Juan Peron, controversial figure of Argentina, returned to that country.
Person had started off as a career officer in the Argentine military, and participated in the coup which overthrew the democratically elected government in 1943. Her served as President of Argentina from 1946 to 1955 when he himself was overthrown in a coup, but returned to the country this year, having remained a figure in politics the entire time, and would soon return to power, albeit briefly given his 1974 death.
Politically, Peron is difficult for Americans to grasp and is often poorly defined. He held a corporatism view of economics, which is a view he shared with Italian fascists, although he cannot be regarded as a fascists himself. He's ultimately found his own political party, which held the following corporatist's tenants:
1. A true democracy is that one in which the government does what the people want and defends only one interest: the people's.
2 Peronism is essentially of the common people. Any political elite is anti-people, and thus, not Peronist.
3 A Peronist works for the movement. Whoever, in the name of Peronism, serves an elite or a leader, is a Peronist in name only.
4 For Peronism, there is only one class of person: those who work.
5 Working is a right that creates the dignity of men; and it's a duty, because it's fair that everyone should produce as much as they consume at the very least.
6. For a good Peronist, there is nothing better than another Peronist.
7 No Peronist should feel more than what he is, nor less than what he should be. When a Peronist feels more than what he is, he begins to turn into an oligarch.
8 When it comes to political action, the scale of values of every Peronist is: Argentina first; the movement second; and thirdly, the individuals.
9. Politics are not an end, but a means for the well-being of Argentina: which means happiness for our children and greatness for our nation.
10. The two arms of Peronism are social justice and social help. With them, we can give a hug of justice and love to the people.
13. Peronism desires national unity and not struggle. It wants heroes, not martyrs.
14. Kids should be the only privileged class.
15. A government without doctrine is a body without soul. That's why Peronism has a political, economic and social doctrine: Justicialism.
16. Justicialism is a new philosophy of life: simple, practical, of the common people, and profoundly Christian and humanist.
17. As political doctrine, Justicialism balances the right of the individual and society.
18. As an economic doctrine, Justicialism proposes a social market, putting capital to the service of the economy and the well-being of the people.
19. As a social doctrine, Justicialism carries out social justice, which gives each person their rights in accordance to their social function.
20. Peronism wants an Argentina socially 'fair', economically 'free' and politically 'sovereign'.
21. We establish a centralized government, an organized State and a free people.
22. In this land, the best thing we have is our people.
The party took the term Justicalist for itself, and oddly had a female branch, as a second party, headed by Eva Peron, his second wife.
Peron was married three times, outliving his first two wives.
His first wife, Aurelia, is barely recalled, no doubt because of Peron's real rise to power came after her death by uterine cancer in 1938, at which time she was 36.
His second wife Eva was a legend and became celebrated in a musical in which she was played by Madonna. She was an Argentine basque who was born illegitimately with he father being a wealthy rancher who maintained two families, although he later abandoned his second, illegitimate one, leaving them in poverty. She was 33 at the time of her death in 1952 of cervical cancer, by which time she had become a very public Justicalist figure at a time in which female public political figures were quite rare. She was regarded as being very glamorous.
His third, Isabel, outlived him and succeeded him as President.
For reasons that were hard for me to grasp at the time, the Peron's had quite a sympathetic following in the United States, and I guess they must still somewhat, or at least did at the time that Evita! was filmed. This might in part be because Eva Peron was such an unusual figure. I can recall my mother finding the Peron's very interesting and admiring them.
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