Thursday, January 26, 2023

Friday, January 26, 1923. The Sun-Joffre Maniefesto (孫文越飛宣言)

Sun Yat-sen and Communist envoy Adolph Joffe entered into the Sun-Joffre Maniefesto (孫文越飛宣言) providing that the Republic of China and the Soviet Union would cooperate with each other, while acknowledging that the Soviet system wasn't appropriate for China.

Sun Yat-sen is enormously admired to this day, but frankly there's plenty of reasons to regard him at least a little questionably.  This is an early example of Nationalist China leaning pretty heavily to the left, which it did for many years.  The Republic of China and the Soviet Union were sort of uneasy fellow travelers for quite some time.

Joffe was a Trotskyite whose health was already declining.  After Lenin's death and Trotsky's expulsion from the Communist Party, he was refused exit for medical treatment by the USSR and killed himself.  He almost certainly wouldn't have made it through the 30s had he been well.

The U.S. Army was photographed driving some of its trucks in Washington, D.C.



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