Bread is the staff of life; in which is contained, inclusive, the quintessence of beef, mutton, veal, venison, partridge, plum-pudding and custard: and to render all complete, there is intermingled a due quantity of water, whose crudities are also corrected by yeast or barm, through which it means it becomes a wholesome fermented liquor, diffused through the mass of bread.
Jonathan Swift, to whom I'd related on my mother's side.
Recently I heard a homily delivered referencing the Lord's Prayer and bread.
Our Father who art in heaven, hallowed be thy name. Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done on earth, as it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily bread, and forgive us our trespasses, as we forgive those who trespass against us, and lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil.
The Lord's Prayer in contemporary English.
The Priest, an African native, noted that for a time he'd served as a Priest in Rome, and during that time he was thrown into a bit of crisis due to the massive variety of Italian breads (twenty kinds, he related) and that so much of it was thrown away in a location that was just across from him. At home, in Zambia, bread was consumed still just once a month, when his father was paid. How, he wondered, could he relate the scarcity of bread in his native land, with the over abundance of it in his new location, and the scarcity of it referenced in the Lord's Prayer (my summation, not quite the way he put it)? He figured that very few Americans or westerners thought of it in terms of scarcity.
Pater Noster, qui es in caelis:
sanctificétur nomen tuum;
advéniat regnum tuum;
fiat volúntas tua, sicut in caelo, et in terra.
Panem nostrum cotidiánum da nobis hódie;
et dimítte nobis débita nostra,
sicut et nos dimíttimus debitóribus nostris;
et ne nos indúcas in temptatiónem,
sed líbera nos a malo.
The Lord's Prayer in Latin.
Well, it might be just me, or perhaps more the family I come from, but that thought, the scarcity of bread and what it means in the context of the prayer, is something that I have thought of before. Perhaps because I can recall my father mentioning, in reference itself to the prayer, that in the ancient world "bread was truly the staff of life."
Padre nostro che sei nei cieli,
sia santificato il tuo Nome,
venga il tuo Regno,
sia fatta la tua Volontà
come in cielo così in terra.
Dacci oggi il nostro pane quotidiano,
e rimetti a noi i nostri debiti
come noi li rimettiamo ai nostri debitori,
e non ci indurre in tentazione,
ma liberaci dal Male.
The Lord's Prayer in contemporary Italian.
And indeed it was.
Bread was the basic foodstuff that fed great masses of humanity all around the world for centuries. The diet we have today, with lots of variety, didn't exist in many localities, particularly after civilization, i.e., the construction of towns and cities, started in ancient times. Not that any ancient society really had the variety of foods we have today, but hunter gatherer societies can have a more varied one than we suppose, with a fairly balanced diet. In many ancient societies, however, once towns were built and crop agriculture set in, and indeed many societies right up until relatively modern times, bread was one of the basic if not the basic stable food item. A person might have meat often, but they could hope to get by on bread.
Notre Père qui es aux cieux,
que ton Nom soit sanctifié,
que ton règne vienne,
que ta volonté soit faite
sur la terre comme au ciel.
Donne-nous aujourd’hui notre pain de ce jour.
Pardonne-nous nos offenses,
comme nous pardonnons aussi à ceux qui nous ont offensés.
Et ne nous soumets pas à la tentation,
mais délivre-nous du mal.
The Lord's Prayer in French.
That's quite a change, indeed, from what we experience now. I suppose there may be exceptions, but by and large I don't know of any society that depends upon bread the same way that all peoples once did.
Πατερ ημων ο εν τοις ουρανοις· Pater hēmon ho en tois uranois; αγιασθητω το ονομα σου· hagiasthēto to onoma su; ελθετω η βασιλεια σου· elteto hē basileia su; γενηθητω το θελημα σου, ως εν ουρανω και επι γης· genēthēto to thelēma su, hos en urano kai epi gēs; τον αρτον ημων τον επιουσιον δος ημιν σημερον· ton arton hēmon to etiusion dos hēmin sēmeron; και αφες ημιν τα οφειληματα ημον, kai aphes hemin ta opheilēmata hēmon, ως και ημεις αφηκαμεν τοις οφειλεταις ημων· hos kai hēmeis aphēkamen tois opheiletais hēmon; και μη εισενεγκης ημας εις πειρασμον, kai mē eisenegkēs hēmas eis peirasmon, αλλα ρυσαι ημας απο του πονηρου. alla rhusai hēmas apo tu ponēru.
The Lord's Prayer in Greek.
Which is, I suppose, why ever culture around the world seems to have its own variety of it, with some societies in the wheat growing regions of the globe having multiple vareities of it. Indeed, Italy and France seem to have a profusion of bread types, and good ones too, which we've only recently caught up with after basically importing their types.
Unser Vater in dem Himmel! Dein Name werde geheiliget. Dein Reich komme. Dein Wille geschehe auf Erden wie im Himmel. Unser täglich Brot gib uns heute. Und vergib uns unsere Schulden, wie wir unsern Schuldigern vergeben. Und führe uns nicht in Versuchung, sondern erlöse uns von dem Übel.
The Lord's Prayer in German.
And thank goodness for that, I'd note. American breads of my youth were lousy, in my opinion. So packed with sugar that they are basically a really bland cake, the left a lot to be desired. Those industrial breads are still around I'd note, but I don't have to buy them and I don't.
Отче наш, Иже еси на небесех!
Да святится имя Твое,
да приидет Царствие Твое,
да будет воля Твоя,
яко на небеси и на земли.
Хлеб наш насущный даждь нам днесь;
и остави нам долги наша,
якоже и мы оставляем должником нашим;
и не введи нас во искушение,
но избави нас от лукаваго.
The Lord's Prayer in Russian.
Ironically, some of the really fancy breads of today started off, oddly enough, as poverty foods. Italian walnut based breads and pastas (basically a species of bread, really) were the food of the really poor, who gleaned walnets. Irish soda bread, which I really like and which I used to make on occasion, is a "short" bread with no or little sugar and no yeast. Easy to make with only flour, just as the Irish poor were likely to not have.
Ranch cook making what is probably soda, or sheepherder's, bread in a cast iron pan, the way it is made at camps, and the way I even make it
Оч͠е нашь ижє ѥси на н͠бсєхъ . да с͠титьсѧ имѧ
твоѥ да придєть ц͠рствиѥ твоѥ · да бѫдєть воля
твоя · яка на н͠бси и на земли хлѣбъ нашь насѫщьиыи ·
даждь намъ дьньсь · и остави намъ · длъгы
нашѧ · яко и мы оставляємъ длъжникомъ нашимъ
и нє въвєди насъ въ напасть · иъ избави ны отъ
нєприязни
The Lord's Prayer in Old Church Slavonic.
But I can see how many would have never considered this.
أبانا الذي في السّماوات
ليتقدَّسِ اسمُك
ليأتِ ملكوتُك
لتكُنْ مشيئتُكَ
كما في السَّماءِ كذلكَ على الأرض
خبزَنَا الجوهريَّ أعطِنا اليوم
واترُكْ لنا ما علينا
كما نتركُ نحنُ لِمَنْ لنا عليه
ولا تُدخِلْنا في تجربة
لكن نجِّنا مِن الشرير
آمين
The Lord's Prayer in Arabic.
Although I suspect that quite a few still do, even in spite of a modern condition in which foods supplies are so vast in the Western World that bread is sometimes regarded by some as a dietary enemy.
我們在天上的父，
願人都尊祢的名為聖，
願祢的國降臨，
願祢的旨意行在地上，
如同行在天上。
我們日用的飲食，
今日賜給我們，
免我們的債，
如同我們免了人的債，
不叫我們遇見試探，
救我們脫離兇惡，
因為國度、權柄、榮耀，全是祢的，
直到永遠。阿們！
The Lord's Prayer in Chinese.
And, in the context of the Lord's Prayer, if a person does, the deeper meaning of the prayer on that line is quite evident.
E ko mākou Makua i loko o ka lani,
e ho‘āno ‘ia Kou inoa.
E hiki mai Kou aupuni.
E mālama ‘ia Kou makemake ma ka honua nei,
e like me ia i mālama ‘ia ma ka lani lā.
E hā‘awi mai iā mākou i kēia lā i ‘ai na mākou no nēia lā;
a e kala mai ho‘i iā mākou i kā mākou lawehala ‘ana,
me mākou e kala nei i ka po‘e i lawehala i kā mākou;
a mai ho‘oku‘u ‘Oe iā mākou i ka ho‘owalewale ‘ia mai,
akā e ho‘opakele nō na‘e iā mākou i ka ino.
Hawaiian.
Vår Far i himmelen! La navnet ditt helliges. La riket ditt komme. La viljen din skje på jorden slik som i himmelen. Gi oss i dag vårt daglige brød, og tilgi oss vår skyld, slik også vi tilgir våre skyldnere. Og la oss ikke komme i fristelse, men frels oss fra det onde. For riket er ditt, og makten og æren i evighet.
Norwegian
Faþer vár es ert í himenríki, verði nafn þitt hæilagt.
Til kome ríke þitt, værði vili þin
sva a iarðu sem í himnum.
Gef oss í dag brauð vort dagligt,
Ok fyr gefþu oss synþer órar,
sem vér fyr gefom þeim er viþ oss hafa misgert
Leiðd oss eigi í freistni, heldr leys þv oss frá öllu illu.
Old Norse
Faðir vor, þú sem ert á himnum.
Helgist þitt nafn,
til komi þitt ríki,
verði þinn vilji, svo á jörðu sem á himni.
Gef oss í dag vort daglegt brauð.
Fyrirgef oss vorar skuldir,
svo sem vér og fyrirgefum vorum skuldunautum.
Eigi leið þú oss í freistni, heldur frelsa oss frá illu.
[Því að þitt er ríkið, mátturinn og dýrðin að eilífu, amen.]
Chilean elections resulted in the opposition Confederation of Democracy winning control of the Senate and House, but falling short of the 2/3ds necessary to impeach Salvador Allende or block his policies.
The Confederation's symbol.
While not seeking to excuse things in retroactive advance, it might be noted that this meant that Allende's left wing Popular Unit alliance was a minority government, which is very rarely noted.
The Popular Unity alliance's symbol.
Voting also took place in France but failed to yield a clear result.
The British yacht Auuralyn was struck by a whale and sunk off of Guatemala, putting Marice and Maralyn Bailey adrift for 117 days.
A large group of U.S. Air Force and Navy POWs held by North Vietnam was released, including Norman C. Gaddis and Leo K. Thorsness who would be highly decorated.
Gaddis had been in the service since 1941, with a brief post World War Two period in the reserves, having joined after Pearl Harbor. Born into poverty in Tennessee, he lives there today at age 99. His Distinguished Service Citation would read:
For exceptionally meritorious and distinguished service in a position of great responsibility to the Government of the United States. General Gaddis distinguished himself while a Prisoner of War in North Vietnam from December 1970 to February 1973. During this period, General Gaddis displayed professional competence, unwavering devotion and loyalty to his country in the execution of his duties in staff and command positions while in potentially volatile daily contact with the Vietnamese guards and officers. General Gaddis performed his duties in accord with the Code of Conduct, exhibiting leadership, courage, and determination, regardless of the cost in the many tortures and beatings which he had to endure. The singularly distinctive accomplishments of General Gaddis reflected the highest credit upon himself and the United States Air Force.
Thorsness had joined the Air Force in 1951 as an enlisted man, before returning to school after the war and later rejoining as an officer. His Medal of Honor Citation reads:
For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity in action at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty. As pilot of an F-105 aircraft, Lt. Col. Thorsness was on a surface-to-air missile suppression mission over North Vietnam. Lt. Col. Thorsness and his wingman attacked and silenced a surface-to-air missile site with air-to-ground missiles, and then destroyed a second surface-to-air missile site with bombs. In the attack on the second missile site, Lt. Col. Thorsness' wingman was shot down by intensive antiaircraft fire, and the two crewmembers abandoned their aircraft. Lt. Col. Thorsness circled the descending parachutes to keep the crewmembers in sight and relay their position to the Search and Rescue Center. During this maneuver, a MIG-17 was sighted in the area. Lt. Col. Thorsness immediately initiated an attack and destroyed the MIG. Because his aircraft was low on fuel, he was forced to depart the area in search of a tanker. Upon being advised that two helicopters were orbiting over the downed crew's position and that there were hostile MIGs in the area posing a serious threat to the helicopters, Lt. Col. Thorsness, despite his low fuel condition, decided to return alone through a hostile environment of surface-to-air missile and antiaircraft defenses to the downed crew's position. As he approached the area, he spotted four MIG-17 aircraft and immediately initiated an attack on the MIGs, damaging one and driving the others away from the rescue scene. When it became apparent that an aircraft in the area was critically low on fuel and the crew would have to abandon the aircraft unless they could reach a tanker, Lt. Col. Thorsness, although critically short on fuel himself, helped to avert further possible loss of life and a friendly aircraft by recovering at a forward operating base, thus allowing the aircraft in emergency fuel condition to refuel safely. Lt. Col. Thorsness' extraordinary heroism, self-sacrifice, and personal bravery involving conspicuous risk of life were in the highest traditions of the military service, and have reflected great credit upon himself and the U.S. Air Force.
Other POWs released included Douglas Peterson, who was later the ambassador to Communist Vietnam and William P. Lawrence, who was later Superintendent of the Naval Academy.
Peterson, whose first wife had died, interestingly met Vietnamese born Vi Le who was serving as Australia's senior trade commissioner in the country. They married, and he retired to Australia so that the couple could be closer to her family.
Lawrence is the author of the Tennessee state poem, which reads:
Jews in Bulgarian occupied Greece, annexed by Bulgaria as Belomorie, were gathered and deported to Treblinka.
This provides another example of how the Holocaust was expanding post German defeat at Stalingrad.
In northern Greece, the Battle of Fardykambos between Greek partisans of the National Liberation Front, and local residents, and the Italian Army commenced. It would be a partisan success.
The Afrika Korps concluded Operation Ochsenkopf in Tunisia in failure.
Mrs. Minver won the Academy Awards for best picture. Her acceptance speech remains the longest in Academy history at six minutes.
The drama was the first movie to win an Academy Award which was set during World War Two.
Vladimir Lenin published an article called Better Fewer, But Better, arguing that global revolution was inevitable because the Eastern countries such as Russia, India, and China had larger population than the rest of the world.
Of course, Communism would never come to India, and in Russia it was busy reducing the population. Seas of blood would flow in the Soviet Union until after World War Two, at which point they started flowing in the newly Communized China.
The 68th Congress of the United States commenced.
On the same day, the Anti Flirt Club launched the first, and last, Anti Flirt Week.
The club's purpose was to protect young women from unwelcome attention from men. It had the following rules:
Don't flirt: those who flirt in haste often repent in leisure.
Don't accept rides from flirting motorists—they don't invite you in to save you a walk.
Don't use your eyes for ogling—they were made for worthier purposes.
Don't go out with men you don't know—they may be married, and you may be in for a hair-pulling match.
Don't wink—a flutter of one eye may cause a tear in the other.
Don't smile at flirtatious strangers—save them for people you know.
Don't annex all the men you can get—by flirting with many, you may lose out on the one.
Don't fall for the slick, dandified cake eater—the unpolished gold of a real man is worth more than the gloss of a lounge lizard.
Don't let elderly men with an eye to a flirtation pat you on the shoulder and take a fatherly interest in you. Those are usually the kind who want to forget they are fathers.
Don't ignore the man you are sure of while you flirt with another. When you return to the first one you may find him gone.
The name aside, the club existed for a real reason. Increased mobility in society meant that for the first time a lot of unattached young women either left home for work or college, or were outside the house for most of the day, putting them outside the eyes and protection of family members. The Roaring Twenties, moreover, encouraged a flirtatious attitude on the part of the flapper class of young women, and even a bit of a promiscuous attitude in the case of some. It's often claimed, with some justification, that the 1960s were simply a repeat of the 1920s in this matter, with the 20s interrupted by the disastrous 1930s.
Bills that have passed out of one house, but haven't made it out of committee in the other, expire today.
February 28, 2023
SF 144 Chloe's Law died due to the end of debate on Monday. Apparently, Sen. Scott's similar bill also died.
This is almost shocking, given the supposed tone of the legislature this year. Moreover, in my view, both bills were meritorious and one should have passed. Mutilation in the name of an unproven thesis in Wyoming, in contrast to Europe where it hit first and has been largely banned when afflicted on minors, will remain legal.
This bill was sponsored by Anthony Bouchard, whom I usually am reluctant to agree with, with the other bill sponsored by Natrona County's Scott. Bouchard ended up drawing an ethics complaint from a Green River resident who emailed him on this bill. Bouchard replied and called the correspondent a "fucking idiot" in the reply text.
Of note, Congressman Hageman attempted a last minute intervention by Twitter on a couple of the bills, including this one, which were bottom shelved. Pressure on Sommers had already caused him to agree to release this one, but on a couple of others which were from the populist far right, he did not yield.
Hageman's tweet drew a rebuke by traditional Republican Landon Brown, and in turn Hageman, who apparently isn't too busy in Congress to get involved in such spats, slapped back.
Senate File 136 by populist Biteman and which would have cut property taxes temporarily died in the same procedural manner.
The bill to honor Lester Hunt likewise died.
Governor Gordon Takes Action on 30 Bills on Monday, February 27
CHEYENNE, Wyo. – Governor Mark Gordon took action on 30 bills on Monday, February 27. The Governor signed the following bills into law:
SEA0062 SF0098 Education-certificate of completion.
SEA0063 SF0113 Architects practice act-amendments.
SEA0064 SF0128 Transfer of state lands-exchange.
SEA0065 SF0157 Weed and pest mitigation-tribal inclusion-2.
The Governor allowed the following enrolled act to go into law without his signature. The Governor’s letter is attached and linked below:
HEA0055 HB0100 Acquisition value study.
The bill that may legalize corner cross, SF56, passed:
ORIGINAL SENATE
FILE NO. SF0056
ENROLLED ACT NO. 60, SENATE
SIXTY-SEVENTH LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF WYOMING
2023 GENERAL SESSION
AN ACT relating to game and fish; expanding the prohibition for entering private property without permission for hunting purposes to also prohibit traveling through the private property; and providing for an effective date.
Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Wyoming:
Section 1. W.S. 23‑3‑305(b) is amended to read:
23‑3‑305. Hunting from highway; entering or traveling through private property without permission; penalty; hunting at night without permission prohibited.
(b) No person shall enter upon, travel through or return across the private property of any person to take wildlife, hunt, fish, collect antlers or horns, or trap without the permission of the owner or person in charge of the property. Violation of this subsection constitutes a low misdemeanor punishable as provided in W.S. 23‑6‑202(a)(v). For purposes of this subsection "travel through or return across" requires physically touching or driving on the surface of the private property.
Section 2. This act is effective July 1, 2023.
Mountain lion chasing season was established, which I think was a poor idea.
February 28, cont:
The now besieged Speaker of the House issued a press release.
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE | February 26, 2023
Contact: Albert.Sommers@wyoleg.gov
Speaker of the House: I’m Focused on Wyoming Solutions, Not Out-of-State Influences
Throughout the last decade serving as a Representative in the Wyoming State Legislature, I have consistently used the following metric to assess legislation: does it solve a Wyoming problem with a Wyoming solution? Some bills that come to the Legislature do not come from Wyoming but instead from another state, or they are templates from a national organization. Bills not crafted in Wyoming often take a one-size-fits-all approach that demands the Wyoming Legislature’s due diligence to ensure a bill solves a problem and does not create a new one.
As Speaker of the House, I have the added responsibility of keeping the House of Representatives focused on getting work done for the people of Wyoming. Part of this leadership responsibility is choosing which standing committee a bill goes to and whether it gets sent to a committee at all. I take this responsibility seriously; bad policy can create major consequences for Wyoming. Bills that are unconstitutional, not well vetted, poorly written, duplicate bills or debates, and bills that negate local control, restrict the rights of people, or risk costly litigation financed by the people of Wyoming should not become law.
I depend heavily on two particular committees. The Appropriations and Revenue Committees work on many of the most important bills during the session and are comprised of seasoned legislators with critical expertise. Their members currently hold a combined 106 years of experience in the Legislature. I rely on those bodies to scrutinize weighty legislation because they understand the repercussions of legislation on Wyoming's citizens. These two committees are led by four chairmen and other pillars of the Legislature. The members of Appropriations and Revenue are workhorses who use their experience to critically examine tough issues without letting rhetoric and intimidation get in the way.
As an example, bills like SF0172 - Stop ESG-State funds fiduciary duty act, in theory, have merit. However, it's our job to determine how bills will play out in Wyoming's reality. I sent SF0172 to the Appropriations Committee to ensure it was evaluated on its substance. The bill bans Wyoming government officials from contracting with businesses that have boycotted fossil fuels or are considering climate change in their investments. Members of the Appropriations Committee identified significant gaps in the language. The Treasurer's Office raised questions about how this bill may impact Wyoming’s investment portfolio. This bill is not worth risking our state's fiscal future just to send a message. I am hopeful that the language in this policy can be tightened up in the interim to allow us to support our base industries while preserving our investment strategies.
Keeping bills in my drawer is another way to ensure we stay focused on solving pressing issues for Wyoming. Here is a list of the bills I currently have in my drawer and why.
SF0086 - Voter identification-concealed carry permit. The bill allows Wyomingites to use their concealed carry permits as voter identification. I like this idea, but House Bill 79 is a mirror bill that has already passed through the Legislature and became law this Session. Consideration of this bill would have wasted time with duplicate debate.
SF0117 - Parental rights in education. This bill disallows public school teachers from teaching sexual orientation and gender identity themes to children from kindergarten through the third grade and directs school boards how to interact with parents. This type of teaching is not happening in Wyoming schools; moreover, the bill strips local control. Regardless of the issue, I've always fought against taking authority away from local school boards, town councils, and county commissions. Additionally, I believe this bill is unconstitutional as it violates the single-subject rule.
SF111 – Child Abuse- change of sex is one of two bills that take on the subject of gender change in children. I sent a similar bill, SF144 - Chloe's law-children gender change prohibition out to a committee. I did not see the need to spend time debating two similar bills. I thought SF144 had a more appropriate policy position, and I sent it to the Appropriations Committee to be vetted. The bill was passed out of committee with a Do Not Pass recommendation, but is available for debate if the Majority Floor Leader chooses.
SF143 – Wyoming Freedom Scholarship Act is virtually the same bill as HB194, which would have created an education savings account. An ESA account is similar to a school voucher system, giving parents state money to put their children in private schools or homeschool. However, HB194 died in the House Education Committee. The Committee heard that bill once, and it failed. There was no need to waste time hearing the bill twice. I do not support this bill because I believe it is unconstitutional, and it is a major policy shift for the state of Wyoming. I do believe this issue will be taken up as an interim topic in the Joint Education Committee, where the idea can be fully vetted.
SJ0001 Amending Wyoming's act of admission for leases and earnings. This resolution would request that Congress introduce a bill and enact a law to amend Wyoming's Act of Admission. It changes the very language that made Wyoming a state, and I have serious concerns about its consequences. I believe it is a bad precedent to alter the document that created our statehood.
Bills that I also did not send to committee included: HB0162 - County optional tax-affordable housing, which would have allowed a county to impose a real-estate transfer tax; HB0193 - Carbon capture energy standards-repeal, which would have gutted Wyoming’s carbon capture policy; and HB0115 - Elections administration, which would have taken away election administration authority from the Secretary of State.
The Wyoming Constitution allows the Legislature to meet in Session for only 60 working days over two years. This time constraint is by design and helps curtail frivolous bills being debated over a lengthy period. I will continue to do my best to keep us focused in the brief time remaining in the Session.
This is really pretty remarkable as the Speaker is basically accusing the far right Freedom Caucus legislators of being in the service of out of staters, taking a page out of a well-read Wyoming book, and also a page out of the far right's own campaign manual.
Governor Gordon Takes Action on 10 Bills on Tuesday, February 28
CHEYENNE, Wyo. – Governor Mark Gordon took action on 10 bills on Tuesday, February 28. The Governor signed the following bills into law:
HEA0062 HB0067 Special license plate decals-women veterans.
HEA0063 HB0059 Wyoming national guard tuition benefits.
HEA0064 HB0038 Wyoming national guard member referral.
HEA0068 HB0140 Mental Health care Access-Collaborative Care Model.
SEA0057 SF0140 Building code requirements-refrigerants.
SEA0059 SF0053 Wyoming national guard medical insurance premiums.
SEA0066 SF0123 Military dependents-school choice.
SEA0067 SF0032 Prohibiting drones over penal institutions.
March 1, 2023
It’s very clear that the Freedom Caucus voted with the Democrats to end debate and thus killed nine bills that were on the bottom of general file, including Chloe’s Law, two ESG bills and the last remaining bill that would have provided property tax relief. That’s on their shoulders, not ours.
Speaker of the House, Sommers.
Oddly, this is true. Those on the left and the right joined to shut down debate at 8:00, killing nine bills in the House.
SJ0003Property tax exemption for the elderly and infirm.
The legislature is really down to a handful of bills now, most of which should not be too controversial, although a couple may be.
March 1, cont.
March 2, 2023
Yesterday we noted that Bouchard was reprimanded. What we didn't note is that he called the person he insulted with profanity the same thing again on his Facebook page, where he stated:
I stand by what I said - F***king Idiot.
Dr. James testimony was extremely misleading. As she testified about WPATH being the ‘so-called’ safe standard that supposedly protects minors from Sex Change procedures.
Dr. James omitted a very important detail from her testimony.
All of the so called medical professionals have been lying about, Sex Changes on Minors.
They don’t want you to know the TRUTH— that Europe is breaking away from the ‘standard of care’ that Dr. James cited in her testimony to Appropriations Committee last week.
As it turns out, the evidence in favor of sex changes on minors — just isn’t there.
What does all of this really say about the medical community that is still supporting the butchering of children?
He is correct about Europe pulling away from allowing the mutilation of children in this area.
Bouchard's two Facebook pages are a trip through the extreme far right wing, fully of attacks on other Republicans, including Keven McCarthy and Harriet Hageman, and including attacks on COVID vaccines and the like. He's made a name for himself by being extreme, which is unfortunate, as it probably doesn't help a rare piece of deserving legislation that he sponsors, such as this one, get through. Republican moderate columnist Rod Miller correctly tapped into his own self-immolation when he noted, in response to this story:
Don't interrupt your enemy when they are attempting suicide.
Sun Tzu
Bouchard's Facebook comment would have been perfectly legitimate, and indeed not without merit, if he hadn't repeated the profanity, granted that profanity has become very common in our era. That aside, he's made such a name for himself being brash and aggressive that he's actually pretty ineffectual. Most people experiencing that would pause and reflect on it, rather than take their own causes down with them.
The far right fantasy bill SF 72 died in the House. The bill prohibited employers from requiring their employees to be microchipped, something that isn't happening in the US to start with.
HB 152, the Life Is A Human Right Act, passed the Senate and is back at the House for reconciliation. It's been significantly amended, so it is not as broad as it once was. It's one of the very few conservative bills that has survived so far in this legislature.
SF109 banning chemical (pharmaceutical) abortions has passed the legislature, making it one of the few which has actually passed.
Efforts to amend the bill banning students claiming transgender status from competing in sports of the opposite gender failed, and the bill is advancing.
Governor Gordon to Hold Public Bill Signing Thursday, March 2
CHEYENNE, Wyo. – Governor Mark Gordon will hold a formal bill signing ceremony Thursday, March 2 beginning at 1:30 pm in the Governor's Ceremonial Conference Room in the State Capitol Building. The ceremony is open to the public.
The Governor will sign the following bills:
Enrolled Act # Bill# Bill Title
HEA0075 HB0099 Property tax refund program.
HEA0076 HB0276 Shed antlers and horns conservation stamp.
HEA0077 HB0123 Collection of antler or horns by residents and nonresidents.
SEA0069 SF0079 Plan of safe care-newborns.
SEA0072 SF0169 State shooting complex task force.
SEA0073 SF0154 Energy authority project financing-refineries.
SEA0075 SF0112 Peer support counseling-confidentiality.
March 2, cont:
Governor Gordon Signs Bills Focused on Strengthening Wyoming Families
CHEYENNE, Wyo. – Property tax relief, providing a plan of safe care for at-risk newborns, protecting Wyoming outdoors and supporting energy development were among the bills Governor Mark Gordon signed on Thursday.
Last year, in an effort to help Wyoming households impacted by rapidly rising home prices and property tax bills, Governor Gordon’s supplemental budget request included an additional one million dollars to be appropriated for the Property Tax Refund Program. House Bill 99–Property Tax Refund Program expanded the qualifications for the state’s Property Tax Refund Program, delivering relief for more homeowners than ever before. The Legislature also followed through on the Governor’s request for additional funds for the program. Brenda Henson, Director of the Wyoming Department of Revenue, estimates that HB 99 will allow at least 6,000 additional households in Wyoming to receive property tax relief. Property owners may apply at their local County Treasurer's office or online at wptrs.wyo.gov beginning April 1st.
“This bill is one important step towards addressing the concerns of those impacted by the combination of rising inflation and increasing property tax bills,” Governor Gordon said. “I’m grateful that the Legislature saw fit to deliver a bill that provides a measure of targeted relief for those that need it most, especially our senior citizens and those living on fixed incomes.”
Governor Gordon also signed Senate File 79–Plan of safe care-newborns sponsored by Senator Baldwin. The bill requires healthcare providers to develop plans of safe care for infants born with prenatal substance use exposure. The Governor said he views the bill as a truly pro-life bill, consistent with his view that caring for newborns and mothers is critical to ensuring the best health outcomes for both.
The Governor also signed a pair of bills–House Bill 123 and House Bill 276–sponsored by freshmen Representatives Wylie and Berger (House Districts 39 and 49, respectively), ensuring Wyoming residents have the first opportunity to enjoy the long-held tradition of shed antler hunting. Governor Gordon congratulated the freshman on their legislative success and thanked the representatives for focusing on legislation that reflected Wyoming solutions for Wyoming problems.
Senate File 154–Energy Authority Project financing-refineries, sponsored by Senator Cooper (Senate District 6), was in direct response to Governor Gordon’s Gas and Diesel Working Group that came together in the summer of 2022 to find ways to bring down the cost of gas and diesel. Limited refining capacity in the U.S. was repeatedly identified as part of the dramatic increase in petroleum products. Senator Cooper recognized an opportunity to help Wyoming families and our energy industries by developing and constructing oil and gas refineries in Wyoming.
Additionally, Governor Gordon signed the following bills into law today:
SEA0075 SF0112 Peer support counseling-confidentiality.
March 3, 2023
Today is the Last Day of the 2023 Legislature.
The Cross Over Voting ban, which was based on a fantasy, passed into law without the Governor's signature, giving Chuck Gray a political, if de facto pointless, victory.
Governor Notes Minor Flaws and Allows Crossover Voting Bill to Become Law
CHEYENNE, Wyo. –
CHEYENNE, Wyo. – Governor Mark Gordon notified Speaker of the House Albert Sommers that he will allow House Bill 103 to take effect without his signature. There were no constitutional concerns raised with this bill, and it had a near super-majority of support in the Legislature. Still, the Governor notes the crossover voting legislation may create confusion for voters. But, the flaws were not sufficient to issue a veto.
Governor Gordon had hoped to receive legislation that would strengthen the closed primary system because he believes Republicans should vote in Republican Primaries and Democrats should vote in Democratic primaries. He made this case in his State of the State Address in 2022.
Nearly three-quarters of Wyoming voters were registered Republicans for the 2022 elections. From this, Governor Gordon noted this perhaps makes the presumed changes more academic than real. “I urge voters to learn about these changes so that they may vote for their desired major party ballot in 2024, stated Governor Gordon.”
Governor Gordon also secured a commitment from the bill’s sponsor to clarify the bill’s ambiguity before the next primary election.
Please see the full Governor’s letter here.
Clearly the Governor was not pleased with the bill.
The irony of the bill is that that Democrats who did cross over to vote for Cheney are likely still in the GOP, and will likely not think about rejoining the Democratic Party until the next primary, at which point they'll miss the deadline and be trapped in the GOP.
Now maybe Chuck can devote his full energies to his elected duties, I have something sitting around in his office waiting to be filed, and perhaps he can get to it. At any rate, I'm sure he'll claim this as a major victory when he moves on from the Secretary of State's office, which he clearly will, and tries to run for something else.
Harriet Hageman's attempted intervention in the Legislative Session continues to make waves, with Al Simpson criticizing her for her actions.
Of note, her opponent in the last election, Liz Cheney, has apparently turned her back on Wyoming forever and joined the faculty of the University of Virginia.
March 3, cont.
Governor Gordon to Hold Public Bill Signing Today, Friday March 3
CHEYENNE, Wyo. – Governor Mark Gordon will hold a formal bill signing ceremony today Friday, March 3 beginning at 1:45 pm in the Governor's Ceremonial Conference Room in the State Capitol Building. The ceremony is open to the public.
This will be the final entry on this volume, before a new volume, no. 7, takes over. The reason is, barring anything odd and unforeseen, the legislators will pack up and head home tonight.
Anyhow, the bills above are interested in that the first one is yet another defeat for the Freedom Caucus, which opposed it. Those following this thread will recall that freshman legislator J. Ward, formerly of Chicago, opined that we were in fact not our brother's keeper, in speaking against medicaid extension for postpartum coverage.
Apparently the legislature felt otherwise, as they surely should have.
173 people were crushed to death in London's Bethnal Green tube, where they were sheltering from an air raid.
The rush to the shelter was started when people fled into the tube due to a salvo of British anti-aircraft rockets being launched from Victoria Park.
British anti-aircraft rockets.
The German minelayer Doggerbank was sunk by the German U-43 in a case of mistaken identity. Following its routine orders, the U-43 departed without attempting to pick up survivors, and 365 people drowned. A single person survived, lasting 26 days at sea before being picked up by a Spanish ship.
The Doggerbank was a captured British vessel, so the mistake was perhaps excusable. Converted into a minelayer, it laid mines off of South Africa in January 1942 and proceeded to Japan, twice being challenged as a British vessel on the way and successfully fooling the challenging ships. In Japan, it took on the survivors of the auxiliary cruiser Thor, a German tanker, and the Altmark. She sank within two minutes when attacked.
The U43 was sunk by an American torpedo bomber that following July.
Gandi ended his protest fast.
Twenty-three year veteran of the Red Army, Andrey Vlasov, published "Why I have taken up the struggle against Bolshevism" in the newspaper Zarya.
Vlasov had been captured by the Germans and then became a German collaborator, commanding the Russian Liberation Army, which saw little action during the war. I know little about him, and don't really know what his reasons were. He'd cause his troops to switch sides again, to a degree, late in the war, by which time his fate, and theirs, was effectively sealed.
Vlasov started off, like Stalin, as a divinity student at a Russian Orthodox seminary. He quit that in 1919 and joined the Red Army. He didn't become a Communist, however, until 1930. He served successfully as an advisor to Chiang Kai-shek from 1938 to 1939 before going on to command the 99th Rifle Division. Up until his capture, he generally was well regarded in the Red Army.
Vlasov would claim that he became an anti Communist while trying to evade German capture. A post-war analysis of the 180 Red Army generals who joined Vlasov's Russian Liberation Army revealed that most of them had personally experienced NKVD atrocities prior to the war.
The first issue of Time magazine hit the stands and bore the date of this Saturday, the traditional day for magazines to so appear. It actually hit the stands on February 24.
Joseph Cannon, the long serving Speaker of the House, was retiring, and hence featured on the cover of the magazine.
Cannon taking down pictures from his office wall on this day in 1923.
The contents of the first issue were impressive, but many of the articles were very short.
NATION
PRESIDENCY: Mr. Harding's Defeat (National Affairs / PRESIDENCY)
Seeking only the nation's welfare, Mr. Harding has suffered defeat at the hands of Congress. Not only that, but the man who was elected President by the largest plurality in history has been reproved by a Congress controlled by his own party.
The Ship Subsidy Bill, never popular, and never made so by the President, was politely strangled to death.
The wisdom of some of the most important of the President's appointments has been questioned. For example, Daugherty, Butler, Reily.
The Bonus ghost is not laid.
Nothing which has recently emanated from the White House which could be called a foreign policy has secured the united support of the President's party.
Today Mr. Harding is prepared to draw a deep breath, for Congressional politics will soon drop over the horizon. After a short holiday in Florida he will gather about him the business men of his cabinet and continue to manage the affairs of the nation, untrammeled until a new Congress rises—from the West.
National Affairs: In 1924 (National Affairs)
National Affairs: A New World Court (National Affairs)
THE CABINET: Postmaster-General New (National Affairs / THE CABINET)
National Affairs: Work of the 67th (National Affairs)
National Affairs: Unfinished Business (National Affairs)
The 67th will receive both praise and blame for what it left undone. Among a mass of interesting business which it will probably hand down to Number 68, there are seventy-seven proposed amendments to the Constitution, including:
An amendment that would prevent issuance of tax-exempt securities.
An amendment to inaugurate the President and seat Congress in January instead of March, following election.
An amendment to provide a minimum wage law.
An amendment that would permit Congress to regulate the employment of women and of children under 18 years of age.
And also bills proposing:
A ship subsidy.
A soldier bonus.
Revised immigration regulations.
National Affairs: Uncle Joe (National Affairs)
National Affairs: New Leaders (National Affairs)
National Affairs: No Extra Session Predicted (National Affairs)
National Affairs: Republican Leadership (National Affairs)
National Affairs: Again, the Bonus (National Affairs)
National Affairs: Death by Filibuster (National Affairs)
National Affairs: Liquidation, Humiliation (National Affairs)
National Affairs: Farm Credits (National Affairs)
National Affairs: Immigration (National Affairs)
National Affairs: The Norris Bill (National Affairs)
SUPREME COURT: Important Cases (National Affairs / SUPREME COURT)
National Affairs: A New Formality (National Affairs)
ARMY & NAVY: General Allen's Return (National Affairs / ARMY & NAVY)
National Affairs: Armament Limitation (National Affairs)
National Affairs: The Cronkhite Case (National Affairs)
In dignified and quiet language, two thousand Negro women of the Phyllis Wheatley Y. W. C. A. protested against a proposal to erect at the Capitol a statue to "The Black Mammy of the South." A spokesman carried the resolution to Vice President Coolidge and Speaker Gillette and begged them to use their influence against "the reminder that we come from a race of slaves."
This, of course, will rebuke forever the sentimentalists who thought they were doing honor to a character whom they loved. They desired to immortalize a person famous in song and legend. But that person's educated granddaughters snuffed out the impulse by showing that they are ashamed of her.
National Affairs: Mrs. Willebrandt (National Affairs)
National Affairs: New York Protests (National Affairs)
National Affairs: The Mexican Border (National Affairs)
Two plans for drying up the Mexican border have found their way to Washington. One is a request by the Federated Clubwomen of the Imperial Valley, Cal., that Secretary Hughes " close" the border at sundown to persons under 21 years of age, in order to protect their children. The other is a rumor from Mexico City, to the effect that the government is considering establishment of a dry belt 50 miles wide, along the border. So far it is only a rumor.
National Affairs: The Marriage at Cana (National Affairs)
National Affairs: Light Wines and Beer (National Affairs)
LABOR: A School for Strikers (National Affairs / LABOR)
COAL: Profiteering? (National Affairs / COAL)
National Affairs: THE STATES (National Affairs)
National Affairs: Political Notes: Mar. 3, 1923 (National Affairs)
BRITISH EMPIRE: The Week in Parliament Mar. 3, 1923 (Foreign News / BRITISH EMPIRE)
Foreign News: The Ruhr from London (Foreign News)
Foreign News: Lord Robert Coming (Foreign News)
Foreign News: Taxes (Foreign News)
Foreign News: Irish Pot-Pourri (Foreign News)
FRANCE: Delcassé (Foreign News / FRANCE)
Foreign News: General Lyautey (Foreign News)
GERMANY: Arithmetic (Foreign News / GERMANY)
ITALY: Fascismo and the Masons (Foreign News / ITALY)
Foreign News: HOLLAND (Foreign News)
Foreign News: DANZIG (Foreign News)
Foreign News: AUSTRIA (Foreign News)
RUSSIA: Famine (Foreign News / RUSSIA)
Foreign News: Soviet Justification (Foreign News)
Foreign News: CZECHO-SLOVAKIA (Foreign News)
Foreign News: Turkey: Mar. 3, 1923 (Foreign News)
Foreign News: KOREA (Foreign News)
JAPAN: Kato Against the Peers (Foreign News / JAPAN)
Foreign News: Age, Wealth, and Votes (Foreign News)
Foreign News: Witty Hanihara (Foreign News)
CHINA: Dr. Schurman Speaks (Foreign News / CHINA)
Foreign News: Dr. Sun and the British (Foreign News)
Foreign News: Bolivia (Foreign News)
Foreign News: Chile (Foreign News)
Foreign News: Mexico (Foreign News)
SCIENCE
Science: Digging Up History
Science: Old Age for New Wine
HEALTH & MEDICINE
Medicine: A Baby's Heart (Medicine)
Medicine: Sight Without Eyes (Medicine)
Medicine: Publicity (Medicine)
SOCIETY
Crime: Counterfeiters (Crime)
Crime: Miscellaneous (Crime)
Crime: Less Crime (Crime)
PRESS
The Press: Public Service (The Press)
The Press: It Pays to Be Decent (The Press)
The Press: The Kept Press (The Press)
RELIGION
Religion: Methodists in Russia
The Russian Soviet government has requested that a committee be appointed from the members of the Methodist Episcopal Church to help reorganize the churches of Russia. The Soviet government has found in the social creed of the Methodist Episcopal Church of America the following principles: Protection of the worker from forced unemployment, old age pensions, minimum wage, reduction of hours of labor to the lowest practicable point, and the most equitable division of the product of industry which can be devised. (This creed was adopted by the Methodists in 1912).
Bishop Nuelsen of the Methodist Episcopal Church, who recently returned from Russia, reports that the Soviet no longer interferes with the worship of any sect that does not oppose the government. Three Methodist Episcopal bishops will go to Moscow in April to present the social creed to the government for approval and to cooperate in working out the destinies of the badly disorganized Russian Church.
Religion: Coincidence?
The Catholic churches of Canada are proving suspiciously inflammable. In the last nine months the three oldest shrines in the ancient province of Quebec have been destroyed by fire—St. Anne de Beaupré noted for its miraculous cures; the Trappist monastery at Oka, and the Basilica at Quebec. The Basilica was built in 1647 and contained magnificent windows and irreplaceable historical documents. The loss was $1,000,000.
Sixteen large churches have burned, and smaller fires have been numerous. At first the blame was laid upon overheated furnaces or defective wiring. But, as fire after fire occurred and only Roman Catholic churches were destroyed, incendiarism was suspected. Staid insurance journals, never influenced by casual rumor, regard human agency as probable; fire insurance underwriters will insure Catholic churches only to a limited extent and at high rates.
If the object of the incendiaries is an attack upon the Church their methods are ingeniously calculated to defeat their own ends. Popular feeling both in America and in Canada is strongly in sympathy with the churchless Catholics.
Religion: A New Church
Under their Bishop-elect, Adrot, several thousand Roman Catholic priests have founded in France a new Church. The tradition of celibacy of the clergy is 1,000 years old, but they have decided to break with this tradition. Bishops of similar churches in Holland, Switzerland, Poland, Czecho-Slovakia and Hungary will be present at Adrot's consecration, which is scheduled for late in April. Two of these had been duly consecrated as bishops before their break with Rome. The new church therefore claims apostolic succession, and the same authoritative basis as the Church of England.
Catholic and Lutheran organizations appeared before the United States Supreme Court to contest the Nebraska school law. The law prohibits religious instruction for pupils below the eighth grade in public, private, and parochial schools, except after dark and on Sundays. Both churches protest that the statute is an invasion of their constitutional rights.
The Reverend Doctor R. S. MacArthur, 81, died on February 25 at Daytona Beach, Fla. He was President of the Baptist World Alliance, and pastor of the Calvary Baptist Church, New York, for 41 years. He retired in 1911, and resigned as pastor emeritus of the church in 1922 when his successor, Dr. John Roach Stratton, held a debate with William A. Brady on stage and pulpit morals.
SPORT
Sport: Greb vs. Tunney
Sport: New World's Records: Mar. 3, 1923
Sport: Firpo
BUSINESS
Finance: Hopefully Complex (Finance)
Finance: Rising Cycle of Business (Finance)
Finance: Reserve Bank's Foresight (Finance)
Finance: Effect on Money Market (Finance)
Finance: Test of the System (Finance)
AERONAUTICS: Chicago to New York (Aeronautics)
AERONAUTICS: A Successful Helicopter (Aeronautics)
AERONAUTICS: A Dreadnaught (Aeronautics)
EDUCATION
Education: Athens and Rome Revive
Education: A View of All the World
Education: Boys Who Are Mad
Education: Federal Control
LAW
Law: Abolishing Reno
Law: International Divorce
Law: A Simple Code
ARTS & ENTERTAINMENT
Books: Black Oxen* (Books)
Art: A Brightness from the Past (Art)
The Theatre: First Nights (The Theatre)
Mr. Zukor's Story (Cinema)
Music: Boston (Music)
Books: The Best Books (Books)
The Theatre: Expressionism (The Theatre)
The Theatre: The Best Plays: Mar. 3, 1923 (The Theatre)
Theatre Notes, Mar. 3, 1923 (Theatre)
New Pictures: Mar. 3, 1923 (Cinema)
Music: Detroit (Music)
Music: New York (Music)
Music: Philadelphia (Music)
Books: Sophisticates (Books)
Books: Shantih, Shantih, Shantih (Books)
Art: Cubism on the Wane (Art)
MISCELLANY
Miscellany: Mar. 3, 1923
TIME brings all things.
Imaginary Interviews
MILESTONES
Milestones: Mar. 3, 1923
TO OUR READERS
Point With Pride:
View with Alarm:
All of the above is from Time magazine's website.
Time was and is a major news magazine. At one time, it dominated a certain category of news. My father subscribed to it, and to Newsweek, and reading them was something I routinely did, and enjoyed doing, from some point in my childhood up until I moved away for university.
Because of his occupation, he also subscribed to Life, at one time Look, and People. Today, only Time and People survive as weekly print magazines.
The Saturday Evening Post went with the tried and true pretty lady cover.
The 67th Congress adjourned. On this, its last day, it rejected Harding's proposal to join the World Court.
The Battle of the Bismarck Seas started on this day in 1943, in which aircraft of the U.S. Fifth Air Force and the Royal Australian Air Force attacked a Japanese convoy carrying troops to Lae, New Guinea,
The Japanese knew that the convoy run was risky, but considered it worthwhile as it stood to be more effective than marching the troops overland. The Allies had detected preparations for the convoy, and then deciphered Japanese communications regarding it so that the details concerning it were well known.
Around 2,900 Japanese servicemen lost their lives in the battle. Thirteen Allied airmen were killed. All eight Japanese transport vessels went down, and four of the eight destroyer escorts over a two day period.
1,500 Jewish residents of Berlin were deported to Auschwitz, with 1,350 of them being murdered immediately upon arrival there.
The Honouliuli Internment Camp opened in Waipahu, Ohau, Hawaii. Hawaiian Nisei are sometimes mistakenly believed to have escaped internment. It was not as widespread as it was on the North American Pacific coast, but it did occur.
Built to house 3,000 people, it initially held 160 Japanese Americans and 69 Japanese citizens. Ultimately it came to house more than 4,000 Okinawans, Italians, German Americans, Koreans, and Taiwanese civilians.
A fire occurred in Douglas:
Today In Wyoming's History: March 2:1943 The Pepsi Cola bottling plant in Douglas was damaged by fire. While soft drink bottling plant operations are not unknown in the state now, at that time smaller ones were more common. Casper had a Coca Cola bottling plant.
Would putting these on a vehicle, assuming that you are not enrolled in either Tribe, be regarded as cultural appropriation?
I think I saw one of these recently, and had simply assumed that the vehicle belonged to an enrolled tribal member, which is partially why I'm asking, the other part being that I think it would matter how this would be viewed by those who are enrolled in either tribe.
As Sundin explains on the rationing link on her blog, the rationing was designed to save tin, not food. It did serve to emphasize growing your own food and preserving it at home, however.
When I was a kid, vegetables that we had that weren't home-grown, were usually canned, probably expressing the habits of my parents. Frozen vegetables were available, but we usually didn't get them. When my father started a very large garden in the 70s, however, we froze peas ourselves, which only worked so so.
Commercially frozen vegetables weren't really a thing until the Birdseye company started its "flash freezing" process in 1929. The popularity of frozen foods expanded during World War Two, but collapsed again after the war. Interest started to recover in the 1950s, and then took off in the 1960s. Personally, I didn't really wasn't exposed to them much until the 1980s, when a university girlfriend was shocked that I bought canned peas and canned corn, as frozen was so much better.
Frozen really is better.
The SS murdered 6,700 residents of Koriukivka, Ukraine, in the largest reprisal raid of World War Two.
The Belarusian Central Council, a putative collaborationist Belorussian government, which later morphed into a post-war Belorussian refugee organization, was formed.
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