state, it must be very close to the oldest one still in use. The courthouse houses a courtroom of the 6th Judicial District, which also has a courthouse in Gillette, Wyoming.

(Note, the text here is the original from the original Courthouses of the West entry.  Since that time, I've learned that there is in fact an older courthouse still in use in the state, in Evanston Wyoming.).

Sunday Morning Scene: Churches of the West: Holy Rosary Catholic Church, Lander Wyoming

Churches of the West: Holy Rosary Catholic Church, Lander Wyoming:

The Press interpreting the news

The Press is frequently criticized, as we all know, for interpreting the news it reports.  Having had a few newsworthy cases over the years, I have to say that I've found that they are often inaccurate, often innocently, and sometimes because the reporter has a view he's focusing on.

This past week, however, I've seen two items that really show why the press lines up for criticism in this area.  One story was local, and the other international.  It's been interesting.

The local story involved an accusation of a minor assault following a city council meeting.  I'm not going to get too far into it, as I don't know what happened, but it basically seems to have involved a contact with some papers.  As assault is defined as rude and threatening contact, basically, a very minor assault is fairly easy to have happen.  It doesn't mean you got hit or anything.

Anyhow, whatever happened, the Tribune reported that the assailant was a local religious figure, or words to that effect.  That's quite the news.  The on line Oil City News, which has a much different spin on this incident (and which frankly right now seems more accurate on it) said no such thing.  When the name was reported, I looked the guy up.

Shoot, he's on the board of directors for his synagogue.  That doesn't make him a religious figure at all.  The Tribune is reporting this like he's a minister.  Boo hiss Tribune, that doesn't seem supported at all.  He's not the rabbi.  Heck, I'm on the Parish Council for my church, and that doesn't make me a Priest or Deacon.

Frankly, were I Jewish, who seem to be the most picked on people on earth, I'd be super offended.

The second story was an article, perhaps an op ed, by the New York Times claiming that following this election we have a divided United Kingdom.

Oh really NYT?  Maybe what we have is the Conservative party gaining and Labour collapsing.  Sure, the Scots Separatist gained seats, but this isn't new.  What it really looks like is a massive validation of the middle right path of the Conservatives, something a seemingly increasingly left wing NYT probably doesn't like.

The Press is long on its concept that it's a protector of the public.  If it is, it ought to be a bit more careful on occasion to not appear to be partisan.

Urban Sheep?

Granted, my lawn is a little long right now (okay a lot long) as we've been getting rain and I haven't had a chance to mow it, but. . . .

Urban Sheep?

Ummm. . . .

I can't see that working.

Did they listen to that song?

This morning, while getting ready for work, the television was on, and an advertisement which was playing Janice Joplin's "Heartbreaker" was playing.

Now, I'm a fan of Janice Joplin.*  I really like her music. Sure, she was before my time, and my parents hated her music, but I love it.  It may figure, as I'm a fan of Jimi Hendrix as well, so I have a taste for the blues and blues influenced music. 

Anyhow, as the ad was playing, I stopped to watch it.  It was a Dior perfume advertisement.

My gosh, that's weird.  Janice was one messed up woman, but I seriously doubt she'd approve of any of her music being used for perfume.  Perfume wearing is sort of basically anti-Janice.  Man.

Beyond that, the whole theme of the ad is weird, in relation to the music, which makes me wonder if anyone really ever listens to the lyrics of any song, ever.

In the ad, a bride at a wedding has a crisis, and fleas the groom, strips off her wedding dress, is lifted up into a helicopter, kisses the man therein, and flies off, presumably to a life of adventure.

In the song, an anguished singer cries out her love for a man who is mistreating her, professing her desperate undying love no matter what, in spite of the vast pain that man is causing the singer.

Boo hiss, Dior.

___________________________________________________________________________________

*In spite of her death years ago, Janice Joplin is so familiar to our household that everyone had no problems in immediately recognizing the reference when I named a stray female cat in the neighborhood Janice. She's small, has long haired, and extremely disheveled.  She's also desperately in love with our disinterested male cat and she hangs around trying to sing screechy songs to him in a very loud voice.

Lex Anteinternet: Vikings, maybe not so much after all.

I've recently posted this item about Vikings:

Lex Anteinternet: Vikings, maybe not so much after all.: One of the most interesting introductions into the field of history in recent years has been the study of DNA.  The populations of various ...

And then there's that television show, "Vikings".

Ack.

First a disclaimer.  I'm going to run down Vikings.  That will eventually somebody who reads this entry, sooner or later. But I'm entitled.  I'm partially entitled because anyone is entitled to argue historical truth.  I'm also entitled as I can claim Viking ancestry.  Anglo Norman, actually, on my mother's side, with those Anglo Normans ending up in Ireland.  But any Norman was, by descent, a Norseman.  More specifically, part of that group of Vikings who ended up with Rollo in France, his having secured Normandy for a residence for his band.

Rollo, who was baptised (a not uncommon thing in the second half of the Viking era) takes the hand of Gisela in marriage, which may or may not have actually happened.  He probably didn't look quite so pacific and mild in real life.  He's buried at the Cathedral in Rouen.

So, some of my ancestors having boarded long boats in Norway and having followed Rollo to France, I'm entitled.  I'm slamming my own distant ancestors.

Well, actually I'm not, I'm just being honest.

The Vikings are really interesting, which is why they're featured in a television series right now.  But they were bad.  Really bad.

Extremely bad.

Their raids on the British Anglo Saxon and European coasts were horrific, featuring murder and the worst sort of perverted actions imaginable.  They not only exhibited a thirst for gold, but for blood and just simple debased and gross violence. They were most young men, and they were as bad as any criminal gang made up of young men. The television show that currently debates them as rough, pretty, people has it wrong. They were way beyond rough. Some of them may have been pretty. But at least at first, they weren't farmers looking for homesteads.  They came to attack and attack they did.   When they were met with serious armies, as for example those of Northumbria, they didn't do that well, after all, they were just floating gang members, really.  Later on, when they were real armies, the story was different.  But evolving from street gangs into armies, like the NASDP did in Germany in its day, does not credit the effort.

Then something happened to them. Something I doubt we'll see in the television show.

In their later years their adventures became bigger and more advanced.  They evolved from sort of a seagoing street gang (or rather gangs) into what we can sort of regard as Mafia families.  Much more skilled and advanced, and larger.  Then they did in fact begin to settle in other lands (although we now know in the case of England, they never swamped the existing population.  

And they became Catholic.

On another blog, I suppose, might say they "became Christian", but we try to present full accuracy here, and they became Catholic.  The entire Christian world at the time was Catholic, Catholicism and Christianity being the same thing.  They became, largely, Latin Rite Catholics, although I suppose, as some were hired out to the Byzantine Empire, and others, the Rus, located in the Slavic nation now named for them, became Eastern Catholics.  Indeed, a few in the late stages of their conversion became well recognized saints who are still recognized in the Catholic and Orthodox churches.

And they took to it more completely, and indeed rapidly (keeping in mind that everything moved slowly in prior times) than movies and whatnot would credit.

In our modern era, television, which basically has a thing against conventional Christianity, likes to portray troubled and disenginuine Christians struggling against rustic but sincere pagans.  But that's not the way it happened.  Violent enemies of the Church at first, for economic reasons, once exposed to it, they converted pretty quickly and sincerely, keeping in mind that they lived in remote locations and that in that era, 300 years (which is about the length of the Viking era), wasn't really a long time. 

Iceland, a Viking island, but incorporating a fair number of Irish Catholic slaves within it, converted by vote, with the deciding vote cast by a pagan priest. The other Scandinavian lands were exposed to the Faith by raids which seemed to be particularly influential amongst their leadership, and also by missionary activity. By the later stage of the Viking era, Scandinavian Christian monarchs, such as St. Olaf, who had been a Viking, appeared.  Really tough men, they brought the faith to their lands, which remained pretty rough places.

This isn't to say that the Faith came instantly or perfectly to these places.  It didn't.  It took quite awhile, as we reckon time today, before the old beliefs were abandoned, and there was a period of imperfection where behavior was somewhat mixed.  King Cnut, the Dane, and King of England, for example, had two wives, even though he was a Catholic.  But it did come, and pretty completely.

What's the point?  Well, basically, the Vikings are really interesting.  A forgotten northern pagan people whose population exploded during a period of dramatically warming climate, their displaced young struck Europe with a barbarous fury, during which they raided as far as North Africa, and into the heat of what is now Russia.  In the end, they evolved into a military people and then a Christian one, which in its final stages gave us three Norman political entities, one in Normandy, one in England and Ireland, and one in Sicily, that were vibrant and hugely significant.  Over time, they became the peoples they are today, who are not at all associated with the acts of their fierce forebearers, and they left a record of their presence throughout Europe and even extending to North America   That's a much more interesting story than the one television is giving us.

But its one today that television won't give us.  A barbaric people whose first exposure to Europe included acts so vile that even modern television, which dwells pretty much in the sewer, can't touch it, and who in the end become a Christian people with values that television would rather lampoon than feature.  History more interesting than anything TV will offer us, and which has a message that television, which operates as sort of a modern early Viking culture amongst our own, wouldn't want to touch.

Boxing. My how things have changed.

Photograph from:  Holscher's Hub: C Club Fights, Natrona County High School, April 1...:    It seems hard to believe it now, but Natrona...

My goodness, the attitude towards boxing and its popularity have changed during my own lifetime.  It's really noticeable.  It was such a big deal when I was young. As can be seen from above, it was even done in our high school, something which can't even be imagined now.

Watching a big boxing match on television was a big sporting deal.  A really big match was advertised for weeks in advance.  Everyone watched them.  Photos of boxers getting hit were a staple of sports columns and magazines, with the high speed 35 mm photos depicting sweat coming off a boxer's face due to the blows.

Now, in contrast, people hardly follow it.  People who follow other sports yawn at boxing, and a fair number of people really disapprove of it.  What happened?

Well, I suppose part of it might have been watching our favorite boxers get punchy or develop terrible neurological conditions as a result of the sport.  That's hard to ignore.  And the same thing, I'd note, is happening in regards to football now.

And the actions of promoters in the sport, when it was huge, acted to make the fights seem less big. Title disputes and splits, and the like, lead to a situation in which there wasn't an undisputed champion in some weight classes, which made the whole thing less interesting.  Now, with big gaps in significant fights, the big interest is over, and I don't think its every coming back.

But, from about 1900 until about 1980, boxing was king.

On the other hand

With all these recent legal journal items about "work life balance" and lawyer mental health, maybe it'd be a good idea to take a look at the other side of this, if it is the other side.

That is, all of these article would lead a person to suggest that almost all lawyers must have the blues, big time, all the time.  Indeed, a friend of mine mentioned to me the other day, upon learning of a lawyers death, that lawyers "didn't seem happy".

But is that right?

I don't know, but I wonder.  What I wonder is if all these articles and the statistics in them are skewed. Clearly some people aren't happy in the profession, but then I suppose that's probably true of any profession.

In making a personal observation, I think I've only ever known one lawyer that seemed to me to be truly unhappy. But I also think that it was something with his character.  Maybe his profession was making him unhappy.  That seemed to be the case. But maybe that's because he was prone to that anyhow, and the choice of profession was a bad one. Indeed, that's been the point of my recent comments.  I don't think the view that the is driving everyone in it into despair is correct, so much as I think that it doesn't suit every personality.  If that's the case, the field should look at who is entering it and why, and people entering it should likewise try to see if they think the field matches their makeup. That's about the end of my point.

Having said that, in looking around at the hundreds of lawyers I've known, most don't seem to be unhappy.  Maybe the lawyers in Wyoming, Colorado, Oklahoma, Texas and Utah I run into are just exceptions, but I doubt it.  They mostly seem happy within their professions.

And there are reasons that the profession would suit people too, beyond the usual slop that people put out about "challenging" and all that rot.  It does entail, at least in the litigation end, an endless variety of interesting situations.  Most lawyers are polymaths really, and there are very few professions that truly offer an endless variety of interesting scenarios.  And there are lot of interesting people that lawyers get to work with as well.  It'd be hard to be bored, I think, being a lawyer, or at least being a litigator.

And for people who like to write, there's a lot of writing.  Not all of the writing is of the mystery thriller type, of course, but there are people who just like to write.  I do.  For those people, just getting to write is fun.  I love writing, which is probably obvious, and writing a brief for me is fun.  I'm sure I'm not alone in that.

All things being equal, therefore, I guess this takes me back to two points. I don't really trust statistics very much and what's important is that a person find out if a career is right for them.  There aren't any perfect ones, and they're all very individual.  A person who loves one thing might not another, and the concept that some careers are good ones because of what they pay is misguided, if it goes no further than that.