Ostensibly exploring the practice of law before the internet. Heck, before good highways for that matter.
Friday, February 14, 2014
Lex Anteinternet: The 1918-1919 Influenza Epidemic
It's going through NCHS like there's no tomorrow. At least three members of the swim team have it, including my son. And its a nasty H1N1 variant.
H1N1 is bad, but it's not anything like the 1918 flu, which was a H5 variant. Be that as it may, things like this really demonstrate to me how vulnerable to the flu or something like it we are. I'll fly down to Denver today. So far, I haven't had the flu, and I haven't felt like I was getting it, although I'm coughing slightly this morning. I've clearly been exposed to the flu here at home. And at work where at least a couple of the people have had it recently. And I was at a meeting recently where a person was about two weeks out from it, no doubt over the flu, but still suffering from its effects.
My point is that the 1918 flu managed to go clean across the globe with no difficult, over about a two year time span. By that time, however, humans as a species would have had a little time for our own natures to begin to evolve where exposures had occurred, and we would have had some time to prepare where it had not immediately hit. World War One helped spread it around, but at that time it was still the case that transoceanic travel moved no faster than ships. That's certainly not the case now. A flu outbreak could be everywhere before we even knew it was an outbreak.
Today In Wyoming's History: Wyoming History In The Making: Enzi out raised Ch...
Thursday, February 13, 2014
Friday, February 12, 1914. The assault on Clemente Vergara.
Texan Rancher Clemente Vergara of Laredo was arrested in Mexico by Mexican Federal troops on the Rio Grande. He had previously filed two complaints with the Webb County sheriff over allegations that Mexican Federal troops were stealing horses that he was allowed to graze on the Mexican side of the river.
He had traveled into Mexico to meet with the Mexican commander and was ambushed in route. His nephew, who had accompanied him, escaped.
Vergara's wife and daughter crossed into Mexico the following day and found him severely beaten and jailed in the Hidalgo garrison. The next day, the women were informed he had been moved to Piedras Negras. The Wilson Administration became involved and started to internally debate what to do about the situation. On the 16th, the commander at Piedras Negras reported he had been released, and the horses ordered returned, but witnesses told American officials they had seen Vergara's body hanging from a tree from February 15 onward. On March 7 his body was delivered to his family in Texas, apparently recovered by friends and ranch employees who risked their lives to locate his grave and exhume him, although this is disputed. He was reburied in Cavalry Catholic Cemetery in Laredo, where a prominent tombstone remains.
Some Mexican officials or those who were partisan to some degree claimed that Vergara was smuggling arms to the rebels, although there is no evidence of that. Some even claimed he wasn't murdered at all, but had crossed the border to join them, which is clearly erroneous.
Texas sought to press criminal charges against the Mexican officers, and there was some discussion of sending law enforcement into Mexico. The Wilson administration forbade that.
Clemente was 44 years old at the time of his murder. He left his wife, Antonia, daughter Clara, and a son, Jesus. He also had two sisters. His daughter Clara lived until 1962, and is buried in the same cemetery. What happened to his wife I was not able to determine, but as his daughter and siblings remained in Laredo as late as the 1960s, she likely did as well.
Of some interest, and showing the nature of the border at the time, and perhaps now, both of Clemente's parents were born in Mexico. They had immigrated to the U.S.
Wednesday, February 12, 2014
Book Announcement: On This Day In Wyoming History
Lex Anteinternet: Boy Scouts of America--Merit Badges from 1911
This is an older thread here, but I'm bumping it up as last Sunday was apparently Scouting Sunday. The Boy Scout Troop associated with St. Anthony's Church acted as servers for Sunday Mass, and I saw a sign on the First Christian Church noting the same.
I have to admit that I didn't even know that St. Anthony's had a Boy Scout organization, even though I probably should have known that. My guess is that it might be associated in some fashion with St. Anthony's Tri Parish School, although I don't know that for sure. I knew that it had one at one time, as a co-worker of mine told me that he'd first met a late co worker of mine when they were both in Boy Scouts, with my living co worker having been in the St. Mark's Episcopal Church troop, while my late partner was in the St. Anthony's troop. My late partner was a strong supporter of the school, so my supposition is that he attended it. I should have been aware that they still had a Troop, but never having been a Boy Scout, I did not. I did know that the First Christian Church had one, as a co workers of mine is a Scout leader there.
Anyhow, I guess that demonstrates the extent to which Boy Scout units were once associated with churches, which is still somewhat true.
Still, I've heard that Scouting has suffered in popularity over the last several decades, which doesn't surprise me. For one thing, it's probably suffered as Americans have generally moved away from organizations of all types. As we've covered in prior posts, Fraternal Organizations have really declined in popularity. But this trend, with some exceptions, goes on beyond that.
Still, I also wonder if Boy Scouts have declines as they've strayed from their original mission, which ironically may be nearly as relevant now as at any time in the past. Scouting was created by Lord Baden Powell as an English movement. He'd been a British career soldiers, served as an unconventional scout in the Boer War, and went on to be the chief of British cavalry. Based upon his Boer War experience, he'd come to believe that British youth had become sort of sissified by city living, and he sought to correct that through exposure to life in the wild and what used to be called "woodcraft".
Scouting, in its heyday, as highly outdoorsy, sometimes agriculturally oriented, highly patriotic and it emphasized Christian virtues. It can still be very outdoorsy, but hat emphasis started to wane in the 1970s, it seems to me. It's also still patriotic and it still emphasizes Christian virtues, but in an age when relativism is the rule of the day, its singular approach to that can draw criticism pretty readily, while at the same time any effort to alter its traditional core values will likewise tend to weaken it a bit. I have to wonder if it still was as rurally oriented as it once was, if it would have declined less, as I suspect that the appeal of that aspect of it is as strong as ever.
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Note: Were you a Boy Scout or Girl Scout? Answer our poll!
Thursday, February 12, 1914. Groundbreaking for the Lincoln Memorial.
Ground was broken on this day for the Lincoln Memorial.
The groundbreaking was barely attended. Sen. Blackburn stated that "The memorial will show that (President Abraham) Lincoln is now regarded as the greatest of all Americans" in a speech he delivered on the occasion.
Czar Nicolas II recalled Ivan Goremykin into service as Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation, replacing Vladimir Kokovtsov.
The Squaw Man, Cecille B. Demille's directorial debut, which is a melodrama set in Wyoming, premiered. Not surprisingly, the film is not without its critics, and certainly would never be named that today. It does feature a Native American heroine played by an actual Native American, Red Wing (Lilian Margaret St. Cyr). St. Cyr died in 1974, at which time she was either 90, or 101, years old.
Tuesday, February 11, 2014
Change, Period - Attorney at Work - Attorney at Work
Interesting post, with which I do not fully agree (see comment).
Monday, February 10, 2014
Sunday, February 9, 2014
Holscher's Hub: Casper Mountain Sled Dog and Skiijourning Races, F...
"Amazing" discoveries about early human's and Yeoman's First Law of History
First of all, within the last couple of days human footprints have been found in the UK which are at least 800,000, if not 1,000,000 years old. That's pretty cool. The temperature of the UK, at that point in time, was also pretty darned cool. Scandinavian like, in fact.
This has lead to a lot of pondering (why were they stomping around in the mud, for example?), but it's also lead to at least one amazingly dense comment from a scientist who wondered aloud if they had the ability to make clothing.
Seriously?
Of course, they did. The question is idiotic.
Which leads me to my second item.
Scientist have recently confirmed that modern human beings of European descent carry a few genes they can trace to Neanderthal human beings, thereby confirming that Neanderthals and what were once commonly called Cro Magnums, but now are generally called "archaic" modern man, um. . .well you know.
No kidding, no surprise there. Or at least there should be. We're actually all in the same species. The bigger surprise there is that apparently Neanderthals, and we were on the edge of genetic comparability. That does surprise me because, as noted, we're in the same species. Neanderthals were only unique in that they were genetically adapted to extreme cold by having short, but stout, bodies. Modern populations of humans now feature quite a variety in body types, which our archaic ancestors actually did not at that time, so that's not as big of a deal as it might seem. Included in our current adaptations are body forms that contemplate high heat and intense cold. That an isolated population of human beings living in Ice Age Europe would have adaptations to their environment isn't that surprising.
But it's been oddly surprising to some that these populations would mix. In our true European "we feel guilty about everything" outlook, we've often assumed that this must have been the result of violence.
Well, some probably were, but our surprise is probably because of the long-standing tradition of depicting Neanderthals as really ugly, which they probably were not. They probably just looked different, as many current populations do. Looking different, while often a cause of hatred amongst people, has often been an attractant too, and so far there hasn't been one single example of any group of people encountering another in which mixing didn't occur. And chances are high that Neanderthals didn't look like brutes, but rather were dressed in a fashion similar to any new population they were encountering. So, it's a pretty good bet that it didn't take long before some archaic member of our species was saying something like, "have you seen that cute Neanderthal girl that gets water down by the stream. . . . I wonder if she'd like to come over and share some Aurochs some evening?"
On this, I'd also note that within the last year I've seen something that seemed to confirm that Neanderthals could "speak". No kidding, they were human beings and talking is something we all seem to be able to do. For what it's worth, their brain cases had bigger volume than modern man's. For that matter, archaic members of our own species also did, and I saw the same speech speculation about them a couple of years ago. I have no doubt that both populations spent the evenings yakking it up and could speak just fine. I also suspect that having a bigger brain case than modern humans means exactly what we might suppose it meant.
Keeping a Swimming Pool at NCHS
Postscript:
The Natrona County School Board will be holding a session at University Park School on Monday January 27, 2014, at 7:30, which will discuss this topic.
Postscript II
The board meeting last night drew a large crowd, a good number of whom were high school competitive swimmers. Also, however, a fair number of faculty from NC and KW spoke in favor of keeping the swimming pool bond issue tied to the general bond issue, which is the matter really in dispute here. Some very fine points were made.
One which I noted above was made by a businessman, who noted that 57% of the those polled is actually a very good percentage, particularly from the onset. A Kelly Walsh math teacher who had analyzed the poll results made some good points about the small number of people polled and the degree to which that cast some doubt on the results.
Several people spoke very well on the teaching aspect of the pools, which is the primary point, really. One speaker noted that school safety upgrades are on the general bond, but that statistically a child is much more likely to drown than be injured in any sort of school place violence. And a NC teacher specifically noted the local instances of drowning that have occurred here, in recent years, every year and how failure to make the upgrades will undoubtedly contribute to that increasing as at first will loose one, and then sooner or later the second, pool. Indeed, the KW athletics coordinator pointed out the numerous problems KWHS is presently having with their pool.
Postscript III
The pool bond issue hit both the Casper Star Tribune and the Casper Journal. The Journal ran a comprehensive article on the recent school board meeting, the Tribune ran an editorial.
The Journal's article had some very nice quotes contained in it, including some from the School Board which I think correctly shows the enthusiasm that actually exists for the pools. The journal noted the following being said at the conclusion of the meeting. I should note that these comments came at the end of the meeting. At one point the chairman of the board noted that they were not taking the matter up that night, and were moving on to the topic of dual language immersion, so that the people who came to support the school were free to leave, that topic having been concluded for the evening. Apparently the board felt it should address the comments at the end of the meeting.
I wish all the people were still here so I could tell them thank you for being so interested in caring,” said trustee Paula Reid. “We’ll have more to come on this, so I ask them to please stay tuned. We'll need their help.”
“We had roughly 25 people get up and passionately speak to the pools,” said trustee Suzanne Sandoval. “I don't see any way other than it needs to be one question, and I would actually question whether or not we need to go forward with the polling at this point.”
“I so appreciate all the people who came out in support of the pool,” said trustee Rita Walsh. “I would agree with Suzanne that I don't think it's necessary to go forward with more polling information at this point.
“I would like to thank and recognize all of the swimming community who showed up and the passion that they showed,” said trustee Kevin Christopherson. “I was born and raised in this town, and I swam in both pools — though there's not much left of the NC pool — but it's kind of scary to think that what our parents and grandparents built for us, out of purely taxes, that we couldn't do that for the future generations that are going to come and use these swimming facilities. So I have faith in Casper that this is going to pass. I think we should keep it as one question.”
“I, too, was really impressed by the passion that was felt in this room tonight,” said trustee Dave Driggers. “We're going to need that passion, we're going to need every one of these people that spoke, and their grandparents, and their parents, and to drag about five or six additional people to the polling places. If we can somehow be assured that this passion will remain in the next three months, not only through verbal support, but going to the polling places and actually voting, I agree with previous trustees comments that probably additional polling probably won't help that much in the question.”
“About the swimming, I would just like to say that passion is an amazing thing, it gets you all kinds of places you wouldn't expect,” said trustee Dana Howie. “I enjoyed listening to all the stories and … I took swimming lessons in the NC pool and I taught swimming lessons in the NC pool, and they need the pool, and then we also need to keep Kelly Walsh's pool viable and improve it if we can. And we can't forget Midwest either, because Midwest needs a pool; the school is part of that community, the school is the community. So I think that's just as important as well.”The Casper Star Tribune, however, took a negative stand on the pool once again, calling it a "poison pill" on the bond issue. The Tribune seems to feel that the vote for the bond will go negative if the pools are on it, even though over 50% of those poled are in favor of the bond issue right now. The really weird thing about the Tribune's editorial, however, is that it fails to address that the separation of the bond issue will mean that the separate topic will be for school safety enhancements.
That's odd, as swimming is not only a mandated topic for students in Wyoming, but it's also a mandated topic for safety reasons. Next to driving, water poses one of the most substantial risk to life that there is. We have drownings in this are every year and quite a few people do not learn how to swim until they are in high school. The tribune just ignores that.
The tribune in particular ought to know better, as it's located nearly directly across from that part of the Platte River Parkway dedicated to river sports, and where there's been a drowning within the past few years.
It's odd that in this day and age we have such a skewed sense of risk that we make sure we teach certain safety related things, irrespective of the risk, and then will go on to urge the omission of others. There has been an organization campaigning in the state recently to raise the driving age up to 18, for safety reasons. The Tribune opposes that. In school, we require kids to sit through a class with the euphemistic name of "life skills", even though that class trespasses on the beliefs of many parents, in the name of health safety. The difference would simply seem to be a lack of understanding that pools equate with safety.
Postscript IV
From the Natrona County School District's website:
Central Services Facility
Public Notice - Board of Trustees to Hold Bond Issue Public Hearings
02.04.2014
Notice of Public Hearings
Natrona County School District No. 1
Board of Trustees
In accordance with Wyoming Statute 21-13-701(c) The Natrona County School District No. 1 Board of Trustees, prior to submitting a bond proposition to district voters, will hold public hearings for the purpose of providing an explanation of the need to obtain district funding for building and facility features that are in excess of state standards for buildings and facilities and taking public comment. The hearings are scheduled for:
Monday February 10, 2014 6:30 - 7:30 p.m.
Monday February 24, 2014 6:30 - 7:30 p.m.
The hearings will be held at the District Central Services Facility located at 970 N. Glenn Road Casper, WY.
Postscript V
Swimming Pools — NCSD Transform
Nice site on the proposed pools and the bond issue.
Here's the reason for the bond issue: "While the State of Wyoming requires that Natrona County Schools operate and maintain a swimming pool to serve the needs of the district’s high school students, it is unwilling to pay for these facilities." In other words, the state requires students have access to a pool (for safety reasons really), but won't pay for them.
If they aren't built, NCHS won't have one, and the district will arguably be immediately out of compliance with the law. That would, quite frankly, seem to invite a law suit, which isn't the district's fault really, but that's what it might do.
Midwest, which tends to be the forgotten high school in the county, has an inadequate pool, would almost certainly seem to be out of compliance with the law without a new one. For some reason, we tend to forget that Midwest even has a high school, let alone a pool, but they have both, and they need a new pool.
Here's something else worth noting:
The original proposal being discussed by the Board of Education has beenWhat this doesn't note is that without the bond issue, at least the NC pool will be gone. It sounds like the younger KW pool is in a terminal state as well. It's usable, but long term it doesn't look good for it. While some people are balking at the cost, it's important to note:
scaled back in scope and now includes the following projects:
- Replacement of NCHS’s 85-year-old
swimming pool with a new 8-lane pool, diving area
and seating- Renovation of
the existing KWHS swimming pool—including new pool equipment, plumbing,
electrical, lighting and pool deck surface—providing 8 lanes, diving area and
additional seating- Design and
construction of a new Midwest Pool with new supporting equipment, plumbing,
electrical (within the existing pool building), new roof and remodeled locker
rooms, restrooms and offices
The scaled-backNote only is it less, but frankly the idea of "one large aquatic center" to serve the needs of the district is absurd. No such central location can conceivably serve the needs of Midwest and we know it won't. Those kids won't be bused across the county for swimming. It'd take up at least half the school day, if the weather is good.
proposal for improving the district’s swimming pools is an estimated $5.8
million LESS than the cost of constructing one large aquatic center to serve
the needs of the entire district.
For that matter, swimming will drop off for both KW and NC students with a central pool. Casper isn't that easy to get around in during the day, as any Casperite knows. Students at NC, if they leave during the day, go west, not east, as that's the easy way for them to go. KW students go east for the same reason. Where could a pool even be built that would be only five or so minutes from both schools? Nowhere.
And consider the actual pools. Here's the proposal for Midwest:
Midwest Pool. A very rational sized pool, that the students there deserve.
And here's the one for NCHS. Again, this is hardly a palatial pool, although it is one that would allow NCHS's swim team to have swimming meets in their pool for the first time in many many years. Indeed, it's worth considering that should an increase in fuel costs ever cause the state to cease funding local busing, and that end up in terminating our county's unique "school of choice" system, about half the KWHS swim team would end up going to NCHS, assuming that, at that time, KW's team has a demographic similar to the existing team, and assuming that at that point in time KW still has a pool, which it very may well not, should the bond issue fail.
The real reason, of course, for the state requirement that the students have access to a pool is that their risk of dieing by drowning is reduced, a very worthwhile goal. And its that average student that the pools serve. These pools would do that job nicely, and the bond for them is well worth supporting.