On this date in 1943, the puppet fascist Italian Social Republic was founded. Venice was its capital, wih most of its government offices in the resort town of Salò.
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And so Mussolini would consign Italy to a species of civil war over a doomed cause.
The Holocaust expanded with Ernst Kaltenbrunner, head of the SS-Reichssicherheitshauptamt issuing an order for the deportation of Jews from Nazi-occupied nations (Italy, Denmark, Hungary and Romania) and to negotiate for the same in Switzerland, Spain, Portugal, Sweden, Finland and Turkey, none of which would comply.
As if there was any doubt, 80 years later, as of its true focus, as the fortune of the Nazi regime faded, it grasped for complete murderous annihilation of Europe's Jews.
Kaltenbrunner was an Austrian SS official during the war who was a major figure in the murder. He was tried and executed in 1946.
On the same day, the Germans began the removal of Jewish residents of Vilnius.
The Red Army took Poltava.
The Free French took Bonifacio, Corsica.
The British 10th Corps, part of the US 5th Army, began clearing the passes to Naples.
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