July 31, 1919. Yoemanettes muster out, Motor Transport Convoy treks from Columbus to Grand Island, Nebraska. 64 miles in 9.25 hours. Red Summer in Syracuse and Philadelphia.

Female sailors (foreground) and Marines (background) being mustered out of service on this day in 1919.

The Department of the Navy released a large group of women from service in this day, giving them their discharge from the Navy and Marine Corps.  The "Yoemanettes" and "Marinettes" had been brought in to fill largely clerical roles during the war which were returning to male servicemen in reduced numbers as the services declined to peace time numbers.

On this occasion, their service was honored by the Department of the Navy before they were officially released.

Problems with dust yielded to problems with mud on this day in July 31, 1919 for the 1919 Motor Transport Convoy.  The Elks provided dinner for the officers and Grand Island, Nebraska provided a dance for everyone.

The Red Summer made its appearance at Syracuse New York, although in the form of an industrial riot, which made this occurrence somewhat different than earlier ones.  On this day in 1919 Polish and Italian steelworkers who were on strike attacked black workers who had been brought in as strike breakers.  The riots ended when Syracuse mobilized its entire police force.

Race riots also occurred in Philadelphia, but a quick response by the city's police rapidly brought them to an end.

The formal adoption of the Weimar Constitution occurred in Germany, which was now an official republic with a constitution.