Ostensibly exploring the practice of law before the internet. Heck, before good highways for that matter.
Saturday, November 19, 2022
Thursday, November 19, 1942. Operation Uranus launched.
Sunday, November 19, 1922. The Last Ottoman Caliph
In a move that may be regarded as genuinely confusing, Abdulmejid II was elected to the office of Caliph of the Muslim people by the Turkish Grand National Assembly.
The former Crown Prince accordingly, at least if you agreed with the Grand National Assembly's religious powers, became head of Islam in a fashion. He'd last in that role for two years before the Grand National Assembly, apparently also confused as to why it, as a secular body, would do that, abolished the office.
The Ottoman claim to be able to appoint a Caliph was never uncontested, although as it was a large empire the position held weight, even after its expiration. Islam was itself divided following Mohammed's death in 632 with the division arising over who would lead it.
Abdulmejid II went into exile in Europe following the abolishment of the office in 1924.
Friday, November 18, 2022
Saturday, November 18, 1922. Sanctuary
The USNS Sanctuary was recommissioned and became, at the same time, the first U.S. Navy ship with a mixed male/female company.
The hospital ship had entered service originally in 1944 and served in that war, as well as the Korean and Vietnam Wars. It was decommissioned and commissioned three times during its service before being finally decommissioned in 1975. She was sold for scrap in 2011.
Wednesday, November 18, 1942. Cyrene.
The 8th Army, on this day in 42, reached Cyrene, Libya.
That Libyan city was founded in 631 BC. It is likely most well known to people in the west for the reason that it was the place of origin of Simon of Cyrene. At the time, it had a large Jewish population of approximately 100,000, due to a forcible settlement there during the Egyptian reign of Greek general Ptolemy Soter. It would become, like many Libyan coastal cities, an important center of early Christianity.
Marshal Pétain granted Vichy Prime Minister Pierre Laval the authority to rule by decree. Vichy was had already become a rump state and had, for all practical purposes, lost its legitimacy at this point.
President Roosevelt ordered the registration for Selective Service of all men who had turned 18 years of age after July 1, 1942, thereby increasing the conscription pool by 500,000 men.
Saturday, November 18, 1922. Tragedies near and far.
It was Saturday on this date in 1922, and the Saturday Evening Post went to press with a female golfer, an odd choice for a time of year that's nearly winter in much of the country.
The Naval Academy formed up its midshipmen for a portrait.
While a huge tragedy was unfolding in Turkey, a smaller tragedy struck closer to home.
I know the Bolton Creek Road well, but I know of know oilfields on it, although I can think of a fwe abandoned wells. Bear Creek enters the North Platte near where Bolton Creek does, but I don't know of any place that the Bolton Creek Road crosses it. Having said that, there is a good modern bridge across Bear Creek, which is normally dry, on an improved road which just recently was the subject of controversy when the current owners of that ranch, the Martons, attempted to sell it to the Federal Government only to encounter the objection of the State. Hopefully that will be worked out soon.
Anyhow, that would seem to be the probable location of this accident.
Georgetown and Bucknell played a football game.
Thursday, November 17, 2022
Robert Clary
We were not even human beings. When we got to Buchenwald, the SS shoved us into a shower room to spend the night. I had heard the rumours about the dummy shower heads that were gas jets. I thought, 'This is it.' But no, it was just a place to sleep. The first eight days there, the Germans kept us without a crumb to eat. We were hanging on to life by pure guts, sleeping on top of each other, every morning waking up to find a new corpse next to you. ... The whole experience was a complete nightmare — the way they treated us, what we had to do to survive. We were less than animals. Sometimes I dream about those days. I wake up in a sweat terrified for fear I'm about to be sent away to a concentration camp, but I don't hold a grudge because that's a great waste of time. Yes, there's something dark in the human soul. For the most part, human beings are not very nice. That's why when you find those who are, you cherish them.
Robert Clary (born Robert Max Widerman), famous for Hogan's Heroes.
Friday, November 17, 1972. The return of Juan Peron.
Juan Peron, controversial figure of Argentina, returned to that country.
Person had started off as a career officer in the Argentine military, and participated in the coup which overthrew the democratically elected government in 1943. Her served as President of Argentina from 1946 to 1955 when he himself was overthrown in a coup, but returned to the country this year, having remained a figure in politics the entire time, and would soon return to power, albeit briefly given his 1974 death.
Politically, Peron is difficult for Americans to grasp and is often poorly defined. He held a corporatism view of economics, which is a view he shared with Italian fascists, although he cannot be regarded as a fascists himself. He's ultimately found his own political party, which held the following corporatist's tenants:
1. A true democracy is that one in which the government does what the people want and defends only one interest: the people's.
2 Peronism is essentially of the common people. Any political elite is anti-people, and thus, not Peronist.
3 A Peronist works for the movement. Whoever, in the name of Peronism, serves an elite or a leader, is a Peronist in name only.
4 For Peronism, there is only one class of person: those who work.
5 Working is a right that creates the dignity of men; and it's a duty, because it's fair that everyone should produce as much as they consume at the very least.
6. For a good Peronist, there is nothing better than another Peronist.
7 No Peronist should feel more than what he is, nor less than what he should be. When a Peronist feels more than what he is, he begins to turn into an oligarch.
8 When it comes to political action, the scale of values of every Peronist is: Argentina first; the movement second; and thirdly, the individuals.
9. Politics are not an end, but a means for the well-being of Argentina: which means happiness for our children and greatness for our nation.
10. The two arms of Peronism are social justice and social help. With them, we can give a hug of justice and love to the people.
13. Peronism desires national unity and not struggle. It wants heroes, not martyrs.
14. Kids should be the only privileged class.
15. A government without doctrine is a body without soul. That's why Peronism has a political, economic and social doctrine: Justicialism.
16. Justicialism is a new philosophy of life: simple, practical, of the common people, and profoundly Christian and humanist.
17. As political doctrine, Justicialism balances the right of the individual and society.
18. As an economic doctrine, Justicialism proposes a social market, putting capital to the service of the economy and the well-being of the people.
19. As a social doctrine, Justicialism carries out social justice, which gives each person their rights in accordance to their social function.
20. Peronism wants an Argentina socially 'fair', economically 'free' and politically 'sovereign'.
21. We establish a centralized government, an organized State and a free people.
22. In this land, the best thing we have is our people.
The party took the term Justicalist for itself, and oddly had a female branch, as a second party, headed by Eva Peron, his second wife.
Peron was married three times, outliving his first two wives.
His first wife, Aurelia, is barely recalled, no doubt because of Peron's real rise to power came after her death by uterine cancer in 1938, at which time she was 36.
His second wife Eva was a legend and became celebrated in a musical in which she was played by Madonna. She was an Argentine basque who was born illegitimately with he father being a wealthy rancher who maintained two families, although he later abandoned his second, illegitimate one, leaving them in poverty. She was 33 at the time of her death in 1952 of cervical cancer, by which time she had become a very public Justicalist figure at a time in which female public political figures were quite rare. She was regarded as being very glamorous.
His third, Isabel, outlived him and succeeded him as President.
For reasons that were hard for me to grasp at the time, the Peron's had quite a sympathetic following in the United States, and I guess they must still somewhat, or at least did at the time that Evita! was filmed. This might in part be because Eva Peron was such an unusual figure. I can recall my mother finding the Peron's very interesting and admiring them.
Tuesday, November 17, 1942. The 8th Army takes Dema.
The British Eighth Army occupied Dema, Libya.
New Zealand broke off diplomatic relations with Vichy France.
Friday, November 17, 1922. Don't be a J. Walker.
The Irish Free State, which had come into existence due to a bunch of (mostly) men carrying around weapons and assassinating figures of English authority, executed James Fisher, Peter Cassidy, Richard Tuohy and John Gaffney. for "unauthorized possession of revolvers" in violation of the Public Safety Bill.
Wednesday, November 16, 2022
Retirement Ages. Mid Week At Work.
Fairly recently I ran some items here regarding retirement. That made me curious about retirement ages around the world.
And by that, I mean around the "developed world". I am friends, for example, with a Catholic Priest who reached 70 years of age here in our diocese, the retirement age for Catholic clerics hereabouts. He was from Nigeria, and went back. He told me that "In Nigeria, priests don't retire".
That was very admirable of him, as he could have retired. But in a larger sense, that's probably true of most Africans. No retirement. . . ever.
Something to ponder.
Anyhow, here's a chart (not mine) that I picked up from this website:
Retirement ages around the world
Pretty revealing.
So, age wise, for full retirement, the US age of 66, going to 67 soon, is not unusual. The old retirement age of 65, still apparently the Canadian one, isn't unusual either.
Indonesia has the absolute bottom at 56 for the year this chart was made, but It's boosting it to 65. South Africa has the next lowest retirement age of 60, but its means tested, so I don't really know how that works.
So, all in all, the US retirement age is pretty normal.
Now, that's the charts. What is the US average retirement age?
63.
There are a variety of factors in that, including those who wanted to retire early and did, those retired due to illness and the economy, and other factors. According to some statistics I've seen, most Americans actually retire younger than they wished to for a variety of reasons. Canadians make it closer to the system's target, with an average retirement age of 65. Germans make it to 66 before they retire, on average. Greeks retire, on average, at 61.
The military, it might be noted, wants you out the door at age 62, with some exceptions:
§1251. Age 62: regular commissioned officers in grades below general and flag officer grades; exceptions
(a) General Rule.—Unless retired or separated earlier, each regular commissioned officer of the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, or Space Force (other than an officer covered by section 1252 of this title or a commissioned warrant officer) serving in a grade below brigadier general or rear admiral (lower half), in the case of an officer in the Navy, shall be retired or separated, as specified in subsection (e), on the first day of the month following the month in which the officer becomes 62 years of age.
(b) Deferred Retirement or Separation of Health Professions Officers.—(1) The Secretary of the military department concerned may, subject to subsection (d), defer the retirement or separation under subsection (a) of a health professions officer if during the period of the deferment the officer—
(A) will be performing duties consisting primarily of providing patient care or performing other clinical duties; or
(B) is in a category of officers designated under subparagraph (D) of paragraph (2) whose duties will consist primarily of the duties described in clause (i), (ii), or (iii) of such subparagraph.
(2) For purposes of this subsection, a health professions officer is—
(A) a medical officer;
(B) a dental officer;
(C) an officer in the Army Nurse Corps, an officer in the Navy Nurse Corps, or an officer in the Air Force designated as a nurse; or
(D) an officer in a category of officers designated by the Secretary of the military department concerned for the purposes of this paragraph as consisting of officers whose duties consist primarily of—
(i) providing health care;
(ii) performing other clinical care; or
(iii) performing health care-related administrative duties.
(c) Deferred Retirement or Separation of Other Officers.—The Secretary of the military department concerned may, subject to subsection (d), defer the retirement or separation under subsection (a) of any officer other than a health professions officer described in subsection (b)(2) if the Secretary determines that such deferral is in the best interest of the military department concerned.
(d) Limitation on Deferment of Retirements.—(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), a deferment under subsection (b) or (c) may not extend beyond the first day of the month following the month in which the officer becomes 68 years of age.
(2) The Secretary of the military department concerned may extend a deferment under subsection (b) or (c) beyond the day referred to in paragraph (1) if the Secretary determines that extension of the deferment is necessary for the needs of the military department concerned. Such an extension shall be made on a case-by-case basis and shall be for such period as the Secretary considers appropriate.
(e) Retirement or Separation Based on Years of Creditable Service.—(1) The following rules shall apply to a regular commissioned officer who is to be retired or separated under subsection (a):
(A) If the officer has at least 6 but fewer than 20 years of creditable service, the officer shall be separated, with separation pay computed under section 1174(d)(1) of this title.
(B) If the officer has fewer than 6 years of creditable service, the officer shall be separated under subsection (a).
(2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), in the case of a regular commissioned officer who was added to the retired list before the date of the enactment of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021, the officer shall be retired, with retired pay computed under section 1401 of this title.
At least in my experience, most servicemen I've known, Regular and Reserve, have retired before age 60, with some retiring as soon as they have twenty years of service and then going on to other things, and others just retiring in their 50s.
What to make of this. Well, the ages are what they are. On average, folks retire right around 63 for one reason or another.
Monday, November 16, 1942. A string of Allied victories.
Operation Torch concluded with an Allied victory, which included the French in North Africa switching sides.
On the same day, the Kokoda Track campaign ended in an Allied victory. The Battle of Buna-Gona in New Guinea, commenced. That was noted by Sarah Sundin on her blog, who also noted:
Today in World War II History—November 16, 1942: British troops coming from Algeria first encounter German troops in Tunisia. In Papua New Guinea, US and Australians launch drive to clear the Buna-Gona area.
The Naval Battle of Guadalcanal completely stopped, with that also being an Allied victory.
Tuesday, November 15, 2022
Can real conservatism exist without authoritarianism?
Look at Wyoming GOP right now, and you would have to assume that the answer to this question must be "no".1
And frankly, buying off on election theft myths and mutually reinforcing propaganda aside, there's some reason to think that. That's basically what Patrick Deneen of Harvard has warned of. He's the author of Why Liberalism Failed, a major work criticized heavily by the mainstream press, as we've previously noted, and adopted by current conservatives. Yale's snippet on the book states, as we also previously noted:
Has liberalism failed because it has succeeded?
"Why Liberalism Failed offers cogent insights into the loss of meaning and community that many in the West feel, issues that liberal democracies ignore at their own peril."—President Barack Obama
"Deneen's book is valuable because it focuses on today's central issue. The important debates now are not about policy. They are about the basic values and structures of our social order."—David Brooks, New York Times
Of the three dominant ideologies of the twentieth century—fascism, communism, and liberalism—only the last remains. This has created a peculiar situation in which liberalism’s proponents tend to forget that it is an ideology and not the natural end-state of human political evolution. As Patrick Deneen argues in this provocative book, liberalism is built on a foundation of contradictions: it trumpets equal rights while fostering incomparable material inequality; its legitimacy rests on consent, yet it discourages civic commitments in favor of privatism; and in its pursuit of individual autonomy, it has given rise to the most far-reaching, comprehensive state system in human history. Here, Deneen offers an astringent warning that the centripetal forces now at work on our political culture are not superficial flaws but inherent features of a system whose success is generating its own failure.
Now, Deneen did not state that we needed to elect an orange haired Duce whom we "must work towards" in order to impose the proper order upon society.2 At least, I don't think he did, having not read his book. And the essence of what Deneen apparently states here, as summarized by the Yale review, is correct. Political liberalism "trumpets equal rights while fostering incomparable material inequality" It also "discourages civic commitments in favor of privatism; and in its pursuit of individual autonomy, it has given rise to the most far-reaching, comprehensive state system in human history."
All that is true.
Perhaps more disturbing is that liberalism/progressivism has unmoored itself from any sort of external greater force. Depending upon how you view it, it either takes the position, basically, that man can vote on his own private wishes, and God must endorse them, or that individual desires are paramount and nature must bend to and accommodate them. There's no possibility of unity in any of that, and it's deeply anti-nature. There's not even the possibility of a society functioning that way, on a long term basis.
So, given that, is it the case that conservatism must assert itself, by force?
That seems to be the conclusion that Orbán and a host of Eastern European leaders have concluded. They're willing to tolerate democracy, but only if certain things are universally agreed on first. And that sort of top-down directive nature of government, as long as it seems conservative, is the reason so many Americans of the MAGA persuasion, like Tucker Carlson, have been Putin cheerleaders. It's also the reason that CPAC has swooned over Orban and has come very close to adopting his Illiberal Democracy point of view. And it's the sort of point of view, sort of, that lead the Edmund Burke Foundation to adopt a "National Conservatism" manifesto this past June.
But it's also deeply illogical.
The basic core of real conservatism, indeed any political philosophy, is that it's right. And conservatives believe they're right on two things, social issues and economic ones. . . well conservatives who have completely bought the package believe that, there are plenty of people who believe in one of the two tenants of conservatism and not the other.
But ironically, in believe that they are right, real conservatives, have always believed that man is flawed, and it's best to rely on tradition and what we know of science to guide us. Old time conservatives, quite frankly, in the Buckleyite era, tended to be elitist, and proudly so. They were well-educated, at least at the upper levels, and didn't take their beliefs from the masses. Indeed, often they assumed they were a permanent minority that could influence heavily, but was unlikely to rule.
We should note here that populist, at least right now, are fellow travelers of conservatives, but their views aren't really the same at all. Populist tend to believe that the mass of people have some native instinct that's right because they have it. It's thin on education and tends not to trust elites of any kid, because they ain't elite.
Basically, five guys in a corner drinking Budweiser, and lots of it, are presumed to know more about just about anything, to current populists, than five theologians or conservative philosophers.
And of course, in various circumstances, populists can be extreme rightist or leftists. Early Soviet Reds were basically a type of populist.
Note the irony of the illiberal democracy point of view. Conservatives believe they're right, but they also believe, if they are illiberal democrats, that the attractions of progressivism are so strong that they'll overwhelm those truths unless they're enforced by force.
The current right, basically, believes that if offered dessert over dinner, kids will east dessert first every time. Put another way, the current American right believes that given a choice, everyone is going to opt to be transgendered and there's no argument against it. None at all. So people have to be forced to comport with what 99% of humanity already does naturally.
Progressives have believed something similar for decades, which is why they sought to enforce their beliefs through the courts. The basic concept was to enforce their beliefs through liberal courts and either plan on that enforcement indefinitely, or hope that people would get used to the enforced change over time and accept it. Conservatives took the opposite view, at least up until recently.
This is what the recent battle of being "woke" is about. Truth be known, hardly anyone anywhere, as a large demographic, has been in favor of things that may be defined as "woke". But the courts enforced wokism, or at least opened the doors and windows for it. So, for example, you have Obergefel redefining what love means and the ancient concept of marriage, and soon thereafter "accepting" transgenderism is a major societal push.
Illiberal democrats argue that we should simply close the door on these arguments via fiat.
The problem with that is twofold. No bad idea ever goes away in darkness. That's why the goofball economic theory of Communism rose up in autocratic states. Bad ideas, like viruses, die in the sun.
Secondly, it presumes that your own arguments, while right, just can't compete. Arguments that can't compete, however, can't compete ever.
Now, the way that Illiberal Democrats would probably put it is that the truth has been established but corruption, unleashed by evil, is always there to take things down. In some ways, this view is an elitist one, even though populist that have adopted that are anti elites and don't know that (which is part of the reason that currently conservatism and populism may ride on the same bus, but they aren't the same thing). Basically, this view at some level, openly or simply instinctively, takes the position that regular people are like children.3
Enforcing conservative via fiat has never worked.
Footnotes
1. Based upon the most recent proclamations of the Central Committee, you also have to be deeply anti-scientific and an adherent to wacky conspiracy theories. If you ever wondered how a rational German could have believed that the Jews were responsible for all of Germany's ills of the 20s and 30s, well just look at how the Central Committee thinks that Bill Gates and George Soros are messing with the state's energy sector.
2. "Working toward the Führer" was a primary ethos of Nazi Germany. Hitler didn't come up with all the bizarre beliefs and policies of the Third Reich on his own, his acolytes developed many just trying to figure out what Hitler would do if he was working on the topic. The Trumpist wing of the GOP has pretty much picked up on that sort of thing and worked towards Trump, who in turn has worked back towards them.
3. The irony of this is that quite a few members of these movements have already eaten the desert. If their underlying foundation is really meant, and they have, for example, adopted any aspect of the Sexual Revolution, which frankly most Americans have, they're hypocritical.
Related Threads.
Illiberal Democracy. A Manifesto?
Sunday, November 15, 1942. Americans prevail in Iron Bottom Sound.
The Naval Battle of Guadalcanal ended as an American victory. On this day, the USS Washington, a battleship, sank the Japanese battleship Kriishima.
Church bells were rung in the United Kingdom in celebration of the victory at El Alamein. They had been silenced since 1940.
Women entered USAAF flight training for the first time. The training was at the Houston Municipal Airpor and the unit was designated as the 319th Army Air Force Flying Training Detachment.
The comic book Archie appeared.