Sioux leader, Maȟpíya Lúta, Red Cloud, died at age 88 at the Pine Ridge, Reservation.
Regarded as the only Plains Indian leader to defeat the U.S. Army at war, he realized shortly thereafter the futility of further struggle and ceased fighting thereafter. He was baptized as a Catholic in 1884.
Today In Wyoming's History: December 10: 1909 Red Cloud, (Maȟpíya Lúta) Oglala Sioux warrior and chief, and the only Indian leader to have won a war with the United States in the post 1860 time frame which resulted in a favorable treaty from the Indian prospective, died at the Pine Ridge Reservation. He was 87 years old, and his fairly long life was not uncommon for Indians of this time frame who were not killed by injuries or disease, showing that the often cited assumption that people who lived in a state of nature lived short lives is in error. After winning Red Cloud's War, a war waged over the Powder River Basin and the Big Horns, he declined to participate in further wars against the United States, which seems to have been motivated by a visit to Washington D.C in which he became aware of the odds against the Plains Indians. He did not become passive, and warned the United States that its treatment of Indians on the Reservation would lead to further armed conflict, which of course was correct.
While his most famous actions are associated with Wyoming, Red Cloud was born in Nebraska which inducted him in recent years into the Nebraska Hall of Fame.
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