Wednesday, July 28, 2021

The Olympic Pickup Advertisements. Walter and the Lightening.


There's been two really great television advertisements featuring pickups recently.

This is one of them.

Okay, first off, I'm not in the market for a new pickup.  Yes, my old Dodge 1 ton is. . . well it's old.  And  yes. . . it's rusting. But they don't make standard transmissions for sale in the US anymore, and I'm not in the market for an automatic transmission vehicle.

And for that matter, my D1500 has less than 200,000 miles on it, and it's a diesel.  So it has a lot of life left in it.  Probably as much life as I have left in me, so it'll do.

But this is a neat ad, it's really cool.

And Walter is great.

Frankly, the highly developed tailgate is great too.  I don't know why something like that wasn't thought of years ago, but I'll really give General Motors credit for some excellent recent developments like this.  Another is the steps on the side of the box, and in the bumper. That was, quite simply, a great idea.

Here's the other one:


This F150 advertisement is completely different.  The Chloe Zhoa directed commercial is also brilliant, and it hits the "electric vehicles will never be useful here" crowed right where they live.

Oh yes, they will be.

Indeed, the theme, Ford's continuity with its past, modern electric vehicles as a continuation of the best of Ford's historic vehicles, and a deeply American theme (aging rancher and his younger adult daughter) is brilliant.

Indeed, the Ford F150 Lightening stands to probably given the Chevrolet in which Walter has been riding more than a run for its money.

Prior electric vehicles have sometimes been presented as "the future is here, you dolt, buy one", which isn't a very effective marketing strategy except for people who have already placed an order for iphone72 and Windows 35.  

Ford's ad isn't threatening.

Monday, July 28, 1941. Listening to the radio.

WLS 1941

A radio advertisement, with an agricultural theme, from this day in 1941.  The Chicago, Illinois radio station wanted to boost the concept of farmers listening to radio while they worked.

Farmers certainly listened to the radio.

Georgia farm family listening to the radio, April 1941.  This photo certainly suggest that their house was a bit cramped.

I don't listen to the radio while I work, but that's probably because of the type of work I do, usually.

Well, having said that, when I'm on the road I do. . .well I don't, not much.  I used to.  I used to listen mostly to NPR on the radio when I traveled, assuming that I wasn't listening to cassette tapes, then later CDS.  Indeed, I listened to some giant sized "books on tape", on CDs.

Then I started listening to XM Radio quite a bit.  After a while, however, I switched to podcasts once I figured them out and had an iPhone. And that's the norm today.  

I've had some secretaries over the years who listened to the radio.  I've always found it irritating, frankly, when they did, if I could hear it. Usually they kept it down so it wasn't loud enough to bother me.  They didn't all listen to the same thing, however.  One listened to talk radio all day long, which constitutes my only exposure to the late Rush Limbaugh.  Another for a while listed to Christian music, and then fundamentalist Christian broadcasts, and then later switched to regular old music.  As she once made a point of "only listening to Christian music", and then went to country music, but remained in a fundamentalist congregation, I'm not sure what that radio evolution meant, if anything.

I've only known one lawyer who listed to the radio while he worked.  Frankly, I could never grasp how a person could do that.

This photo, and the story, also points out the rapid advance of technology in the 20th Century.  Given the nature of appearances in photos in the 1940s, my guess is that the parents depicted here are probably in their 30s, maybe their late 30s.  Looking at them today, we'd place them older than that, but I doubt it.

Assuming I'm right, the parents here would have spent their adult lives, but not their youth's with radio.  Based on the appearance of the cabin they lived in, my guess is that they didn't have a lot of money to splurge spend, but their radio isn't ancient.  Most of their married years, they likely had a radio.  In their youth, they wouldn't have.  In a decade or so, if we were to stop in, they probably didn't live in quite so rustic of quarters, and they might have been thinking of getting a television.

If they were listening to the news, they might have heard that on the same day, Finland broke off diplomatic relations with the United Kingdom.

This points out the peculiar relationship of Finland to the war once again.  It makes sense that the UK and Finland would not have diplomatic relations during the war.  Finland was lucky, however, that the Western Allies held their actions from going any further.  Had the Western Allies declared war on Finland, which they did on Romania, Finland's post 1945 fate would have no doubt been much different.

Radio listeners might also have heard, on this day in 41, that the Germans continued to advance, and the Soviets continued to resist.  The Germans closed in on the encircled Red Army in Smolensk, but the Red Army, in spite of having given up 100,000 prisoners there the day prior, fought on.  The Wehrmacht also narroed the Leningrad pocket,  but they didn't, and wouldn't, take the city.

Thursday July 28, 1921. Parliament and the Church of Scotland.

Parliament passed the Church of Scotland Act of 1921, making the Presbyterian church in Scotland independent in religious matters while retaining its status as the Scottish national church.  The act provided.

Church of Scotland Act 1921

1921 CHAPTER 29

An Act to declare the lawfulness of certain Articles declaratory of the Constitution of the Church of Scotland in matters spiritual prepared with the authority of the General Assembly of the Church.

[28th July 1921]

Whereas certain articles declaratory of the constitution of the Church of Scotland in matters spiritual have been prepared with the authority of the General Assembly of the Church, with a view to facilitate the union of other Churches with the Church of Scotland, which articles are set out in the Schedule to this Act, and together with any modifications of the said articles or additions thereto made in accordance therewith are hereinafter in this Act referred to as " the Declaratory Articles " :

And whereas it is expedient that any doubts as to the lawfulness of the Declaratory Articles should be removed :

Be it therefore enacted by the King's most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal, and Commons, in this present Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows:—

1Effect of Declaratory Articles.

The Declaratory Articles are lawful articles, and the constitution of the Church of Scotland in matters spiritual is as therein set forth, and no limitation of the liberty, rights and powers in matters spiritual therein set forth shall be derived from any statute or law affecting the Church of Scotland in matters spiritual at present in force, it being hereby declared that in all questions of construction the Declaratory Articles shall prevail, and that all such statutes and laws shall be construed in conformity therewith and in subordination thereto, and all such statutes and laws in so far as they are inconsistent with the Declaratory Articles are hereby repealed and declared to be of no effect.

2Other Churches not to be prejudiced.

Nothing contained in this Act or in any other Act affecting the Church of Scotland shall prejudice the recognition of any other Church in Scotland as a Christian Church protected by law in the exercise of its spiritual functions.

3Jurisdiction of civil courts.

Subject to the recognition of the matters dealt with in the Declaratory Articles as matters spiritual, nothing in this Act contained shall affect or prejudice the jurisdiction of the civil courts in relation to any matter of a civil nature.

4Citations and commencement.

This Act may be cited as the Church of Scotland Act, 1921, and shall come into operation on such date as His Majesty may fix by Order in Council after the Declaratory Articles shall have been adopted by an Act of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland with the consent of a majority of the Presbyteries of the Church.

Scotland became a Presbyterian country in 1560 when the Reformation hit the country, following only shortly after King Henry VIII separated the Church of England from Rome. The story in Scotland is complicated and tied up with that of England's which was attempting to force a union at the time.  The origins of the Scottish Reformation has its beginnings in Europe where some Scottish religious figures were exposed to characters of the Reformation on the continent.  The attempted forced union by England and the competing claims of the adherents of Queen Mary created additional tensions. Added to that, the Catholic Church in Scotland and the Scottish government made little effort to prevent individuals from espousing Protestantism.  The turmoil associated with the reign of King James V and Queen Mary ultimately politicized the situation and gave John Knox, like Luther a one time Catholic Priest, an opening to create a Protestant fissure.

It also created a long-running peculiar situation in that Presbyterianism resisted being an established church for a long time and the English crown, once Scotland was subject to it, had the model of the Church of England which was much closer to the Crown and, ultimately after a long period of religious strife, less Protestant than the Presbyterian Church.  The status took all the way until 1921 to basically resolve.

Like most Protestant churches worldwide the Church of Scotland, or rather the Presbyterian Church, has suffered a large decline over the decades.  Often presented as a current crisis, in reality the close adherence to the Presbyterian church has been in decline for many decades.  The Presbyterian Church is a Calvinist church traditionally and the Church of Scotland tended to be extremely stern in its views.  As with England, but in a more pronounced way, some areas of Scotland never did abandon the Catholic Church and in the 19th Century, Irish immigrants to Scotland increased their numbers.  By the 2010s only 32% of Scots claimed membership in the Church of Scotland while 16% were Catholic. While scandals have hurt the Church in Scotland, as elsewhere in the European world, Catholics outnumber Presbyterians in some Scottish districts presently. In the late 2010s a study suggested that by the mid 2020s Catholic Church would resume its status as the largest church in Scotland, which of course does not set aside the fact that the majority of Scots "unchurched", but basically Christian.  

The Presbyterian Church in the United States was heavily associated with Scottish immigrants at one time. This would be much less true today.

Life magazine came out on this date, with a cover of a dog disrupting a tea party of sorts.




Towns and Nature: Leesburg, FL: Paquette's Historical Farmall Museum

Towns and Nature: Leesburg, FL: Paquette's Historical Farmall Museum: ( Satellite ) This is one of those topics for which I took so many photos in the museum that I was intimated by the prospect of discussing t...

Tuesday, July 27, 2021

"All along the watchtower".

There must be some kind of way outta here 
Said the joker to the thief 
There's too much confusion 
can't get no relief
Bob Dylan, "All Along The Watchtower" (made famous by Jimi Hendrix).

Let's make no mistake. There have been odd, really odd, political seasons in American history in the past.


Indeed, every election since at least 2008 has been somewhat odd.  It was that 08 election when long dormant strains in American politics began to come alive and develop.  If we want to a lot of what's going wrong right now, going back to 08 is sort of where we have to start.

Anyhow, with the last Presidential election having gone right into the next election, or rather elections, the country just isn't getting a break.  It could use one.  Not getting one means that people don't get the chance to sit back and consider things in a little less heated fashion.  Much of what's going on right now is an argument about what has already happened, not what is happening or going to happen.

And of course an electronic news media that not only feeds off of all of this, but which is now specifically tailored to deliver to you the outrage of your choice, makes it all the worse.

And that's distressing, as well as non productive, to say the least.


Say what you like about Mussolini, he made the trains run on time.

Anon.

When I was a kid, and people looked back on World War Two, which they did more frequently then than now, one of the things I'd frequently here about Mussolini is that "he made the trains run on time".  

Apparently this phrase is incredibly common in the English-speaking world, which makes me wonder about its origin.  Anyhow, it was supposed to provide the basis for the Italian people turning to Il Duce and it even provided a bit of an excuse of the reign of the Italian fascist, who after 1943/44 seemed more and more buffoonish.

Not that Hitler was immune from a similar comment, that being "he put people back to work", it often not being noted that if you conscript all the men of military age and don't let women work, all while rebuilding an army in order to launch a war, yes, you'll have a low unemployment rate at least temporarily.  I.e., that's not really a great defense for Hitler.

By the way, before moving on, Mussolini didn't really actually make the trains run on time.  Perhaps his real domestic success was in really clamping down on the Mafia, but then fascist regimes don't really tolerate criminals other than fascists, so that's not the greatest point either.  

And on Hitler and the economy, Hitler's autarkic economy never really worked and would have undoubtedly ultimately collapsed on its own, had May 1945 not collapsed it first.

I note this as the political ads are starting to come out.

There's are ads circulating right now that noted that under the Trump Administration the borders were much more under control (they were) and oil and gas was doing great (not really correct).  I'm sure you've heard the arguments, however.  Border secure, economy doing great, etc., and now under Biden this isn't true. As with most such arguments, that's far too simplistic to be an accurate analysis, and it also fails to really appreciate the mixed nature of economies. 

There's some truth to it however, particularly in regard to the border.

Which raises this question.

Is it a defense for Mussolini if he made the trains run on time?

Would it be for Hitler if he ended German Great Depression unemployment?

Is it okay that Stalin and Mao murdered millions in order to modernize their economies?

Pretty clearly, everyone would answer no to all of these, even though I've heard all used as an excuse.

So why isn't thinking like that okay?

Well, higher values, of course.

Mussolini may have clamped down on the Mafia and created the illusion of trains running on time, but he launched his country into bloody wars of colonial expansions that killed large numbers of foreign people, large numbers of Italians, and which allied Italy with the Nazis.  You can't excuse that.

Hitler may have ended German unemployment, but only because he was building a war machine that was to be used to obtain Lebensraum which would require the murder of entire cultures.  You certainly can't excuse that.

And you really can't excuse an effort to bypass or corrupt the democratic process in a democracy.

Respecting the democratic process is the first tenant, above all others, in a democracy.  That  means sometimes you lose, and not only do you lose, you lose to forces you really don't like.  That, in the end, doesn't matter. You regroup, argue, and campaign.  You don't endorse non-democratic actions.

And you really can't say, "vote for me" because Mussolini made the trains on time and that was good for railroad passengers if the same guy bombed Ethiopians and was a pal with Hitler.

Before somebody tries to claim "the election was stolen", of which there is no evidence whatsoever, the ads in question don't make that point. They make a straight connection, with that connection being "Trump was good for Wyoming and therefore Cheney shouldn't have voted to impeach him".  It's that argument that has a logic fail to it.  He may have been good for Wyoming, and its certainly the case that some of his policies were highly successful.  But you can't fault Cheney for voting her conscience that way.

A person could note, I suppose, there's only so much that you can state on a 60 second television commercial, and that's quite true. But I don't think that's what the advertisers are trying to say. They're flatly stating that Trump was good for Wyoming and that excuses all.

Which should leave us with this.

Where are we really at in American politics?

Something's not right. What do we do to fix it?


If the hat fits, wear it.

Anon.

But if it doesn't, you really ought not to.

My late father used to say that in order to be a candidate in Wyoming, you had to be portrayed doing three things. 1) flyfishing somewhere; 2) in a field with a shotgun; and 3) riding a horse.

That has remained remarkably true over the years, but it's just begun to change a bit. At some point you still need to be shown handling a firearm, although in recent years the people handling them look as if they've never fired one before in their lives and are scared to death.  And you still need to be shown fishing.

You might be able to get away without mounting old Red Wing now days, and quite a few politicians now omit that, but not all do, by any means.  But you do need to be shown wearing a hardhat with some rugged dudes.

Now, the thing about hardhats is that they're like cowboy hats.  If you don't wear one regularly, you'll look like a complete poser.  

Indeed, some people manage to wear cowboy hats for year and years and still look like posers.  That's because if your hat doesn't run a serious risk of having blood, rain, snow and cow shit end up on it, you'll look like a poser.  Frankly, that's the look that Foster Friess always had.  I'm not saying he was a good or bad guy, but you knew that the hat was going to retain its prefect shape and cleanliness for eternity.  Foster wasn't just about ready to castrate a calf wearing that hat, and he probably, therefore, should never have put it on.

At one time, a guy who knew that his hat wasn't going to be exposed to the mud, blood, beer, and cow poop, always wore a Stetson Open Road.  Open Road's were the rural and Western variant of the Fedora, really. They still make them.  Former Governor Sullivan always wore an Open Road.  My grandfather wore an Open Road to the packing house.

Funny thing was, some of theose Open Roads ended up looking like they were working hats, and they tended to become one over time.

Anyhow, this is all true of hardhats as well.  If you haven't actually ever worn one at work, in order to protect yourself, just don't go there.  You won't look natural doing it, and you can't fool those who do it every day.  


For the wages of sin is death.

Romans 6:23

The Bible warns us that "The wages of sin is death".

Lying is a sin.

Why do I note this?

Well, part of the deal is that lying is a big deal from a Catholic prospective.  While not all lying is at the mortal sin level by any means, it's been seriously debated by Catholic theologians if every single lie is sinful.  Two of the current candidates are Catholic and at least one other (I don't know his religion) has made an outward association with Christianity a major platform of his campiagn.  All of this means that such canidates ought to have a diehard dedication to telling the truth, even if it really hurts them.

Now, some would say "well, truth is subjective".  Bull, it's no such thing.  

But as we're all flawed, we don't always know the truth and sometimes we believe things in error.  Everyone does this.  There's no fault in that.

But with some candidates, every year, I really wonder on some things if they've suspended to a degree their own personal knowledge for political gain, the legendary fault of the ambitious.

Another reason that I'm noting this right now is that the GOP is making a late effort to get people to be vaccinated.  Part of this involved Mitch McConnell, perhaps the American politician with the least appealling personality in modern American politics, trying to urge people to get vaccinated.

That caused a flood of Facebook comments of all types, right, left, and loud.  Everything from rabid anti vax comments to calling Mitch a bastardly bastard of bastardness, to people who were practically wishing that the unvaccinated would get COVID 19 and die.

And this has become pretty common.

We are experiencing, right now, one of the oddest epidemiological events in the country's history, which is the politicization of a vaccine.

Actually, let me correct that, we have experienced it.

Now, I'm not going to haul off and demonize everyone who hasn't received a vaccination for COVID 19.  I am going to urge any unvaccinated person who reads this to receive the vaccine, but I'm not going to claim that they're stupid or something.

Indeed, what I'm seeing saddens me greatly.

I'm old enough to remember a time in the country's history when scientists were real heroes.  When kids were asked what they wanted to be when they grew up, "scientist" was one of the common answers, right up there with astronaut, another common reply when I was a kid.  Both of those answers who what was in the common public mind at the time.

I've posted on this before, but the reason had a lot to do with World War Two.  When we went into the war we overnight became a nation dedicated to science.  We pretty clearly weren't going to train an army to overrun our enemies Japanese, German or Soviet style.  You can't send an army of voters with parents who are voters to their deaths that way.  Given that, technology was the only remaining answer.  If we weren't going to scream "Banzai!" and charge into battle, we'd just find a better way to kill those who were without getting ourselves killed.

Science.

The ultimate scientific expression of the war was the atomic bomb.  We went from the concept that maybe we could just risk fleets of airmen and bomb our enemies into submission to one in which we'd risk a single crew and obliterate our enemy.

Science again.

That's an extreme example, of course, but that's how we viewed it. And that's how we've viewed warfare ever since.

During the Cold War we lived in fear of Soviet science. Maybe they'd catch up and we'd have a real problem.  Scientists became our heroes.  And, at the same time, they wiped out polio, smallpox and came up with penicillin.  

Something's happened since then.

Well, a bunch of somethings, and ironically on the left and the right.

The Cold War ended, of course, but it was changing even before that.  Some scientists in the 1960s and 1970s took up the habit of warning us every week that we were all going to die immediately due to some environmental crisis. It was scary and it prompted movements and legislative changes that needed to be made.  The Clean Water Act, the Endangered Species Act, the Clean Air Act, etc., all came out of that.  But some of those who gave those warnings sort of reveled in it and, when the wolf doesn't come, eventually you not only stop listening to the warning but have disdain for the person giving it.

The whole thing had an interesting right/left participation.  On the left, some people came to view anything technological to be bad, with certain exceptions, ranging from nuclear power to pharmaceuticals to anything not "100% natural" in food. Some of these folks became opponents of vaccinations in general. At the same time, on the right, people became skeptical of warnings that seemingly everything we did was bad for us, or the planet. This also created a degree of skepticism concerning medicine.  

Retrospectively, it's hard to see how this situation could have been avoided.  Like most things that creep in, the point at which it begins to really get to be a problem is very much missed until its a full blown problem.  The real sign, probably, was when in the couple of years prior to the onset of the Pandemic, we started reading stories about children dying because their parents had avoided routine childhood vaccinations.

Then we had the Presidency of Donald Trump.

Love him or hate him, or something in between, it's pretty clear that Trump is a nearly unique American political figure.  I don't think he's wholly unique, quite frankly, like some claim. There may be one prior President whom he resembles fairly strongly in some ways, at least one Depression era political figure whom he does.  At any rate, he's pretty unique.

When the Pandemic came on in the mid-winter of 19/20, his initial reactions weren't really bad, contrary to the way people want to remember it.  He rapidly clamped down on travel to China.  His initial follow up actions, in spite of what people wish to do, also weren't really beyond the pale, as this was such an unusual event.  In retrospect, there was nothing that could have been done to keep the disease from entering the United States, and it likely already had by the time we were even aware of it being a problem.

But the arrival of a completely unexpected crisis creates problems of every type.  Trump was headinig into his fall 2020 campaign and, up until that point, he'd had a really strong economy, but continued to be plagued with a very strong opposition.  He'd received a minority of the popular votes in 2016 and there was every indication that his position hadn't improved in four years.  Then, out of the blue, a completley unexpected crisis hit.

Handling unexpected events is hard for any politician and his initial actions in minimalizing it were probably also understandable.  But overall, the crisis wasn't managed well for a long time and Trump himself continually disregarded the advice of the nation's top medical figures or even offered contrary views.  It fostered a certain politization of the disease that took root and has never gone away.  Trump himself was vaccinated, of course, but he ended up so completly at odds with his medical personnel that he couldn't really take credit for the rapid development of the vaccines, which was mostly under his watch.

Added to this, the entire episode fit into the spirit of the times in which people have become increasingly polarized on everything and there's come to be a massive level of distrust for figures in authority.  In order for this not to have occured, Trump would have had to vigorously endorsed the vaccines as soon as there was any hope for them, and he would also have had to vigorously supported those states which locked down hard.  

Now its too late.

Still, there's no real reason for people who probably really don't hold these views on their own to claim them if they aren't.  But there are clearly those who held opposite views and held their tongues for all this time.  Now it's a bit late.

Maybe it would have made no difference.  Trump was uniquely the pinnacle of focus for his followers and unless he'd vigorously followed the early recommednations, once the solidified, and taken an attitude that was uncharacteristic of him, things may have simply developed as they did.\

And so be it.

Now, the pandemic isn't presntly a big issue in the state's politics.  It sort of was earlier.  I can't help but wondering how many of the candidates really hold views that they're holding close to their vests, or which they're holding back from the forefront of their own minds, as they fear they'd be politically unpopular.

Indeed, I'm worried at this point that the Detla variant of COVID 19 is giong to take off here.  If you check Facebook (which I don't recommend) you'll again see all sorts of claims from the right wing "the news is just a conspiracy" to the left wing "it's going to only kill Republicans and that'd be a good thing".

And this is among ourselves.

If this becomes an issue, I hope the candidates, some of whom are extremely well educated, are really honest about their views.

This pertains to other matters too, I'd note.

There's always been the problem of people running for high office lying.  But I'd wager this year a lot more are than normal.  Just looking at the Wyoming race I'd guess that at least several of those running against Cheney personally regard the January 6 insurrection was just that.  However, of the current crop of candidates there's only one who is unwilling to fully endorse the view that the election was stolen.  That requires at least some explanation other than "Trump was good to us".

And this applies to another issue that's near and dear to Wyoming which is pretty much directly avoided being discussed, but which is now obvious to everyone.  It needs to be addressed, but doing so is too difficult for politicians, apparently, to admit, or at least Republican ones.  So we're pretending like it doesn't exist.

Sooner or later everything comes out in the wash and the truth won't allow itself, on any issue, to be perpetually ignored.  When that occurs, people tend to lie about being on the wrong side of an issue.  With the Internet, changing tunes is pretty much really impossible to escape notice of, however.  And the issues people are dealing with are now so big, there's really an obligation to be upfront about what you really know and believe. Everyone claims they want to be a leader, but there's a lot of following going on at some levels.


Which leads me to another thing.

Down below on this blog there's an item about turning the clock back.  Chesterton is correct on that, of course, but there's a caveat to it.  You can turn concepts and how they are applied back, or bring them back, where they have merit. But one thing you can't do is to turn certain existential matters back and have them exist in the same exact situation as they once did.  In other words, Thomase Wolfe is right when he states "you can't go home again. . .and stay there".

Listening to political dialog in the state I fear that this isn't grapsed or admitted.  The irony is that there are real things that we can turn back to, if we wish to conceive of them in that fashion, but that would require thinking out of the box and looking at things in a real longterm, existential, manner.

One of the things that keeps coming up in the current race, and by the time we're done every Republican candidate is going to say something along these lines, is that they "saved coal" or we "need to save coal".  That ship, however, has sailed.  Maybe it was a coal fired steamship, but it's gone.

The irony of coal is that it's been doing the Minnesota Long Goodbye for a really long time now.  The further irony is that most Wyoming politicians know this.

Talk to any member of the legislature you really know, and who will therefore speak with you honestly, and you'll find that most of them will fully acknowledge that coal is in the ICU, on life support, and the funeral plot is purchased.  Nobody will say that openly however as they don't want to be accused of being "anti coal".

For that matter, this is the same view that coal insiders tend to have, if you talk to them.  The petroleum industry tends to be the same way.  On television politicians may be discussing "saving" the fossil feul industry, but in the boardroom in the big companies they're talking about a post hydrocarbon world.

Indeed, if you've read the American Association of Petroleum Geologists monthly magazine, The Explorer, over the past few years you'd note that the AAPG never took a hard position on climate issues, which are driving part, but only part, of this, but instead wanted a voice for what they knew about paleoclimates.  Not getting one, they resigned themselves to things changing forever, which is where they are at.  And not just them, in the last issue they announced a merger with the primary geophysical engineering society.  Both of them are facing a world in which they acknowledge a deminished role for their occupations. . . and they aren't fighting it.

Given all of this a recent political ad about "saving Wyoming's coal jobs" is really coming from an odd direction.  No jobs have been saved, and the proposed legislative solutions to this have either come to naught or have failed.  A bill to require the owners of coal fired plants to attempt to find a seller for them before closing them, assuming it was Constitutional (which it might not have been) didn't pass and wouldn't have achieved anything if it had.  Repeated funding of the doomed lawsuit to attempt to force Pacific coast states to accept coal for shipping was another such example.

Nobody is willing to say this openly as it taps into a logic failure that's very common, which exists in these two variants:

1.  I like things the way they are and therefore they must be maintained this way and we can stop things from changing and should for this reason, and reasons to the contrary are invalid as I don't like them, or;

2.  I make my money from something that's going away and that must be stopped as that's how I make my money.

People don't quite think of things that way, but that's sort of how it actually is.  You really can't, for example, go to a coal miner and tell him his job is doomed and expect him to vote for you.


Well, maybe you can.

The electorate claims to want to be 

I had a paralegal once who had a very well done skillfully executed tattoo of "Prudence" and "Justice", two of the four Roman cardinal virtues rendered, of course, as female dieties in Roman mythology.  Somehow Veritas, truth, didn't make the cardinal list.

And I can see why. Purdence may be, to the Romans, the "mother of all virtues", but Veritas is a pain in the ass.  No, you can't smoke safely.  No, you can't drink alcohol constantly and get away with it.  No, you can't hit on every woman around you and not expect paybacks.  No, you can't mess with human nature and not get the existential dope slap.  

Veritas is always hanging around telling you thinks you don't want to hear.

Be that as it may, we all really want to know the truth, if only as part of a dedicated effort to seek to wholly avoid it.  But we also know, as a truth, we really can't.

So you have to wonder what would happen if a candidate was bold enough to do this?

As I was attempting to wrap up this over long post, recently retired Senator Mike Enzi died.

Enzi had to be releived to have left office when he did.  Not having to stand for reelection, which he would easily have won, meant he was spared the January 2020 insurrection and the drama that followed it.  We can be certain that he wouldn't have followed Ted Cruz in voting like Cynthia Lummis did, but we don't now what he would have otherwise have done.  My guess is that he would have voted to impeach, like Cheney, and now be subject to all sorts of personal attacks.

I note Enzi here as he was The Quiet Man in terms of being a Senator.  He didn't show up on television as a spokeman for the Administration. . . any Administration.  He just quietly did his job.  I don't know what he thought on a lot of things, but he retained his dignity and worked behind the scenes.  

As part of that, I didn't hear him making loud statements that really lacked a lot of detail to them, and I didn't see him taking extreme positions that subjected him to attack or had to be clawed back.  Our senior Senator for most of the Pandemic, he wasn't out there making a lot of statements on it.  I'd bet even money that he was vaccinated as soon as he could be, and would have stated that if anyone had asked. As far as I know, nobody did.

Enzi was a businessman originally from Thermopolis who was in the Wyoming Air National Guard during the height of the Vietnam War.  The Wyoming Air Guard actually flew missions in and out of South Vietnam, so it had unacknowledged wartime service.  I don't know about Enzi himself.  He moved to Gillette after university to go into the family business, and then later ran for mayor of Gillette.

I last saw him in a restaurant eating dinner quietly with his wife.  Nobody bothered him.  He didn't bother anybody either.

Enzi was as conservative as they come.  I don't doubt that if he was in office now, people would be accusing him of being a "RINO".  His business background was real but quiet.  He was an effective mayor and then state legislator, but not one who staged protests on the capitol grounds.  He wasn't a voice on the radio, a member of a group noted for its local activism, or backed by a monied import.

He died as the resuls of a bicycle accident at age 77, yesterday.

In some ways, it feels like the entire state's politics, and maybe those of the country, have died of trauma as well.

 

All along the watchtower. 

Princes kept the view 

While all the women came and went 

Barefoot servants, too 

Well, outside in the cold distance 

A wildcat did growl 

Two riders were approaching 

And the wind began to howl, hey


The 2021 Olympics and the rise of the female athelete.

I don't really follow the Olympics much anymore.  I'm not sure why, I just lost interest in it at some point.  Having said that, I've followed this one slightly more than usual.

Anyhow, having said that, this one has been really remarkable due to women.  And I don't necessarily mean their accomplishments in sport, but in standing up for something that really needed to change or to have attention drawn to them.

It started off, at least in my somewhat inattentive to sports view, when Australian Kaylee McKeown dropped out of the Olympics. What exactly motivated it remain (as far as I know) unknown, but it was really clear that she was extremely made due to unwanted sexual attention.

This is something we've read a lot about over the last several years, and it's been particularly bad in gymnastics, or at least that's where the news has been focused.  What exactly was going on is unclear, but McKeown basically called some people she had to deal with perverts and said she had enough.

That's remarkable enough in and of itself.  Usually nobody gets called a pervert until they've committed a string of really notable atrocities.  Even Bill Cosby, who was let out of prison recently, received a warm welcome back by his former Cosby costar, and It's pretty clear he was drugging women and then, well and then. . . 

Anyhow, the next notable event was when the German gymnastics team refused to wear the usual tight-fitting female gymnastics uniform and instead opted for the very athletic looking "unitards".

Other than the weird sounding name, this is a positive development. The German female gymnastic athletes look like. . . well really serious athletes.  This was way overdue.

Having said that, at least one American standout spoke on it and said she found the current US leotards to be less restrictive, and she liked them.  I'm okay with that, but I think the trend away from uniforms that exploited female appearance over performance was sexist, and it needs to go.

And nowhere was that more evident than in beach volleyball.

Beach volleyball arrived on the scene over 30 years ago at which time the networks started televising it on Saturdays.  It may have been a serious athletic endeavor at the time, and the women involved in it are obviously athletes, but at least from my point of view it seemed an exercise in televising women, at first wearing as little as conceivably possible.  I was surprised when the sport crossed over to the Olympics, but that showed how serious of sport it had become.

It turns out that the female beach volleyball teams were still required to preform as close to nude as you could. Well, this year the Norwegian team said they had enough and chose to wear shorts rather than bikini bottoms.  Heck, it isn't as if they're going swimming, and they were simply tired of being ogled rather than admired for their athletic accomplishments.

This met a threat of a fine, and they just charged on anyhow.  US singer Pink, whom I don't otherwise follow, said she'd pay the fines.  Good for her.

It's common to note how women's sports have come along ways in recent years, and they certainly have.  Sports remain the one area of society where the differences between men and women are still acknowledged which is why in most areas men and women are segregated into men's sports and women's.  Hopefully for most, this continues, in a real recognition of the physical differences, although in some areas, it really makes no sense. Why, for example, are the shooting sports segregated by sex?  At any rate, however, one area where women's sports have continued to be anchored in seemingly the Hugh Hefner era has been in what they've been required to wear, which was reduced to cutesy in some circumstances, or outright 1960s/70s sexists in others.

Good riddance to that.

And the more power to the rise of the female athlete.

Wednesday July 27, 1921. Insulin isolated.

On this day in 1921 the Insulin A hormone was successfully isolated for the first time by Canadian scientists Frederick Banting and Best.

Best and Banting.

Their discovery, with Banting in the lead, involved the use of dogs, which they gave diabetes and then reversed, confirming their discovery.  They didn't announce it until later that Fall.  

Banting would receive a Nobel Prize in 1923 at which time he was 32  years old, still the youngest recipient in the medical category.  Canada granted Banting a lifetime annuity to continue his studies and he was knighted in 1932.

Banting's Nobel Prize was shared with J. J. R. Macleod who ovesaw his work as he had no training in physicology.  Macleod assigned James Collip, a biochemist to the project.  Interstingly, the team did not get along and Banting and Macleod were at odds over it as it went along, with Macleod skeptical of the project.  The Nobel Prize was controversial, and Banting somewhat discounted Macleod's role, which in later years was found to be greater than it was supposed at the time.

Both me felt that their colleagues were unfairly omitted.  Banting shared half of his prize money with Best, and Macleod shared half with Collip.

Banting went on to a notable and sometimes controversial publich career, engaging in a public dispute with the Hudson's Bay Company over the treatment of Canadian natives.  He died in an airplane accident in 1941, at which time he was working in the field of aviation medicine.

Best went on to a long career in medicine.  Macleod returned to Scotland as a professor and died in 1935 at age 58.  His reputation did not recover during his lifetime and was tarnishes by both Best and Banting, but it has since recovered.  Collip continued on in a long career.

On the same day Japan agreed to attend disarmament talks in the United States.

Sunday, July 25, 2021

Friday, July 25, 1941. The U.S. Freezes Assets, Churchill Plans a Trip, Germany Advances Horrors.

Franklin Roosevelt froze Japanese assets in the United States, with the immediate cause of this being the Japanese occupation of French Indochina.

The Japanese entering Saigon. Bicycles were a common means of conveyance in most armies at the time, with the U.S. being a real exception.

It'd be a mistake, of course, to view that as the sole cause, but it was instrumental in it.  Japan was getting more aggressive in its expansion, having now moved its military into Indochina.  It technically had French acquiescence to this, but as a practical matter, Vichy had little it could do about it.  Japan had already intervened militarily in the northern part of Indochina a year prior, so they were already there.   That had in fact resulted in fighting between the Vichy French and the Japanese, but Japanese occupation was a fact.  Indeed, Japan had already secured permission to garrison troops in southern Indochina.

Free French poster criticizing the Vichy administration's collaboration with Japan.

It hadn't because it remained concerned about the Soviet Union.  It's presence in Indochina had been ancillary to their war with China, but with increasingly difficult relations with the United States, and the United Kingdom, that focus changed once Germany invaded the Soviet Union.  The Japanese correctly guessed that the Soviets wouldn't interfere with them in any fashion while they were fighting the Germans.  Given that, Imperial Japan set its sights on the Dutch East Indies, and its oil, and war with the United States.

While Japanese occupation of Indochina was already a fact, the formal change is something that really couldn't be ignored by the U.S.  It was one step closer to war by both parties.

Oddly, China's assets were also frozen, and this by request of Chiang Kai Shek, the leader of Nationalist China.  While not exactly knowing why, this may be because Chiang had concerns about Chinese assets being used by the Japanese and, of course, he also faced a domestic competitor in the form of the Chinese Communist Party, which was contesting the Nationalist for control of China.

Also, on this day King George VI gave permission for Prime Minister Churchill to travel to the United States to meet with Roosevelt.  Permission was a formality, of course.

Not a formality was the growing relationship between Churchill and Roosevelt, often described as a friendship but in reality a species of alliance.  Churchill's visit was to be a secret and was part of the building of that alliance.

Germany established Reichskommissariat Ostland, the administrative unit for the occupied Baltics and Belarus, on this day.  The plan for the region was to Germanize the Baltics and to settle it with Germans.  The region was regarded as "European" by the Germans due to the prior influence of Germany, Sweden and Denmark.  The Belarusians were regarded as hopelessly backwards peasants who would be exploited.  Jews, of course, were to be killed.

Germany began to act on these plans immediately, which is somewhat of a surprise in context.  Not only did the Germans begin to slaughter Jewish residents of the area, along with Communists, but it also began to move German settlers into the areas it had taken.  Indeed, while he has said little about it, one individual I know had a grandfather who had moved into the Eastern lands, resulting of course in his status as a refugee later on.

Monday July 25, 1921. Ignoring the vote and things not being what they seem.

On this day, a century ago, the Belgium-Luxembourg Economic Union's treaty was signed in spite of national opposition to it, which was expressed in the form of a "no" vote during a referendum on the topic.

I suppose the fact that the people didn't want it, and they got it anyway, is a lesson in more than one way.

The treaty united the economies of the two countries.

Princess Fatima of Afghanistan secured an audience with President Harding through the offices, oddly enough, of notorious imposter Stanley Clifford Weyman.

The princess, her family, and Weyman, in Naval uniform, with another imposter, in top hat, we discussed recently.

Well, in actuality nobody was who they seemed to have been, except President Harding.  And as we've discussed before, even Harding wasn't completely who he seemed to be in some ways.

Anyhow, Fatima wasn't really a princess.  In spite of her best efforts to secure an audience with Harding, she hadn't received one, which is no surprise as Afghanistan, at that time, was far from an American concern. The distant country had just received its independence and was of very little interest to the distant United States.

Fatima wanted, apparently, to be a princess  and secure positions for her three sons.  Weyman took note and posted as a Naval officer and actually secured an audience for her.  Be that as it may, it didn't achieve anything for her or anyone in this photo, except perhaps for Weyman who secured some notoriety.

Weyman went on to sting of later such false flag type of acts before being shot to death attempting to stop a robbery in 1960.  The police detective at the time noted that he knew Weyman's history, but what he actually did in his final act was brave.

Of note, one of the things that the New York Times reported on, regarding the would be Princess Fatima, is that she had a diamond stud in her nose, which was regarded as very exotic at the time.

Churches of the West: The Extraordinary Form of the Mass a Week Later, and the Novus Ordo.

Churches of the West: The Extraordinary Form of the Mass a Week Later, a...

The Extraordinary Form of the Mass a Week Later, and the Novus Ordo.


I'm including this video of the Extraordinary Form of the Mass so that people like me, who have never seen the old Tridentine Mass, know what it is like.

It's been a week and a day since Pope Francis put new restrictions on the use of the Extraordinary Form of the Mass, after his predecessors Popes Benedict and Pope St. John Paul the Great having allowed for the expanded use. It's also been, therefore, a week of really extensive discussion among Catholics, or at least among those Catholics who pay attention to such things, which is quite a few.  Generally, the reaction has been shock, to shock and understanding, to shock and angst.

The Pope's orders allow the Extraordinary Form to go on, but with much more in the way of restrictions at the Diocesan level.  Bishops can choose to omit it entirely if they wish to.  Most aren't, and in the US a lot of them gave immediate approval for those now offering it to continue to do so. 

Beyond that, however, the likely result of the order will be the eventual elimination of the Trindentine form completely, as newly ordained Priests will require Papal approval to offer it and they are very unlikely to receive it, at least from Pope Francis.  Why is that?

Well, while his actions were sudden, immediate, and came without warning, he made his opinions clear that in his letter.  His action was taken as it was his concern that the Extraordinary From was a center of ongoing and perhaps even building resistance to Vatican II, and he was done with that.

And in fact, while I'd like to dispute his action, I feel he was basically right.  I note that Catholic Answers host Cy Kellet, in his typical much more gentle way, essentially came to the same point of view, while also lamenting the action to some extent.

Kellet also noted, which would not have occurred to me, that when prior Popes authorized the Extraordinary Form they did not envision it going on forever.  This is occurring in the Latin Rite of the Church, and there was now intent to have two rites within the Latin Rite.  Just one. 

I'm sure that's correct as well.

The old rite was allowed to continue as an accommodation to those who were attached to the old form, and frankly to try to avoid an outright schism with the SSPX.  Pope Francis seems done with that as well and referred to those problems as a "schism", even though in later years it hasn't been regarded as one and Pope St. John Paul II was, if I recall correctly, very careful about formally declaring one in the hopes of avoiding one.   What happens now with these groups remains to be seen.  No healing of the rift is likely.

One thing that this has done for people like me, who have never seen a Tridentine Mass, is to expand our knowledge on the topic.  And in doing so, at least in my case, and in the views of some others I've heard discuss it, it has expanded our appreciation of the current Ordinary Form.

The Ordinary Form, or Novus Ordo as it's often referred to, has features the Tridentine Mass does not.  Those attached to the old form point out that there are prayers in the Tridentine Mass that are omitted in the Novus Ordo. That's true, but it's also the case that the readings in the Trindentine Mass never changed, but were the same year after year.  In the Novus Ordo they do change and something on the order of 85% of the readings in the Bible, Old and New Testament, are covered over a four-year period.  I was shocked, frankly, that wasn't the case in the Tridentine Mass.

Given all of this, frankly, Pope Francis was right.

Not that this means that the story we're dealing with here is really over.  Pope Francis is old, and obviously not in the best of health.  His papacy has been controversial with conservative Catholics, and he's gathered a lot of opposition in the pews and also with certain Bishops. To my surprise, Bishop Burke issued a statement questioning his ability to act on the Latin Mass as he did, which shows how deep some opposition is (I think there's very little question he can do what he did).  Given his age and trends, long term, there's more than a little bit of a chance this action may see modification by his successors.

Whatever that may mean, it's also worth noting that some of the current turmoil that we're seeing came about not due to Vatican II, but the abuse of it's "spirit".  The Novus Ordo, as we've already pointed out, wasn't really a product of Vatican II but came about in its era.  That's often completely missed.  Abuses occurred with the Novus Ordo that were never envisioned by the Papacy.  And, as Kellet pointed out, the "alter rails didn't have to come out".  In recent years there's been an effort to fix this and things have in fact dramatically improved in many locations.  Sort of a symbolic, if not actual, restoration of the alter rails.

That trend is likely to continue

Best Posts of the Week of July 18, 2021.

The best posts of the week of July 18, 2021.

Pope Francis restricts the use of the Extraordinary Form.


Saturday, July 24, 2021

Blog Mirror: A Hundred Years Ago; Hundred-year-old Tips for Packing Sandwiches.

A Hundred Years Ago has an item from 1921 about packing sandwiches.   The item starts out noting that until the author saw the item linked in, she'd never thought about how this was done a century ago.

Slicing British "war bread" to make sandwiches for incoming American troops, UK, World War One.

Nor had I.

This is one of those items of routine life that this blog was started to explore, with the concept of being authentic in a novel that I'm not making much progress on.

It's interesting how we miss these little details.  I know how we pack sandwiches now, and of course I know that they existed a century ago, but I never thought about how you'd pack them.  I can't say that I like the concept expressed for packing them at that time either, but It's interesting to note it was a problem, and cellophane wrapping was obviously not the solution.

Friday, July 23, 2021

"Imagine". I'm imaging a world in which John Lennon's vapid pop mush anthem isn't played anymore.

"Imagine".

You know, the John Lennon song.

The opening ceremonies of the Olympics are on right now and, of course, somebody had to decide that this song, essentially expressing the exact same sentiments as The Communist Manifesto, must be played.

What Lennon "imagined" in his song was a world so devoid of values of any kind, and so demanding of universal group think, that there's be a sort of bland world peace of the lazy vapid.  Of course, no world can be created that would be peaceful dedicated only to the proposition of believing nothing whatsoever.  

What keeps this Marxist musical memento going is hard to say.  A lot of it is that songs that might be genuinely devoted to peace require people to devote themselves to something pretty significant.  Ave Maria, for example, would be a better option, but that's going to make somebody mad, as that would require a certain set of beliefs, at least at some level.  Imagine doesn't require you to do anything other than not think.

Shining shoes.


A video on "fire shining" boots.

Does anyone even do this anymore?

Shine their shoes to a  high polish, that is.

Maybe they do.  I still see shoe shine stands in places like airports, for example, and I see people getting their shoes shined there.  But It's certainly not like it once was.

When I was a kid, my father wore wingtips down to his office nearly every day.  He has a black pair and an oxblood pair.  I associated those sorts of shoes with adult work, as a result. 

He didn't keep them shined to a high polish, but he did polish them relatively regularly.  

Later, when I was a CAP cadet in my mid-teens, I was issued a pair of the then current black Corcoran jump boots, which are I'd note a fine boot.  I'm surprised that we were issued something of such quality, frankly, but we were, which may have been as the USAF issued jump boots to their MPs at the time (they might still, I don't know) and our feet were small.  In retrospect, they had a surprising amount of stuff for small sized servicemen that was issued to the CAP, including Tiger Stripe jungle combat trousers that, if you look it up, were never "official" issue to anyone. Well, be that it may, they had a lot of them and I had several pairs as a result.  

Now, by the way, they're worth a fortune.

I wore mine duck hunting and then, when I grew too big for them (they were really small) I gave them away.

Anyhow, once I had black jump boots I had to learn how to shine them, which I did.

That's the first I'd ever heard of fire shining, as some of the CAP cadet officers were big on stuff like that.  I never did it, and still haven't, as I don't like playing with fire.

I did learn, however, how to polish jump boots to a high shine, something that proved useful when I joined the National Guard, as we were issued black combat boots and the Army was big on shining shoes at the time.

When I mustered out of the Guard I more or less mustered out of regularly shining shoes.  I occasionally shine my cowboy boots and I also will occasionally shine my dress shoes.  I really ought to more often than I do.  I don't shine my boots, i.e., my boots that aren't cowboy boots, ever.  I will occasionally water proof them, however.

Of course, really formal dress shoes are simply worn less often than they once were.  I don't wear mine every day, although I'm sure a week hardly ever goes by when I don't wear them.  Still, I'm not very good about polishing them.

Fire shine?  Well, hardly necessary.  Simply using shoe polishing and buffering gets all the shine you really need.

Friday July 23, 1921. Standing Inspection.


 The Virginia National Guard stood for inspection on this date at Camp (now Fort) Meade.

The Virginia National Guard wasn't the only group of men, and they were all men at the time, tenting, or at least camping of a sort.

President Harding, Thomas A. Edison, Henry Ford and Harvey Firestone also were on this day in 21.

The men had been a camping circle for years, styling themselves the Vagabonds.  It gave them a chance to get away, and discuss stuff.

On this day the Chinese Communist Party met for the first time.  It had 57 members and adjourned from a room meeting to one on a boat, which was safer.  The meeting was in the Chinese French Concession in Shanghai, which remains an area of China that features French architecture.

On the same day, also in China, Sun Yat-sen announced that his self-declared government was ceasing relations with the government in Beijing.

The Interrogation We've ALL Been Through

Thursday, July 22, 2021

July 22, 1941. Vichy France and Imperial Japan entered a mutual defense pact . . .

 as hard as that is to envision.

For all practical purposes, the Vichy administration in Indochina was practically on its own during the war and saw itself as fairly helpless in regard to Japan. The following day, it would allow Japanese troops to enter French Indochina.

Slovak forces engaged in combat for the first time with the Red Army at Lypovec.

They did not cover themselves in glory, from the prospective of the invading Axis forces, as they reacted poorly to combat and suffered defections.  Indeed, the Slovaks withdrew some of their forces all the way back to Slovakia on the pretext that they couldn't repair equipment in the field.

While this was an extreme example, it showed a weakness in the German efforts.  By and large, the rank and file of Germany's allies in the USSR were not enthusiastic about the cause, and indeed some of the nations that had sent them into it were lukewarm. The national reasons for joining Germany varied, but at the troop level it was an unwelcome war against a powerful enemy.  Of Germany's allies that were full participants in the war, only Finland really had troops that were first-rate.

The Vichy government again restricted Jewish participation in French civil life, now requiring the registration of their businesses, as noted here:

Today in World War II History—July 22, 1941

Friday July 22, 1921. The Disaster at Annul.

Spanish forces in Morocco, fighting in the Rif War, sustained a defeat at the Battle of Annul.   The defeat was crushing and involved the loss of the entire Spanish command right down to senior leadership.  Only a cavalry unit was able to maintain order and extract itself in a fighting retreat. Most of the command being made up of Spanish conscripts, they lost order quickly and were mowed down by Moroccan forces.

Bodies of Spanish soldiers killed in the battle being observed in January, 1922.

The disaster led to a Spanish retreat that would feature additional disasters.  Losses at Annul amounted to at least 13,000 Spanish dead out of a command of 20,000.

Spain was in Morocco, as was France, as part of an effort to expand its colonies into Africa.  Spain had, of course, a long association with Morocco, and it was frequently not a pleasant one.  Morocco had proven politically weak, but Berber tribes were highly organized and fielded what amounted to a regular army.  Spain in contrast garrisoned conscripts in the country who did not wish to be there, and its officer corps spent most of its time in non-military, and often low, pursuits.  Spain's military leadership believed that its forces would prevail, when the Rif Berbers went into war with them, simply because they were Spanish.

As an added comment on this disaster, It's interesting to note that it didn't instantly destroy the Spanish government and bring it down.  It actually did contribute to that, and a coup resulted in 1923, but it was a military coup, not a coup that tossed out the monarchy right that moment. That would take until 1931 when a democratic regime, albeit a very shaky one, was restored.

Additionally, for those who romanticize monarchy, and there are those who do, the Spanish crown was a Catholic monarchy but the military mission to Morocco was a moral sewer.  Prostitution was rife in the territory with Spanish prostitutes following the Spanish army into the region, resulting in a high social disease infection rate.  Officers were far from immune from this and the molestation of Moroccan women was common, which no doubt contributed to the rebellion.

Friday, July 22, 1921. The Douglas Aircraft Company founded.

On this day in 1921 the legendary Douglas Aircraft Company was founded in Santa Monica, California.

A manufacturer of legendary aircraft, particularly the DC-3, the company merged with McDonnell Aircraft in 1967.  The new McDonnell Douglas merged with Boeing in 1997.


Wednesday, July 21, 2021

Mid Week At Work. "War production workers at the Vilter [Manufacturing] Company making M5 and M7 guns for the U.S. Army, Milwaukee, Wis. Ex-housewife, age 24, filing small parts. Her husband and brother are in the armed service."


 

Monday July 21, 1941. National Emergency.

President Roosevelt sent to a message to Congress asking it to declare a national emergency in order that military reservists could be retained.

The message read:

TO THE CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES

Last year the Congress of the United States recognizing the gravity of the world situation held that common prudence required that American defence, at that time relatively very weak, be strengthened in its two aspects. The first called for the production of munitions of all kinds. The second called for the training and service of personnel. The Selective Training and Service Act authorized the annual induction into military service of a maximum of 900,000 men for this training and service, of whom 600,000 are now in the army. The Congress also authorized the induction into service of the National Guard, the reserve officers, and other reserve components of the Army of the United States.

In the absence of further action by the Congress, all of those involved must be released from active service on the expiration of twelve months. This means that beginning this Autumn about two-thirds of the Army of the United States will begin a demobilization.

The action taken last year was appropriate to the international situation at that time. It took into consideration the small size and the undeveloped state of our armed forces. The National Guard, which then formed the bulk of these forces, had to be seasoned; its technical training and general efficiency greatly improved. The ranks of the National Guard and the Regular Army had to be brought to full strength; and, in addition, the army required for its tremendous expansion the services of approximately 50,000 reserve officers.

In effect, two steps were taken for the security of the nation. First, the Selective Service Act initiated annual military training as a prime duty of citizenship. Second, the organization and training of field armies was begun-training in team-work-company by company, battalion by battalion, regiment by regiment, and division by division. The objective was to have ready at short notice an organized and integrated personnel of over 1,000,000 men.

I need scarcely emphasize the fact that if and when an organized and integrated company, battalion, regiment or division is compelled to send two-thirds of its members home, those who return to civil life, if called to the colors later on, would have to go through a new period of organization and integration before the new unit to which they were assigned could be depended on for service. The risks and the weaknesses caused by dissolving a trained army in times of national peril were pointed out by George Washington over and over again in his Messages to the Continental Congress.

It is, therefore, obvious that if two-thirds of our present army return to civilian life, it will be almost a year before the effective army strength again reaches one million men.

Today it is imperative that I should officially report to the Congress what the Congress undoubtedly knows: that the international situation is not less grave but is far more grave than it was a year ago. It is so grave, in my opinion, and in the opinion of all who are conversant with the facts, that the army should be maintained in effective strength and without diminution of its effective numbers in a complete state of readiness. Small as it is in comparison with other armies, it should not suffer any form of disorganization or disintegration.

Therefore, we would be taking a grave national risk unless the Congress were to make it possible for us to maintain our present full effective strength and during the coming year give training to as many additional Americans as we can, when immediate readiness for service becomes more and more a vital precautionary measure, the elimination of approximately two-thirds of our trained soldiers, and about three-fourths of the total officer personnel, would be a tragic error.

Occasional individuals, basing their opinions on unsupported evidence or on no evidence at all, may with honest intent assert that the United States need fear no attack on its own territory or on the other nations of this hemisphere by aggressors from without.

Nevertheless, it is the well-nigh unanimous opinion of those who are daily cognizant, as military and naval officers and as government servants in the field of international relations, that schemes and plans of aggressor nations against American security are so evident that the United States and the rest of the Americas are definitely imperiled in their national interests. That is why reluctantly, and only after a careful weighing of all facts and all events, I recently proclaimed that an unlimited national emergency exists.

It is not surprising that millions of patriotic Americans find it difficult in the pursuit of their daily occupations and in the normal lives of their families to give constant thought to the implications of happenings many thousand of miles away. It is hard for most of us to bring such events into focus with our own readily accepted and normal democratic ways of living.

That is why I must refer again to the sequence of conquests-German conquests or attacks-which have continued uninterruptedly throughout several years-all the way from the coup against Austria to the present campaign against Russia.

Every move up and down and across Europe, and into Asia, and into Africa has been conducted according to a time schedule utilizing in every case an overwhelming superiority not only in materiel but in trained men as well. Each campaign has been based on a preliminary assurance of safety or non-aggression to the intended victim. Each campaign has been based on disarming fear and gaining time until the German Government was fully ready to throw treaties and pacts to the winds and simultaneously to launch an attack in overwhelming force.

Each elimination of a victim has brought the issue of Nazi domination closer to this hemisphere, while month by month their intrigues of propaganda and conspiracy have sought to weaken every link in the community of interests that should bind the Americas into a great western family.

I do not think that any branch of the Government of the United States will be willing to let America risk the fate which has destroyed the independence of other nations.

We Americans cannot afford to speculate with the security of America.

Furthermore, we have a definite responsibility to every country in the Western Hemisphere-to aid each and every one of them against attack from without the Hemisphere. I do not believe that any branch of the American Government would desire today to abrogate our Pan-American pacts or to discard a policy which we have maintained for nearly a century and a quarter.

If we do not reverse this historic policy, then it is our duty to maintain it. To weaken our army at this particular time would be, in my judgment, an act of bad faith toward our neighbors.

I realize that personal sacrifices are involved in extending the period of service for selectees, the National Guard and other reserve components of our army. I believe that provision now can and will be made in such an extension to relieve individual cases of undue hardship, and also to relieve older men who should, in justice, be allowed to resume their civilian occupations as quickly as their services can be spared.

Nevertheless, I am confident that the men now in the ranks of the army realize far better than does the general public, the disastrous effect which would result from permitting the present army, only now approaching an acceptable state of efficiency, to melt away and set us back at least six months while new units are being reconstituted from the bottom up and from the top down with new drafts of officers and men.

The legislation of last year provided definitely that if national danger later existed, the one year period of training could be extended by action of the Congress.

I do not believe that the danger to American safety is less than it was one year ago when, so far as the army was concerned, the United States was in a woefully weak position. I do not believe that the danger to our national safety is only about the same as it was a year ago.

I do believe-I know-that the danger today is infinitely greater. I do believe-I know-that in all truth we are in the midst of a national emergency.

I am not asking the Congress for specific language in a specific bill. But I can say frankly that I hope the Congress will acknowledge this national emergency either for a specific period or until revocation by the Congress or the President.

The objective is, of course, the all important issue. It is to authorize continuance in service of selectees, National Guard and reserve components of the army and the retired personnel of the Regular Army, with the understanding that, should the exigencies of the situation permit, early return to civil pursuits will follow in due course.

Because of the swiftness of modern events, I think the Congress should also remove the restrictions in regard to the numbers of selectees inducted each year for training and service.

And, in order to reduce individual hardships to a minimum, I urge that the Congress provide that employers be asked to continue to keen jobs open for their employees who have been held in the army. For my part I will direct the return to civil life of officers and men whose retention on active duty would impose undue hardship and that selectees and enlisted men of the National Guard, who have reached the age of twenty-eight, be transferred from active service to a reserve component as rapidly as possible.

At great cost to the nation, and at increasing dislocation of private buying, we are accepting the material burdens necessary for our security. In such matters we accept the fact of a crisis in our history.

It is true that in modern war men without machines are of little value. It is equally true that machines without men are of no value at all. Let us consolidate the whole of our defense-the whole of our preparation against attack by those enemies of democracy who are the enemies of all that we hold dear.

One final word: time counts. Within two months disintegration, which would follow failure to take Congressional action, will commence in the armies of the United States. Time counts. The responsibility rests solely with the Congress.

Roosevelt's obvious concern was that a failure of Congress to authorize the emergency would result in the release of hundreds of thousands of National Guardsmen and large numbers of reservists, something that would have been crippling to the build up of the U.S. military in anticipation of war.

The address also illustrates the difference between the Regular armed forces and the Reserves.  President Roosevelt noted the numerous reserve commissions in the Army system.  It's often not appreciated that most of the military in really big build-ups is officered by men who are commissioned as reservists, not regulars.  In World War Two the reserve officers vastly outnumbered the regular officers in the Navy and the Army.  This distinction doesn't exist for enlisted men, but for officers in wartime, or even in large peacetime buildups, it very much does.  For example, most of the officers in the service during the Cold War, up until the elimination of conscription, were reservists.

The opposition to the President's request, and it did exist, was focused on the obvious fact that the US was so deep into preparing for war, imagining the country avoiding it was becoming very difficult to do.

The following photos, taken at Ft. Benning on this day in 1941, show some of that build up.


They also demonstrate the nature of the Army at the time, and it as a mirror on American society. These troops are African Americans going to new permanent billets. The Army was, of course, segregated.

It would remain mostly segregated throughout the war, something that was the topic of criticism even at the time.

Some significant and very interesting entries on the Today In World War II History blog for this date:

Today in World War II History—July 21, 1941

Among these are the expansion of the Concentration Camp system in Poland and the Luftwaffe commencing bombing of Moscow.

Also very interesting is the start of an aluminum salvage drive in the U.S., which of course wasn't yet at war as noted.  Material shortages were already a concern.

On the same day the Luftwaffe commenced nighttime bombing over Moscow, Hitler visited his officers on the Eastern Front.